{"id":16104,"date":"2024-11-18T11:54:34","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:54:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16104\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T11:54:34","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:54:34","slug":"linux-%e4%bf%9d%e6%8a%a4%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16104\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e0b\u6807\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u53eb\u505a\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7740\u5f88\u591a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u5b57\u8282\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a char \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a byte \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a int \u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u5206\u90e8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0cCPU \u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u53eb\u505a\u5185\u5b58\u5bfb\u5740\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u7ebf\u5bbd\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfb\u5740\u591a\u5c11\u4f4d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ece\u5730\u57400\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u7531\u4e8e 80X86 \u662f 32 \u4f4d\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u603b\u7ebf\u5bbd\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f 32 \u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u5171\u6709 2 ^ 32 \u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u603b\u5171\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u653e 4GB \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 int\u3001long\u3001double\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u5bfb\u5740\u5230\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u5b58\u653e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u5927\u7aef\u6cd5\u548c\u5c0f\u7aef\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bd4\u5982\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a int \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5730\u5740 0x100 \u5904\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u503c\u662f 0x01234567\uff0c\u6211\u7ed9\u4f60\u753b\u4e00\u5e45\u56fe\u4f60\u5c31\u660e\u767d\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b58\u653e\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Linux<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5176\u5b9e\u5f88\u597d\u7406\u89e3\uff0c0x01234567 \u7684 int \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a 01 23 45 67 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 01 \u662f\u9ad8\u4f4d\uff0c67 \u662f\u4f4e\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u5c0f\u7aef\u6cd5\u548c\u5927\u7aef\u6cd5\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a\u5373\u5c0f\u7aef\u6cd5\u662f\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5728\u524d\uff0c\u800c\u5927\u7aef\u6cd5\u662f\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5728\u524d\u3002\u5927\u7aef\u6cd5\u548c\u5c0f\u7aef\u6cd5\u53ea\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\u3001\u6570\u503c\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570 Intel \u673a\u5668\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5c0f\u7aef\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 80X86 \u4e5f\u662f\u5c0f\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e9b IBM \u548c Oracle \u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u673a\u5668\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5927\u7aef\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5168\u90e8\u5bfb\u5740\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u76f8\u5bf9\u5b9e\u5728\u592a\u8fc7\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5185\u5b58\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u7591\u95ee\uff1a\u5373\u5185\u5b58\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5206\u6bb5\u3002\u6211\u4e0a\u9762\u53ea\u662f\u7b3c\u7edf\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5b58\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5206\u6bb5\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6bb5\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u533a\u57df\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740\u52a0\u4e0a\u6bb5\u5185\u504f\u79fb\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740\u90e8\u5206\u7531 16 \u4f4d\u7684\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u7b26\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 14 \u4f4d\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9 2 ^ 14 \u6b21\u65b9\u5373 16384 \u4e2a\u6bb5\uff0c\u6bb5\u5185\u504f\u79fb\u5730\u5740\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528 32 \u4f4d\u7684\u503c\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6bb5\u5185\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f 0 – 4G \uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bb5\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 4 GB\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u548c\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u8bf4\u7684 4 GB \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u76f8\u547c\u5e94\u3002\u7531 16 \u4f4d\u6bb5\u548c 32 \u4f4d\u6bb5\u5185\u504f\u79fb\u6784\u6210\u7684 48 \u4f4d\u5730\u5740\u6216\u957f\u6307\u9488\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u662f\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

X86\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u6709\u516d\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u662fCS\u3001DS\u3001ES\u3001SS\u3001FS\u548cGS\u3002\u5176\u4e2d CS \u7528\u4e8e\u5bfb\u5740\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\uff0cSS \u7528\u4e8e\u5bfb\u5740\u5806\u6808\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u5bfb\u5740\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u523b\u7531 CS \u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u6bb5\u79f0\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u5185\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u5730\u5740\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e8eEIP\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740\uff1a\u504f\u79fb\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a CS:EIP \u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u6bb5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668 SS \u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u6bb5\u79f0\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u5806\u6808\u6bb5\uff0c\u6808\u9876\u7531 ESP \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7ed9\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u523b SS\uff1aESP \u90fd\u6307\u5411\u6808\u9876\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u56db\u4e2a\u662f\u901a\u7528\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u5f53\u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u65f6\uff0c\u7531 DS \u7ed9\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362<\/h2>\n

\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fdd\u62a4\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u5757\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\uff1b\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u662f\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0b\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5757\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u77e5\u9053\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u7684\u5757\u6784\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5757\uff08block\uff09\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5757\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982 512B\u30011KB\u30014KB \u7b49\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5757\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u5206\u6bb5\u673a\u5236\u548c\u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236\u3002x86 \u5728\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u5206\u6bb5\u548c\u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5206\u6bb5\u548c\u5206\u9875\u540e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u56fe<\/p>\n

