{"id":16473,"date":"2024-11-18T13:53:24","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T05:53:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16473\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T13:53:24","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T05:53:24","slug":"linux%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e4%b8%8e%e4%ba%91%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16473\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u4e91\u5b89\u5168"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u4e91\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n<p>\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u4e91\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6cc4\u9732\u548c\u5165\u4fb5\u7b49\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u76d1\u63a7\u624b\u6bb5\u5f00\u59cb\u53d7\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u6f5c\u5728\u5a01\u80c1\u548c\u5165\u4fb5\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6536\u96c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e00\u822c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\/var\/log\/auth.log\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\/var\/log\/syslog\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\/var\/log\/messages\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\/var\/log\/secure\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55Nginx\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982syslog-ng\u6216rsyslog\u6765\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\/var\/log\/syslog\u4e2d\u5404\u7ea7\u522b\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>import re\n\nlog_file = '\/var\/log\/syslog'\nlog_level_count = {}\n\nwith open(log_file, 'r') as f:\n    for line in f:\n        result = re.findall(r'(w+):s', line)\n        if result:\n            log_level = result[0]\n            if log_level in log_level_count:\n                log_level_count[log_level] += 1\n            else:\n                log_level_count[log_level] = 1\n\nfor log_level, count in log_level_count.items():\n    print(log_level, count)<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u7edf\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u5177\u6709\u6f5c\u5728\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\/var\/log\/auth.log\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u5173\u952e\u5b57&#8221;Failed&#8221;\u7684\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>log_file = '\/var\/log\/auth.log'\nkey_word = 'Failed'\n\nwith open(log_file, 'r') as f:\n    for line in f:\n        if key_word in line:\n            print(line)<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u5305\u542b&#8221;Failed&#8221;\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u5982ELK\uff08Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana\uff09\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002ELK\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5229\u7528ELK\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165Elasticsearch\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528Kibana\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cLinux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u7ed3\u5408\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u5982ELK\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4e91\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u4e91\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u4e91\u5b89\u5168 \u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u4e91\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u9010\u6e10\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6cc4\u9732\u548c\u5165\u4fb5\u7b49\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u76d1\u63a7\u624b\u6bb5\u5f00\u59cb\u53d7\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002 \u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u6f5c\u5728\u5a01\u80c1\u548c\u5165\u4fb5\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e91\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u529f\u80fd\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6536\u96c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e00\u822c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a \/var\/log\/auth.log\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \/var\/log\/syslog\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \/var\/log\/messages\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u3002 \/var\/log\/secure\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55Nginx\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002 \u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982syslog-ng\u6216rsyslog\u6765\u96c6\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\/var\/log\/syslog\u4e2d\u5404\u7ea7\u522b\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff1a import re log_file = &#8216;\/var\/log\/syslog&#8217; log_level_count = {} with open(log_file, &#8216;r&#8217;) as f: for line in f: result = re.findall(r'(w+):s&#8217;, line) if result: log_level = result[0] if log_level in log_level_count: log_level_count[log_level] += 1 else: log_level_count[log_level] = 1 for log_level, count in log_level_count.items(): print(log_level, count) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16473"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16473\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}