{"id":15540,"date":"2024-11-18T20:11:12","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T12:11:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/?p=15540"},"modified":"2024-11-18T20:11:12","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T12:11:12","slug":"cgi%e3%80%81fastcgi%e3%80%81php-cgi%e3%80%81php-fpm%e7%9a%84%e8%81%94%e7%b3%bb%e4%b8%8e%e5%8c%ba%e5%88%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/15540\/","title":{"rendered":"CGI\u3001FastCGI\u3001PHP-CGI\u3001PHP-FPM\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u4e0e\u533a\u522b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fCGI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

CGI\u5168\u79f0\u662f\u201c\u516c\u5171\u7f51\u5173\u63a5\u53e3\u201d(Common Gateway Interface)\uff0cHTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u4f60\u7684\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u4ea4\u8c08\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5176\u7a0b\u5e8f\u987b\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002CGI\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u5177\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982php,perl,tcl\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fFastCGI<\/strong><\/h3>\n

FastCGI\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u9a7b(long-live)\u578b\u7684CGI\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u76f4\u6267\u884c\u7740\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6fc0\u6d3b\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u8981\u82b1\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u53bbfork\u4e00\u6b21(\u8fd9\u662fCGI\u6700\u4e3a\u4eba\u8bdf\u75c5\u7684fork-and-execute \u6a21\u5f0f)\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97, \u5373 FastCGI \u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f51\u7ad9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u4e14\u63a5\u53d7\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u5b83\u7f51\u7ad9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

FastCGI\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u67b6\u6784\u7684CGI\u5f00\u653e\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u5c06CGI\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5e76\u56e0\u6b64\u83b7\u5f97\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0cCGI\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u53cd\u590d\u52a0\u8f7d\u662fCGI\u6027\u80fd\u4f4e\u4e0b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5982\u679cCGI\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5e76\u63a5\u53d7FastCGI\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3001Fail- Over(\u5931\u6548\u8f6c\u79fb)\u7279\u6027\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

FastCGI\u4e0eCGI\u7279\u70b9<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. \u5982CGI\uff0cFastCGI\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u65e0\u5173\u6027.<\/li>\n
  2. \u5982CGI, FastCGI\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u6838\u5fc3web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c,\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4API\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002(APIs\u628a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u7684web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u94fe\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684API\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u635f\u574f\u5176\u4ed6\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u6838\u5fc3\u670d\u52a1\u5668; \u6076\u610f\u7684API\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a83\u53d6\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u6838\u5fc3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002)<\/li>\n
  3. FastCGI\u6280\u672f\u76ee\u524d\u652f\u6301\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\uff1aC\/C++\u3001Java\u3001Perl\u3001Tcl\u3001Python\u3001SmallTalk\u3001Ruby\u7b49\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u6a21\u5757\u5728Apache, ISS, Lighttpd\u7b49\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u5982CGI\uff0cFastCGI\u7684\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d8\u5316, FastCGI\u4f9d\u7136\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    FastCGI\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. Web Server\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u8f7d\u5165FastCGI\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff08IIS ISAPI\u6216Apache Module)<\/li>\n
    2. FastCGI\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u81ea\u8eab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u591a\u4e2aCGI\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b(\u53ef\u89c1\u591a\u4e2aphp-cgi)\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85\u6765\u81eaWeb Server\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n
    3. \u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbeWeb Server\u65f6\uff0cFastCGI\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u9009\u62e9\u5e76\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e00\u4e2aCGI\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3002Web server\u5c06CGI\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u53d1\u9001\u5230FastCGI\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bphp-cgi\u3002<\/li>\n
    4. FastCGI\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u5904\u7406\u540e\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u540c\u4e00\u8fde\u63a5\u8fd4\u56deWeb Server\u3002\u5f53FastCGI\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fbf\u544a\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u3002FastCGI\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a5\u7740\u7b49\u5f85\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81eaFastCGI\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u5668(\u8fd0\u884c\u5728Web Server\u4e2d)\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 \u5728CGI\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0cphp-cgi\u5728\u6b64\u4fbf\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61CGI\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u591a\u6162\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2aWeb\u8bf7\u6c42PHP\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u6790php.ini\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u8f7d\u5165\u5168\u90e8\u6269\u5c55\u5e76\u91cd\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4f7f\u7528FastCGI\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u53ea\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5(Persistent database connection)\u53ef\u4ee5\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

      FastCGI\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3<\/strong><\/h3>\n

      \u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bd4CGI\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u5b58\uff0cPHP-CGI\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u6bcf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u80177\u81f325\u5146\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e58\u4ee550\u6216100\u5c31\u662f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u3002Nginx 0.8.46+PHP 5.2.14(FastCGI)\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u57283\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u768410\u4e2aNginx\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017150M\u5185\u5b58\uff0815M*10=150M\uff09\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u768464\u4e2aphp-cgi\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u80171280M\u5185\u5b58\uff0820M*64=1280M\uff09\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u8eab\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u6d88\u8017\u4e0d\u52302GB\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u5b58\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u5f00\u542f25\u4e2aphp-cgi\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837php-cgi\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u603b\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u624d500M\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fPHP-CGI<\/h3>\n

