{"id":16535,"date":"2024-11-18T16:33:38","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T08:33:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16535\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T16:33:38","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T08:33:38","slug":"%e4%b8%8d%e4%bc%9a%e7%94%a8-linux-%e9%98%b2%e7%81%ab%e5%a2%99%e8%bd%af%e4%bb%b6-iptables%ef%bc%81%e4%bd%a0%e7%ae%97%e5%95%a5%e8%bf%90%e7%bb%b4%e4%ba%ba%ef%bc%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16535\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>  <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/001\/275\/013\/3e7916ee29fb9c3ae202254a7b9b3d1e-0.png\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff08conntrack\uff09<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cKubernetes Service\u3001ServiceMesh sidecar\u3001 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668 LVS\/IPVS\u3001Docker network\u3001OVS\u3001iptables \u4e3b\u673a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/001\/275\/013\/3e7916ee29fb9c3ae202254a7b9b3d1e-1.png\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe1\" alt=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe1\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\"><strong>\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff0c\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff08\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/strong>&nbsp;\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u56fe 1.1 \u662f\u4e00\u53f0 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e3a 10.1.1.2 \u7684 Linux \u673a\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6709\u4e09\u6761 \u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u673a\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u90e8 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3 80\uff09<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u673a\u5668\u5185 FTP \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3 21\uff09<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u673a\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u90e8 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3 53\uff09<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u5143\u7ec4\uff08tuple\uff09\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fa8\u522b\u6570\u636e\u6d41\uff08flow\uff09\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff08connection\uff09\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08conntrack table\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u53d1\u9001 \u5305\u6570\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u56de\u6536\u8fc7\u671f\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff08GC\uff09\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u4e3a\u66f4\u4e0a\u5c42\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 NAT\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e2d\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u548c TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u201c\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\uff08connection oriented\uff09\u7684\u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u56db\u5c42\uff08Layer 4\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002TCP \u662f\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u79f0\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff08connection oriented\uff09\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u5305\u90fd\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u7aef\u5e94\u7b54\uff08ACK\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u3002UDP \u662f\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u5305\u65e0\u9700\u5bf9\u7aef\u5e94\u7b54\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u4f20\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>conntrack(CT) \u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\uff08tuple\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u6570\u636e\u6d41\uff08flow \uff09\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u6761\u8fde\u63a5\uff08connection\uff09\u3002\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u770b\u5230 UDP \u751a\u81f3\u662f ICMP \u8fd9\u79cd\u4e09\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u5728 CT \u4e2d\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u534f\u8bae\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">Netfilter<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/001\/275\/013\/86faeeb6f9886c571343e2256b183815-2.png\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe2\" alt=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe2\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\"><strong>Linux \u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u662f\u5728 Netfilter \u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">Netfilter \u662f Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u6570\u636e \u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff08manipulation and filtering\uff09\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u5185\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72 hook \u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u62e6\u622a\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u73b0\u5728\u63d0\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff08conntrack\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9996\u5148\u90fd\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230 Netfilter\uff0cNetfilter \u53ea\u662f Linux \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5177\u5907\u4e86 hook \u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u80fd\u62e6\u622a\u5230\u8fdb\u51fa\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5305\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u5957\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/001\/275\/013\/86faeeb6f9886c571343e2256b183815-3.png\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe3\" alt=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe3\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u7f51\u7edc\u65b9\u6848 Cilium \u5728 1.7.4+ \u7248\u672c\u5c31\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u5957\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c NAT \u673a\u5236 \uff08\u5b8c\u5907\u529f\u80fd\u9700\u8981 Kernel 4.19+\uff09\u3002\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u662f\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u57fa\u4e8e BPF hook \u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u62e6\u622a\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e netfilter \u91cc\u9762\u7684 hook \u673a\u5236\uff09<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u5728 BPF hook \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u5957\u5168\u65b0\u7684 conntrack \u548c NAT \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u5378\u8f7d\u6389 Netfilter \uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd Cilium \u5bf9 Kubernetes ClusterIP\u3001NodePort\u3001ExternalIPs \u548c LoadBalancer \u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u5957\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u673a\u5236\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e