\"Linux<\/p>\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u5305\u542b\u4e09\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u548c\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u5927\u4f53\u4e0a\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5206\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u53d8\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740 + \u6bb5\u5185\u504f\u79fb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u56fe\u3002\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236\u540e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u542f\u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f00\u542f\u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740 = \u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9700\u8981\u518d\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u91cc\u9762\u5305\u542b\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u548c\u6bb5\u5185\u504f\u79fb\uff0c\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u6211\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u89e6\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u70b9\u6765\u8bf4\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u77e5\u9053\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740\u662f 16 \u4f4d\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6bb5\u5185\u504f\u79fb\u662f 32 \u4f4d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u5f88\u591a\u4e66\u6216\u8005\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u90fd\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u7b26\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u90fd\u662f selector\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u63d0\u5230\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u548c\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a 16 \u4f4d\u7684\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u518d\u548c\u5927\u5bb6\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5927\u5bb6\u77e5\u9053\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6839\u6e90\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f MMU\uff08\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5355\u5143\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\uff1b\u800c\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5206\u9875\u5355\u5143\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u7535\u8def\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u8ba8\u8bba\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u5206\u6bb5\u548c\u5206\u9875\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u8be6\u7ec6\u804a\u4e00\u804a\u5206\u6bb5\u548c\u5206\u9875\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u6bb5\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u63a8\u8350\u5927\u5bb6\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u5199\u7684 “\u5185\u5b58\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5206\u6bb5” \u7684\u90a3\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u591a\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5206\u6bb5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9694\u79bb\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5806\u6808\u533a\u57df\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5982\u679c CPU \u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u8005\u4efb\u52a1\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u6bb5\uff08\u5305\u542b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5806\u6808\uff09\uff0cCPU \u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5f3a\u6bb5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u754c\u9650\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u9632\u6b62\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6270\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6bb5\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5728 CPU \u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6307\u5b9a\u6bb5\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u5305\u542b\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u548c\u6bb5\u5185\u504f\u79fb\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6bb5\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u51fa\u6bb5\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u548c\u6bb5\u7684\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\u3001\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bb5\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5728\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740\uff09\u3002\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u90e8\u5206\u52a0\u5230\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740\u4e0a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6bb5\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740 + \u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u5f62\u6210\u4e86 CPU \u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u80fd\u5bb9\u7eb3\u7684\u6bb5\u76f8\u5dee\u751a\u8fdc\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u5305\u542b\u6700\u591a 16 K \u7684\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6bb5\u53ef\u5bb9\u7eb3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 4 GB \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u603b\u5171\u80fd\u67e5\u627e\u5230 64TB\uff082 ^ 46\uff09 \u7684\u6bb5\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f 4GB \uff082 ^ 32\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7981\u7528\u4e86\u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Linux<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5e45\u56fe\u5c31\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740 -> \u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740 -> \u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u56fe\uff0cGDT \u8868\u548c LDT \u8868\u5404\u5360\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5404\u4e3a 8192 \u4e2a\u6bb5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6bb5\u6700\u957f\u4e3a 4 G\uff0c\u4ece GDT \u8868\u8fd8\u662f LDT \u8868\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u8868\u67e5\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u770b\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u7684 TI \u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n

\"Linux<\/p>\n

\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u603b\u5171\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • RPL\uff08Request Privilege Level\uff09\uff1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5\u4ec0\u4e48\u6743\u9650\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bb5\uff0c\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\u6743\u9650\u8d8a\u5c0f\u3002<\/li>\n
  • TI\uff08Table Indicator\uff09\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5e94\u8be5\u67e5\u8be2\u54ea\u4e2a\u8868\uff0cTI = 0 \u67e5 GDT \u8868\uff1bTI = 1 \u67e5 LDT \u8868\u3002<\/li>\n
  • Index\uff1aCPU \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06 Index * 8\uff0c\u5728\u52a0\u4e0a GDT \u548c LDT \u4e2d\u7684\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n

    \u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u8be6\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b64\u7bc7\u8fd8\u662f\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u6267\u7740\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    \u5728GDTR\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u548c\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u6210\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u5b50\u548c\u6bb5\u5185\u504f\u79fb\u7ecf\u8fc7 MMU \u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n

    \u4e0a\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u5230\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u662f\u7531\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7981\u7528\u4e86\u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f00\u542f\u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u662f\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u901a\u5e38\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u8981\u6bd4\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u6620\u5c04\u56fe\u4e0a\u753b\u7740\u660e\u660e\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u662f 4G \u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u554a\u3002\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u88ab\u865a\u62df\u5b58\u50a8\u6280\u672f\u6240\u865a\u62df\u5316\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u865a\u62df\u5b58\u50a8\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ea7\u751f\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u8981\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u7684\u591a\u7684\u9519\u89c9\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u628a\u5185\u5b58\u865a\u62df\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6709 4G\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f60\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u6709 64 G\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u80fd\u5f00\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5206\u9875\u673a\u5236\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f1a\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u5c0f\u5757\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff08RAM \u6216\u8005 ROM\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u5f53\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u9875\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6bb5\u88ab\u5206\u5272\u4e3a\u9875\u9762\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f4K\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9875\u9762\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6216\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u9875\u8868\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9875\u9762\u3002\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bd5\u56fe\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0cCPU \u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u9875\u8868\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u518d\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9875\u9762\u4e0d\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0cCPU \u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u9519\u8bef\u5c31\u662f\u9875\u9762\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u8bfb\u5165\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ece\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e38\u5e38\u9891\u7e41\u8fdb\u884c\u9875\u9762\u6362\u5165\u548c\u6362\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u5206\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6bb5\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a4G\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u5206\u9875\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8fd8\u662f\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u9875\u9762\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u7ba1\u7406\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\u800c\u5206\u6bb5\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u5c0f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u5757\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n

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    \u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n

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    \u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4<\/h2>\n

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    \u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u548c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u4fdd\u62a4<\/h2>\n

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    \u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053 CPU \u901a\u8fc7 CS \u4ece\u6bb5\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u6bb5\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5177\u6709\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\uff08Current Privilege Level\uff09\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0cCPL \u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\u3002\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bb5\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0e\u8be5\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f4e\u4e8e\u8be5\u6bb5\u7684\u7279\u6743\u7ea7\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux \u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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