{"id":16197,"date":"2024-11-18T13:26:49","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T05:26:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16197\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T13:26:49","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T05:26:49","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8linux%e4%b8%8a%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%ae%a1%e8%ae%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16197\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u5f00\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4e3a\u60a8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Auditing\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08auditd\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86auditd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n

sudo apt-get install auditd<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6eauditd\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6253\u5f00\/etc\/audit\/auditd.conf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u88ab\u542f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u542f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8bb0\u5f55\n#\n# \u5f53auditd\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u6761\u542f\u52a8\u8bb0\u5f55\n#\n# \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7`ausearch -m SYSTEM_BOOT`\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\n#\n# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3ano\n#\n# \u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3ayes\u5f00\u542f\u8bb0\u5f55\n\nAUDITD_ENABLED=yes<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6eaudit\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u76d1\u63a7\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u4e8b\u4ef6\n-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S execve -k login_logout\n\n# \u76d1\u63a7\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\n-w \/etc\/passwd -p wa -k file_access\n-w \/etc\/shadow -p wa -k file_access\n-w \/etc\/group -p wa -k file_access<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236    \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u89c4\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\/etc\/audit\/rules.d\/audit.rules\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5373\u53ef\u751f\u6548\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7daudit\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo auditctl -R \/etc\/audit\/rules.d\/audit.rules<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7auditctl\u547d\u4ee4\u5b9e\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u5220\u9664\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684audit\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u76d1\u63a7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo auditctl -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S execve -k login_logout<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ausearch\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n
ausearch -m SYSTEM_LOGIN,SYSTEM_LOGOUT<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u5206\u6790\u548c\u62a5\u544a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528auditd\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u89e3\u6790\u811a\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u811a\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u79cd\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo aureport --start recent-hour -x --event login_logout<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7efc\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5bf9\u60a8\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
\/etc\/audit\/auditd.conf<\/p>\n
AUDITD_ENABLED=yes<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\/etc\/audit\/rules.d\/audit.rules<\/p>\n
# \u76d1\u63a7\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u4e8b\u4ef6\n-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S execve -k login_logout\n\n# \u76d1\u63a7\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\n-w \/etc\/passwd -p wa -k file_access\n-w \/etc\/shadow -p wa -k file_access\n-w \/etc\/group -p wa -k file_access<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236    \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
sudo auditctl -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S execve -k login_logout<\/p>\n
ausearch -m SYSTEM_LOGIN,SYSTEM_LOGOUT<\/p>\n
sudo aureport –start recent-hour -x –event login_logout<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1 \u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u5f00\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4e3a\u60a8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002 \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Auditing\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08auditd\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86auditd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a sudo apt-get install auditd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6eauditd\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6253\u5f00\/etc\/audit\/auditd.conf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u88ab\u542f\u7528\uff1a # \u542f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8bb0\u5f55 # # \u5f53auditd\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u6761\u542f\u52a8\u8bb0\u5f55 # # \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7`ausearch -m SYSTEM_BOOT`\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55 # # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3ano # # \u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3ayes\u5f00\u542f\u8bb0\u5f55 AUDITD_ENABLED=yes \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6eaudit\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a # \u76d1\u63a7\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u4e8b\u4ef6 -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S execve -k login_logout # \u76d1\u63a7\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee -w \/etc\/passwd -p wa -k file_access -w \/etc\/shadow -p wa -k file_access -w \/etc\/group […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16197"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16197\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16197"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16197"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}