{"id":16455,"date":"2024-11-18T14:17:54","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T06:17:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16455\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T14:17:54","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T06:17:54","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87linux%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16455\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Linux\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u3001\u9884\u9632\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>awk<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>awk\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>awk '\/Error\/ {print $0}' \/var\/log\/syslog<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u5728\/var\/log\/syslog\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b&#8221;Error&#8221;\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6574\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>grep<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>grep\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u5305\u542b\u7279\u5b9a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>grep \"Failed password\" \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u5728\/auth.log\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b&#8221;Failed password&#8221;\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>sed<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>sed\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u8f91\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u6587\u672c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sed -i 's\/123456789\/XXX\/g' \/var\/log\/access.log<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u5c06\/access.log\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709&#8221;123456789&#8243;\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a&#8221;XXX&#8221;\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Logwatch<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Logwatch\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u65e5\u5fd7\u62a5\u544a\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u90ae\u7bb1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>logwatch --detail High --mailto admin@example.com --output mail<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u5230admin@example.com\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>AIDE<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>AIDE\uff08Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u62a5\u544a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>aide --init\nmv \/var\/lib\/aide\/aide.db.new.gz \/var\/lib\/aide\/aide.db.gz<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u547d\u540d\u4e3aaide.db.gz\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u514d\u53d7\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u7075\u6d3b\u8fd0\u7528\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Linux\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Linux\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f \u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u3001\u9884\u9632\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002 awk awk\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a awk &#8216;\/Error\/ {print $0}&#8217; \/var\/log\/syslog \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u5728\/var\/log\/syslog\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b&#8221;Error&#8221;\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6574\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 grep grep\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u5305\u542b\u7279\u5b9a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a grep &#8220;Failed password&#8221; \/var\/log\/auth.log \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u5728\/auth.log\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b&#8221;Failed password&#8221;\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u3002 sed sed\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u8f91\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u6587\u672c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a sed -i &#8216;s\/123456789\/XXX\/g&#8217; \/var\/log\/access.log \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u5c06\/access.log\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709&#8221;123456789&#8243;\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a&#8221;XXX&#8221;\u3002 Logwatch Logwatch\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u65e5\u5fd7\u62a5\u544a\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u90ae\u7bb1\uff1a logwatch &#8211;detail High &#8211;mailto admin@example.com &#8211;output mail \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u5230admin@example.com\u3002 AIDE AIDE\uff08Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u62a5\u544a\uff1a aide &#8211;init mv \/var\/lib\/aide\/aide.db.new.gz \/var\/lib\/aide\/aide.db.gz \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u547d\u540d\u4e3aaide.db.gz\u3002 \u603b\u7ed3\uff1a \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u514d\u53d7\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u7075\u6d3b\u8fd0\u7528\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Linux\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Linux\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1f\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16455","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16455"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16455\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16455"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}