      PHP-CGI\u662fPHP\u81ea\u5e26\u7684FastCGI\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002\u542f\u52a8PHP-CGI\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

      php-cgi -b 127.0.0.1:9000<\/pre>\n
      PHP-CGI\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3<\/strong><\/h3>\n
      php-cgi\u53d8\u66f4php.ini\u914d\u7f6e\u540e\u9700\u91cd\u542fphp-cgi\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9\u65b0\u7684php-ini\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e73\u6ed1\u91cd\u542f<\/p>\n
      \u76f4\u63a5\u6740\u6b7bphp-cgi\u8fdb\u7a0b,php\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u3002(PHP-FPM\u548cSpawn-FCGI\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898,\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u5e73\u6ed1\u4ece\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n
      \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fPHP-FPM<\/strong><\/h3>\n
      PHP-FPM\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aPHP FastCGI\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u662f\u53ea\u7528\u4e8ePHP\u7684,\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 http:\/\/php-fpm.org\/download\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5f97\u5230.<\/p>\n
      PHP-FPM\u5176\u5b9e\u662fPHP\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8865\u4e01\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06FastCGI\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u6574\u5408\u8fdbPHP\u5305\u4e2d\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u5b83patch\u5230\u4f60\u7684PHP\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5PHP\u540e\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6700\u65b0\u7684PHP 5.3.2\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u6811\u91cc\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5f97\u5230\u76f4\u63a5\u6574\u5408\u4e86PHP-FPM\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u4e0b\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u4f1a\u878d\u5408\u8fdbPHP\u7684\u4e3b\u5206\u652f\u53bb\u3002\u76f8\u5bf9Spawn-FCGI\uff0cPHP-FPM\u5728CPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u90fd\u66f4\u80dc\u4e00\u7b79\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u524d\u8005\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7528crontab\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u800cPHP-FPM\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u70e6\u607c\u3002<\/p>\n
      PHP5.3.3\u5df2\u7ecf\u96c6\u6210php-fpm\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u5305\u4e86\u3002PHP-FPM\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684PHP\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63a7\u5236\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e73\u6ed1\u91cd\u8f7dPHP\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6bd4spawn-fcgi\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u70b9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u88abPHP\u5b98\u65b9\u6536\u5f55\u4e86\u3002\u5728.\/configure\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5e26 \u2013enable-fpm\u53c2\u6570\u5373\u53ef\u5f00\u542fPHP-FPM\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528PHP-FPM\u6765\u63a7\u5236PHP-CGI\u7684FastCGI\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n
      \/usr\/local\/php\/sbin\/php-fpm{start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate}\r\n\u00a0--start \u542f\u52a8php\u7684fastcgi\u8fdb\u7a0b\r\n--stop \u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62php\u7684fastcgi\u8fdb\u7a0b\r\n--quit \u5e73\u6ed1\u7ec8\u6b62php\u7684fastcgi\u8fdb\u7a0b\r\n--restart \u91cd\u542fphp\u7684fastcgi\u8fdb\u7a0b\r\n--reload \u91cd\u65b0\u5e73\u6ed1\u52a0\u8f7dphp\u7684php.ini\r\n--logrotate \u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u7528log\u6587<\/pre>\n
      \u603b\u7ed3\u4e0b\u5427\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n
        \n
      1. CGI\u662f\u516c\u5171\u7f51\u5173\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u662fHTTP\u670d\u52a1\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u7a0b\u5e8f\u201c\u4ea4\u8c08\u201d\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. fastcgi\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u9a7b\u884c CGI \uff0c\u662fCGI\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u8ba9CGI\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5e38\u9a7b\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n
      3. php-cgi\u662ffastcgi\u7684php\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n
      4. php-fpm\u662fphp-cgi\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e73\u6ed1\u66f4\u6539php.ini\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fCGI CGI\u5168\u79f0\u662f\u201c\u516c\u5171\u7f51\u5173\u63a5\u53e3\u201d(Common Gateway Interface)\uff0cHTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u4f60\u7684\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u4ea4\u8c08\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5176\u7a0b\u5e8f\u987b\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002CGI\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u5177\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982php,perl,tcl\u7b49\u3002   \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fFastCGI FastCGI\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u9a7b(long-live)\u578b\u7684CGI\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u76f4\u6267\u884c\u7740\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6fc0\u6d3b\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u8981\u82b1\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u53bbfork\u4e00\u6b21(\u8fd9\u662fCGI\u6700\u4e3a\u4eba\u8bdf\u75c5\u7684fork-and-execute 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