{"id":15938,"date":"2024-11-18T17:59:40","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:59:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/15938\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T17:59:40","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:59:40","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8linux%e4%b8%8a%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e9%ab%98%e5%8f%af%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%ae%a1%e8%ae%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/15938\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a<br \/>\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5168\u9762\u76d1\u63a7\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e00\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177<br \/>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528auditd\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fddauditd\u5de5\u5177\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u68c0\u67e5auditd\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>$ rpm -qa | grep audit<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679cauditd\u5de5\u5177\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>$ sudo yum install auditd<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e8c\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219<br \/>\u4e00\u65e6auditd\u5de5\u5177\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u914d\u7f6e\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u4e86\u3002\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u8f91audit.rules\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7f16\u8f91audit.rules\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>$ sudo vi \/etc\/audit\/rules.d\/audit.rules<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u5728audit.rules\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5404\u79cd\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>-w \/etc\/passwd -p wa -k passwd_changes\n-a always,exit -S chmod -S fchmod -S fchmodat -F arch=b64 -k perm_changes<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u76d1\u63a7\u4e86\u5bf9\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3apasswd_changes\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u76d1\u63a7\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3aperm_changes\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9audit.rules\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542fauditd\u670d\u52a1\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4fee\u6539\u751f\u6548\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u91cd\u542fauditd\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>$ sudo systemctl restart auditd<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e09\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7<br \/>\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u67e5\u770b\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>$ sudo ausearch -f \/etc\/passwd  # \u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bb0\u5f55\n$ sudo ausearch -k passwd_changes  # \u67e5\u770b\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3apasswd_changes\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\n$ sudo ausearch -sc chmod -sc fchmod -sc fchmodat  # \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<br \/>\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5168\u9762\u5b89\u5168\u76d1\u63a7\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1 \u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5168\u9762\u76d1\u63a7\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u3002 \u6b65\u9aa4\u4e00\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528auditd\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fddauditd\u5de5\u5177\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u68c0\u67e5auditd\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a $ rpm -qa | grep audit \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5982\u679cauditd\u5de5\u5177\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a $ sudo yum install auditd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u6b65\u9aa4\u4e8c\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u65e6auditd\u5de5\u5177\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u914d\u7f6e\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u4e86\u3002\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u8f91audit.rules\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7f16\u8f91audit.rules\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a $ sudo vi \/etc\/audit\/rules.d\/audit.rules \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5728audit.rules\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5404\u79cd\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u89c4\u5219\uff1a -w \/etc\/passwd -p wa -k passwd_changes -a always,exit -S chmod -S fchmod -S fchmodat -F arch=b64 -k perm_changes \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u76d1\u63a7\u4e86\u5bf9\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3apasswd_changes\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u76d1\u63a7\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3aperm_changes\u3002 \u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9audit.rules\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542fauditd\u670d\u52a1\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4fee\u6539\u751f\u6548\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u91cd\u542fauditd\u670d\u52a1\uff1a $ sudo systemctl restart auditd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u6b65\u9aa4\u4e09\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u67e5\u770b\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a $ sudo ausearch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15938","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15938","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15938"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15938\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15938"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15938"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15938"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}