{"id":16017,"date":"2024-11-18T12:50:37","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T04:50:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16017\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T12:50:37","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T04:50:37","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%aecentos%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e4%bb%a5%e4%bf%9d%e6%8a%a4web%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e5%85%8d%e5%8f%97%e8%b7%a8%e7%ab%99%e8%84%9a%e6%9c%ac%e6%94%bb%e5%87%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16017\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6eCentOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u514d\u53d7\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6ecentos\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u514d\u53d7\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\uff08Cross-site Scripting, XSS\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591aWeb\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u514d\u53d7XSS\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728CentOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899
    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u6216firewalld\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5141\u8bb8HTTP\uff0880\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u548cHTTPS\uff08443\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\uff1a<\/p>\n

    iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT\niptables -A INPUT -j DROP<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u5728\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u5907\u4efd\u4e86\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6
    \u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u53ca\u65f6\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5982Apache\u6216Nginx\uff09\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u4f7f\u7528HTTP\u4e25\u683c\u4f20\u8f93\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff08HTTP Strict Transport Security\uff09
    HTTP\u4e25\u683c\u4f20\u8f93\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff08HSTS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5236\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u542f\u7528HSTS\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
    Header always set Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains\"<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u5c06\u544a\u8bc9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u5185\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u548c\u5b50\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5bb9\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff08Content Security Policy\uff09
    \u5185\u5bb9\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff08Content Security Policy\uff0cCSP\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11XSS\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002CSP\u5141\u8bb8\u7f51\u7ad9\u6240\u6709\u8005\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9650\u5236\u6076\u610f\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8bCSP\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n
    Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u4e0a\u8ff0\u7b56\u7565\u9650\u5236\u4e86JavaScript\u811a\u672c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u540c\u4e00\u57df\u540d\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u4ecehttps:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002\u6837\u5f0f\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u57df\u540d\u4e0b\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u8054\u6837\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    \u8fc7\u6ee4\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165
    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62XSS\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5728Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7801\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684HTML\u5b9e\u4f53\u8868\u793a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528PHP\u7684htmlspecialchars\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
    <input type=\"text\" name=\"username\" value=\"&lt;?php echo htmlspecialchars($_POST['username']); ?&gt;\"><\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3aHTML\u6807\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u603b\u7ed3\uff1a
    \u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528HTTP\u4e25\u683c\u4f20\u8f93\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3aCentOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u514d\u53d7\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5e94\u6301\u7eed\u5173\u6ce8\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5e76\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
    \uff08\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\u4ec5\u4f9b\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u8bf7\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u9002\u5f53\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6eCentOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u514d\u53d7\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6ecentos\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u514d\u53d7\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb \u968f\u7740Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\uff08Cross-site Scripting, XSS\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591aWeb\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u514d\u53d7XSS\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728CentOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u6216firewalld\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5141\u8bb8HTTP\uff0880\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u548cHTTPS\uff08443\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\uff1a iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 443 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -j DROP \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5728\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u5907\u4efd\u4e86\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002 \u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u53ca\u65f6\u5e94\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5982Apache\u6216Nginx\uff09\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528HTTP\u4e25\u683c\u4f20\u8f93\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff08HTTP Strict Transport Security\uff09HTTP\u4e25\u683c\u4f20\u8f93\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff08HSTS\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5236\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u542f\u7528HSTS\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a Header always set Strict-Transport-Security “max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains” \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u5c06\u544a\u8bc9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u5185\u59cb\u7ec8\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u548c\u5b50\u57df\u540d\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5bb9\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff08Content Security Policy\uff09\u5185\u5bb9\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff08Content Security Policy\uff0cCSP\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11XSS\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002CSP\u5141\u8bb8\u7f51\u7ad9\u6240\u6709\u8005\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9650\u5236\u6076\u610f\u811a\u672c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8bCSP\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a Content-Security-Policy: default-src ‘self’; script-src ‘self’ https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com; style-src […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16017","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16017","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16017"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16017\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16017"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16017"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16017"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}