{"id":16434,"date":"2024-11-18T09:45:50","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T01:45:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16434\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T09:45:50","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T01:45:50","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8linux%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16434\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u7528\u6237\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u7f51\u7ad9\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u68c0\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7b49\u3002\u5728 Linux \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u5de5\u5177<br \/>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 rsyslog \u6216 syslog-ng\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u5728 Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5 rsyslog\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install rsyslog<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u6253\u5f00 rsyslog \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 \/etc\/rsyslog.conf\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\n*.* @\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740:514<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5c06 &#8220;\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740&#8221; \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u542f rsyslog \u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo service rsyslog restart<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7<br \/>\u4e00\u65e6\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u4e86\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e86\u3002\u5728 Linux \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 grep\u3001awk\u3001sed \u548c Perl \u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>2.1 \u4f7f\u7528 grep \u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4<br \/>grep \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u884c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684 grep \u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u8fc7\u6ee4\u5305\u542b\u5173\u952e\u5b57 \"error\" \u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u884c\ngrep \"error\" \/var\/log\/syslog\n\n# \u8fc7\u6ee4\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\ngrep -oE \"([0-9]{1,3}.){3}[0-9]{1,3}\" \/var\/log\/apache\/access.log\n\n# \u7edf\u8ba1\u5305\u542b\u5173\u952e\u5b57 \"GET\" \u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u884c\u6570\ngrep -c \"GET\" \/var\/log\/apache\/access.log<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>2.2 \u4f7f\u7528 awk \u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u5206\u6790<br \/>awk \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684 awk \u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u63d0\u53d6\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\nawk '{print $4}' \/var\/log\/apache\/access.log\n\n# \u7edf\u8ba1\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a IP \u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b21\u6570\nawk '{++count[$1]} END {for (ip in count) print ip, count[ip]}' \/var\/log\/apache\/access.log<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>2.3 \u4f7f\u7528 sed \u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u66ff\u6362\u548c\u7f16\u8f91<br \/>sed \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6d41\u5f0f\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684 sed \u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u66ff\u6362\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\nsed 's\/[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}\/IP\u5730\u5740\/g' \/var\/log\/apache\/access.log\n\n# \u5220\u9664\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\nsed '\/^s*$\/d' \/var\/log\/apache\/access.log<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>2.4 \u4f7f\u7528 Perl \u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<br \/>Perl \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 Perl \u811a\u672c\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b21\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>#!\/usr\/bin\/perl\n\nuse strict;\nuse warnings;\n\nmy %count;\n\nwhile () {\n    chomp;\n    my ($ip) = $_ =~ \/(d+.d+.d+.d+)\/;\n    ++$count{$ip};\n}\n\nforeach my $ip (keys %count) {\n    print \"$ip: $count{$ip}\n\";\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u4e3a log_analysis.pl\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>perl log_analysis.pl \/var\/log\/apache\/access.log<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u7ea7\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u548c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u7b49\u5f85\u4f60\u53bb\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u795d\u4f60\u5728 Linux \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u4f5c\u987a\u5229\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f \u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u7528\u6237\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u7f51\u7ad9\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u68c0\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7b49\u3002\u5728 Linux \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u5de5\u5177\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 rsyslog \u6216 syslog-ng\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u5728 Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5 rsyslog\uff1a sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install rsyslog \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u6253\u5f00 rsyslog \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 \/etc\/rsyslog.conf\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a # \u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668 *.* @\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740:514 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5c06 &#8220;\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740&#8221; \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u542f rsyslog \u670d\u52a1\uff1a sudo service rsyslog restart \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e00\u65e6\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u4e86\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e86\u3002\u5728 Linux \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 grep\u3001awk\u3001sed \u548c Perl \u7b49\u3002 2.1 \u4f7f\u7528 grep \u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4grep \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u884c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684 grep \u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a # [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16434"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16434\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}