{"id":15658,"date":"2024-11-18T17:14:49","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:14:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/15658\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T17:14:49","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:14:49","slug":"%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96linux%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e4%bb%a5%e6%8f%90%e9%80%9f%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e5%92%8c%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/15658\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f18\u5316Linux\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u4ee5\u63d0\u901f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u5de7"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u4f55\u8c03\u4f18\u548c\u4f18\u5316linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u901f\u5ea6<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u6539\u5584\u6574\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8c03\u4f18\u548c\u4f18\u5316Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a
    \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u9002\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u8981\u6709Ext4\u3001XFS\u548cBtrfs\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cExt4\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u7684\u684c\u9762\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff0cXFS\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u800cBtrfs\u5219\u652f\u6301\u5feb\u7167\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6821\u9a8c\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u9009\u62e9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u4f7f\u7528RAID\u6280\u672f\uff1a
    RAID\u6280\u672f\uff08Redundant Array of Independent Disks\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u78c1\u76d8\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5377\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6f\u4ef6RAID\u6216\u786c\u4ef6RAID\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4f7f\u7528RAID\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u901f\u8bfb\u5199\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9RAID 0\u6216RAID 10\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9RAID 1\u6216RAID 5\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u8c03\u6574\u78c1\u76d8\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a
    \u78c1\u76d8\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528CFQ\uff08Completely Fair Queueing\uff09\u78c1\u76d8\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1IO\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0cCFQ\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528Noop\u3001Deadline\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u53c2\u6570\uff1a
    Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f18\u5316\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u5c11\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684journal\u5927\u5c0f\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u5199\u5165\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0metadata\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684block\u5927\u5c0f\u548cinode\u5927\u5c0f\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u8c03\u6574\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5148\u5907\u4efd\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6599\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. \u4f7f\u7528SSD\u548cNVMe\uff1a
    \u56fa\u6001\u786c\u76d8\uff08SSD\uff09\u548c\u975e\u6613\u5931\u6027\u5185\u5b58\uff08NVMe\uff09\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5b58\u50a8\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u7684\u70ed\u95e8\u6280\u672f\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u786c\u76d8\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cSSD\u548cNVMe\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528SSD\u548cNVMe\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u663e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6761\u4ef6\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528SSD\u548cNVMe\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u6216\u5347\u7ea7\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/li>\n
  6. \u78c1\u76d8IO\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u76d1\u6d4b\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff1a
    \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982iostat\u3001iotop\u548cfio\u7b49\u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u78c1\u76d8\u7684IO\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5199\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u627e\u51faIO\u74f6\u9888\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u78c1\u76d8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u6d4b\u78c1\u76d8\u7684IO\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u603b\u7ed3\uff1a
    \u8c03\u4f18\u548c\u4f18\u5316Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u6548\u7387\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u4f7f\u7528RAID\u6280\u672f\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u78c1\u76d8\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528SSD\u548cNVMe\u3001\u76d1\u6d4b\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u78c1\u76d8IO\u6027\u80fd\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

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