{"id":16441,"date":"2024-11-18T13:37:42","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T05:37:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16441\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T13:37:42","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T05:37:42","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8linux%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8grep%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16441\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a
\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7ef4\u548c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0cgrep\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u9488\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5e38\u7528\u7684grep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001grep\u547d\u4ee4\u7b80\u4ecb
grep\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6b3e\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6309\u7167\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 grep\u652f\u6301\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002grep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

grep [option] pattern [file]<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u5176\u4e2d\uff0coption\u662fgrep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\uff0cpattern\u662f\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0cfile\u662f\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. -i\uff1a\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. -v\uff1a\u53cd\u5411\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. -r\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u53ef\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. -l\uff1a\u4ec5\u8f93\u51fa\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. -n\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u6570\u3002
    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u53ea\u662fgrep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7man grep\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u6863\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u9009\u9879\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e09\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u793a\u4f8b
    \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aaccess.log\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u901a\u8fc7grep\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7edf\u8ba1\u67d0\u4e2aURL\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u6700\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u7edf\u8ba1\u67d0\u4e2aURL\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/p>\n
      grep -c '\/url' access.log<\/pre>\n
       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5728access.log\u4e2d\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fa\u5305\u542b’\/url’\u7684\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u5373\u8be5URL\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u8f93\u51fa\u6700\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n
      grep '\/url' access.log | awk '{print $1}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 10<\/pre>\n
       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5148\u4f7f\u7528grep\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u5305\u542b’\/url’\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528awk\u63d0\u53d6\u51faIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u4f7f\u7528sort\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528uniq -c\u7edf\u8ba1IP\u5730\u5740\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528sort\u8fdb\u884c\u9006\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528head -n 10\u8f93\u51fa\u524d10\u4e2a\u6700\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539head -n\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u8f93\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u6216\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u56db\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba
      grep\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86grep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u793a\u4f8b\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f \u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7ef4\u548c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5728Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0cgrep\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u9488\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5e38\u7528\u7684grep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u4e00\u3001grep\u547d\u4ee4\u7b80\u4ecbgrep\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6b3e\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6309\u7167\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 grep\u652f\u6301\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002grep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a grep [option] pattern [file] \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5176\u4e2d\uff0coption\u662fgrep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\uff0cpattern\u662f\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0cfile\u662f\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879 -i\uff1a\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u641c\u7d22\u3002 -v\uff1a\u53cd\u5411\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u3002 -r\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u53ef\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002 -l\uff1a\u4ec5\u8f93\u51fa\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u3002 -n\uff1a\u8f93\u51fa\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53ea\u662fgrep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7man grep\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u6863\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u591a\u9009\u9879\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aaccess.log\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u901a\u8fc7grep\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7edf\u8ba1\u67d0\u4e2aURL\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u6700\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002 \u7edf\u8ba1\u67d0\u4e2aURL\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6b21\u6570 grep -c ‘\/url’ access.log \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5728access.log\u4e2d\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fa\u5305\u542b’\/url’\u7684\u884c\u6570\uff0c\u5373\u8be5URL\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002 \u8f93\u51fa\u6700\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740 grep ‘\/url’ access.log | awk ‘{print $1}’ | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -n 10 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5148\u4f7f\u7528grep\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u5305\u542b’\/url’\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528awk\u63d0\u53d6\u51faIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u4f7f\u7528sort\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528uniq -c\u7edf\u8ba1IP\u5730\u5740\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528sort\u8fdb\u884c\u9006\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528head -n 10\u8f93\u51fa\u524d10\u4e2a\u6700\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539head -n\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u8f93\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u6216\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 \u56db\u3001\u7ed3\u8bbagrep\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86grep\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u793a\u4f8b\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16441","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16441","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16441"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16441\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}