{"id":15780,"date":"2024-11-18T11:56:34","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:56:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/15780\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T11:56:34","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:56:34","slug":"linux%e4%b8%8b%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8gdb%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e8%b0%83%e8%af%95%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/15780\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528GDB\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"

linux\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528gdb\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5357<\/p>\n

\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a
\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u8bd5\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0cGDB\uff08GNU\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5C\u3001C++\u7b49\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528GDB\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5GDB
\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5GDB\uff1a<\/p>\n

sudo apt-get install gdb<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1GDB\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n
gdb --version<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u8c03\u8bd5
\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0-g\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eC\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8bd1\uff1a<\/p>\n
gcc -g -o program program.c<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6program\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u542f\u52a8GDB\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668
\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8GDB\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n
gdb program<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684program\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u8bbe\u5b9a\u65ad\u70b9
\u5728GDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u65ad\u70b9\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u505c\u6b62\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u65ad\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
break \u6587\u4ef6\u540d:\u884c\u53f7<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7b2c10\u884c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u65ad\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
break program.c:10<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f
\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n
run<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65ad\u70b9\u5904\u505c\u6b62\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c
\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n
print \u53d8\u91cf\u540d<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cfx\u7684\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n
print x<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c
\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u662f\u6307\u9010\u884c\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • next\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • step\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • finish\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u505c\u6b62\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u516b\u3001\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f
    \u5728GDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    continue<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9047\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65ad\u70b9\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4e5d\u3001\u9000\u51faGDB\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668
    \u5728GDB\u8c03\u8bd5\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9000\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
    quit<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a
    \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684C\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6f14\u793aGDB\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
    #include <stdio.h>\n\nint main() {\n    int x = 10;\n\n    printf(\"x\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\uff1a%d\n\", x);\n\n    x += 5;\n\n    printf(\"x\u7684\u503c\u589e\u52a0\u540e\uff1a%d\n\", x);\n\n    return 0;\n}<\/stdio.h><\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u5047\u8bbe\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3aprogram.c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\u542f\u52a8GDB\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u603b\u7ed3\uff1a
    \u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528GDB\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528GDB\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u638c\u63e1Linux\u4e0b\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u4f9b\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n
    \uff08\u603b\u5b57\u6570\uff1a684\u5b57\uff09<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528GDB\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5357\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    linux\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528gdb\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5357 \u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u8bd5\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0cGDB\uff08GNU\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5C\u3001C++\u7b49\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528GDB\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5GDB\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5GDB\uff1a sudo apt-get install gdb \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1GDB\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a gdb –version \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e8c\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u8c03\u8bd5\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0-g\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eC\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8bd1\uff1a gcc -g -o program program.c \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6program\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u542f\u52a8GDB\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8GDB\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\uff1a gdb program \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684program\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002 \u56db\u3001\u8bbe\u5b9a\u65ad\u70b9\u5728GDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u65ad\u70b9\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u505c\u6b62\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u65ad\u70b9\uff1a break \u6587\u4ef6\u540d:\u884c\u53f7 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7b2c10\u884c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u65ad\u70b9\uff1a break program.c:10 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e94\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a run \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65ad\u70b9\u5904\u505c\u6b62\u6267\u884c\u3002 \u516d\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\uff1a print \u53d8\u91cf\u540d \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cfx\u7684\u503c\uff1a print x \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e03\u3001\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u662f\u6307\u9010\u884c\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a next\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\uff1b step\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\uff1b finish\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6574\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u505c\u6b62\u3002 \u516b\u3001\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728GDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a continue \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9047\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65ad\u70b9\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u3002 \u4e5d\u3001\u9000\u51faGDB\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\u5728GDB\u8c03\u8bd5\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9000\u51fa\uff1a quit 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