Netfilter \u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u7684 conntrack \u548c NAT \u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709 \u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u6838\u7684\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f Netfilter \u7684\uff09conntrack table \u548c NAT table\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5e38\u89c4\u7684 conntrack\/netstats\/ss\/lsof \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 Cilium \u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>$&nbsp;cilium&nbsp;bpf&nbsp;nat&nbsp;list$&nbsp;cilium&nbsp;bpf&nbsp;ct&nbsp;list&nbsp;global<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">Iptables<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\"><strong>Iptables \u662f\u914d\u7f6e Netfilter \u8fc7\u6ee4\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/strong>&nbsp;netfilter \u624d\u662f\u9632\u706b\u5899\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6846\u67b6\uff08framework\uff09\uff0cnetfilter \u4f4d\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002iptables \u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u64cd\u4f5c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002Iptable \u6839\u636e\u89c4\u5219\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5982\u653e\u884c\uff08accept\uff09\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\uff08reject\uff09\u548c\u4e22\u5f03\uff08drop\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684web\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u62a5\u6587\u5230\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u800c tcp\/ip \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u6838\u7684 TCP \u534f\u8bae\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684 web \u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7ec8\u70b9\u4e3a web \u670d\u52a1\u6240\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff08IP:Port\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53web\u670d\u52a1\u9700\u8981\u54cd\u5e94\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0cweb \u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7ec8\u70b9\u5219\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0cweb \u670d\u52a1\u6240\u76d1\u542c\u7684 IP \u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\u53cd\u800c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0cnetfilter \u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u9632\u706b\u5899\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u5230\u201d\u9632\u706b\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5173\u5361\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u51fa\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u90fd\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u5361\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u540e\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u653e\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u624d\u80fd\u653e\u884c\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u963b\u62e6\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5219\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/001\/275\/013\/b08108c475963b480d536df27ca067d4-4.png\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe4\" alt=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe4\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">iptables \u5305\u542b 4\u4e2a\u8868\uff0c5\u4e2a\u94fe\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8868\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u533a\u5206\uff08\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c NAT\u7b49\uff09\u7684\uff0c\u94fe\u662f\u6309\u7167\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 Hook \u70b9\u6765\u533a\u5206\u7684\uff0c\u8868\u548c\u94fe\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662fnetfilter\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">iptables \u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u8868\u5206\u522b\u662f filter\uff0cmangle\uff0cnat\uff0craw\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8868\u662ffilter\u3002<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>filter \u8868\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u8981\u6c42\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>nat \u8868\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>mangle \u8868\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u751f\u5b58\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6d41\u91cf\u6574\u5f62\u3001\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u7b49\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>raw \u8868\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">iptables \u7684\u4e94\u4e2a\u94fe\u5206\u522b\u662f PREROUTING\uff0cINPUT\uff0cFORWARD\uff0cOUTPUT\uff0cPOSTROUTING\u3002<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>input \u94fe\uff1a\u5f53\u6536\u5230\u8bbf\u95ee\u672c\u673a\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>output \u94fe\uff1a\u5f53\u672c\u673a\u5411\u5916\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>forward \u94fe\uff1a\u5f53\u6536\u5230\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0forward\u8f6c\u53d1\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u542fLinux\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684ip_forward\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>prerouting \u94fe\uff1a\u5728\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u505a\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>postrouting \u94fe\uff1a\u5728\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u505a\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u8868\u548c\u94fe\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u60f3\u8c61\u51fa\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6d41\u5411\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u5230\u672c\u673a\u67d0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff1aPREROUTING \u2013&gt; INPUT\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u7531\u672c\u673a\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff1aPREROUTING \u2013&gt; FORWARD \u2013&gt; POSTROUTING\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u7531\u672c\u673a\u7684\u67d0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u51fa\u62a5\u6587\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\uff09\uff1aOUTPUT \u2013&gt; POSTROUTING\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">\u67e5\u8be2\u89c4\u5219<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>-t\uff1a\u8868\u540d<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>-n\uff1a\u4e0d\u89e3\u6790IP\u5730\u5740<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>-v\uff1a\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u5927\u5c0f<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>-x\uff1a\u9009\u9879\u8868\u793a\u663e\u793a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u503c<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>&#8211;line-numbers\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5e8f\u53f7\uff08\u7b80\u5199\u4e3a&#8211;line\uff09<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7Linux\u5c31\u8be5\u8fd9\u6837\u5b66\u540e\u53f0\u56de\u590d\u201c\u7334\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4efd\u60ca\u559c\u793c\u5305\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>-L\uff1a\u94fe\u540d<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>#iptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-nvxL&nbsp;DOCKER&nbsp;&nbsp;--lineChain&nbsp;DOCKER&nbsp;(1&nbsp;references)num&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pkts&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bytes&nbsp;target&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;prot&nbsp;opt&nbsp;in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;out&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;source&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;destination1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5076&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;321478&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;!docker0&nbsp;docker0&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;172.17.0.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;dpt:84432&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;37233&nbsp;54082508&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;!docker0&nbsp;docker0&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;172.17.0.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;dpt:223&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1712&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;255195&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;!docker0&nbsp;docker0&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;172.17.0.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;dpt:90004&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;!docker0&nbsp;docker0&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;172.17.0.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;dpt:80005&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;40224&nbsp;&nbsp;6343104&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;!docker0&nbsp;docker0&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;172.17.0.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;dpt:34436&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;21034&nbsp;&nbsp;2227009&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;!docker0&nbsp;docker0&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;172.17.0.5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;dpt:33067&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;58&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5459&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;!docker0&nbsp;docker0&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;172.17.0.6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;dpt:808&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;826&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;70081&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;!docker0&nbsp;docker0&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;172.17.0.6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;dpt:4439&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10306905&nbsp;1063612492&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;!docker0&nbsp;docker0&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;172.17.0.9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;dpt:330610&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;159775&nbsp;12297727&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;!docker0&nbsp;docker0&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;172.17.0.7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;dpt:11111<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">\u589e\u52a0\u89c4\u5219<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c-A \u9009\u9879\u8868\u793a\u5728\u5bf9\u5e94\u94fe\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7701\u7565 -t \u9009\u9879\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u64cd\u4f5c filter \u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;\u8868\u540d&nbsp;-A&nbsp;\u94fe\u540d&nbsp;\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6&nbsp;-j&nbsp;\u52a8\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-A&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROP<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u9996\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c-I \u9009\u578b\u8868\u793a\u5728\u5bf9\u5e94\u94fe\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;\u8868\u540d&nbsp;-I&nbsp;\u94fe\u540d&nbsp;\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6&nbsp;-j&nbsp;\u52a8\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;\u8868\u540d&nbsp;-I&nbsp;\u94fe\u540d&nbsp;\u89c4\u5219\u5e8f\u53f7&nbsp;\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6&nbsp;-j&nbsp;\u52a8\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;5&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">\u5220\u9664\u89c4\u5219<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6309\u7167\u89c4\u5219\u5e8f\u53f7\u5220\u9664\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c-D \u9009\u9879\u8868\u793a\u5220\u9664\u5bf9\u5e94\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u8868\u793a\u5220\u9664filter\u8868\u4e2dINPUT\u94fe\u4e2d\u5e8f\u53f7\u4e3a3\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;\u8868\u540d&nbsp;-D&nbsp;\u94fe\u540d&nbsp;\u89c4\u5219\u5e8f\u53f7\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-D&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;3<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6309\u7167\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u52a8\u4f5c\u5220\u9664\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u8868\u793a\u5220\u9664filter\u8868\u4e2dINPUT\u94fe\u4e2d\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u4e3a192.168.1.146\u5e76\u4e14\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e3aDROP\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;\u8868\u540d&nbsp;-D&nbsp;\u94fe\u540d&nbsp;\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6&nbsp;-j&nbsp;\u52a8\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-D&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROP<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\uff0c-F\u9009\u9879\u8868\u793a\u6e05\u7a7a\u5bf9\u5e94\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;\u8868\u540d&nbsp;-F&nbsp;\u94fe\u540d\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-F&nbsp;INPUT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">\u4fee\u6539\u89c4\u5219<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c-R \u9009\u9879\u8868\u793a\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u5e94\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 -R \u9009\u9879\u65f6\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u94fe\u4ee5\u53ca\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5e8f\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u539f\u672c\u7684\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u53ef\u7701\u7565\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u8868\u793a\u4fee\u6539filter\u8868\u4e2dINPUT\u94fe\u7684\u7b2c3\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4fee\u6539\u4e3aACCEPT\uff0c -s 192.168.1.146\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u539f\u672c\u7684\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7701\u7565\u6b64\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u4e3a0.0.0.0\/0\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;\u8868\u540d&nbsp;-R&nbsp;\u94fe\u540d&nbsp;\u89c4\u5219\u5e8f\u53f7&nbsp;\u89c4\u5219\u539f\u672c\u7684\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6&nbsp;-j&nbsp;\u52a8\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-R&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;3&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6307\u5b9a\u8868\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u94fe\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u52a8\u4f5c\uff09\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>\u547d\u4ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;\u8868\u540d&nbsp;-P&nbsp;\u94fe\u540d&nbsp;\u52a8\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b\uff1aiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-P&nbsp;FORWARD&nbsp;ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">\u4fdd\u5b58\u89c4\u5219<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4fee\u6539\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u6c38\u4e45\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\u4fdd\u5b58\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>service&nbsp;iptables&nbsp;save<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8bef\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e86\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528 service iptables restart \u547d\u4ee4\u91cd\u542f iptables \u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u518d\u6b21\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u6b21\u4fdd\u5b58 \/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables \u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u7684\u6a21\u6837\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">centos7 \u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528 init \u98ce\u683c\u7684\u811a\u672c\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 unit \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728 centos7 \u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c service iptables start \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 service iptables save \u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728 centos7\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 firewall \u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u7684 iptables service\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u8981\u901a\u8fc7 yum \u6e90\u5b89\u88c5 iptables\u4e0eiptables-services \u5373\u53ef\uff08iptables \u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u88ab\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4f46\u662fiptables-services \u5728 centos7 \u4e2d\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\uff09\uff0c\u5728centos7 \u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c iptables-services \u540e\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u50cf centos6 \u4e2d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 service iptables save \u547d\u4ee4\u4fdd\u5b58\u89c4\u5219\u4e86\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u540c\u6837\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728 \/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u6b64\u5904\u7ed9\u51fa centos7 \u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e iptables-service \u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>#\u914d\u7f6e\u597dyum\u6e90\u4ee5\u540e\u5b89\u88c5iptables-serviceyum&nbsp;install&nbsp;-y&nbsp;iptables-services#\u505c\u6b62firewalldsystemctl&nbsp;stop&nbsp;firewalld#\u7981\u6b62firewalld\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8systemctl&nbsp;disable&nbsp;firewalld#\u542f\u52a8iptablessystemctl&nbsp;start&nbsp;iptables#\u5c06iptables\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u5373\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7iptables-service\u63a7\u5236iptables\u670d\u52a1systemctl&nbsp;enable&nbsp;iptables<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u5373\u53ef\u5728 centos7 \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 service iptables save \u547d\u4ee4\u4fdd\u5b58 iptables \u89c4\u5219\u4e86\u3002<\/span>  <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fdd\u5b58 iptables \u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 iptables-save \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 iptables-save \u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f53\u524d\u7684 iptables \u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7684 iptables \u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u201d\u4fdd\u5b58\u540e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u201d\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 iptables-save \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u518d\u914d\u5408\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u5c06\u89c4\u5219\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230 \/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>iptables-save&nbsp;&amp;gt;&nbsp;\/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">\u52a0\u8f7d\u89c4\u5219<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 \/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables \u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u8f7d\u5165\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u7684iptables \u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u672a\u4fdd\u5b58\u5165 \/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5c06\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u8005\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u4f7f\u7528 iptables-restore \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u91cd\u8f7d\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>iptables-restore&nbsp;&lt;h2 style=\"margin-top: 30px;margin-bottom: 15px;outline: 0px;font-weight: bold;font-size: 1.3em;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-size-adjust: auto;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(239, 112, 96);font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, \" pingfang sc cambria cochin georgia times new roman serif left rgb&gt;&lt;span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;outline: 0px;display: inline-block;background-color: rgb(239, 112, 96);color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px;\"&gt;\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/h2&gt;&lt;section style=\"padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-size-adjust: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, \" pingfang sc cambria cochin georgia times new roman serif left rgb&gt;&lt;span style=\"outline: 0px;font-size: 17px;\"&gt;&lt;strong style=\"outline: 0px;\"&gt;\u5f53\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b58\u5728\u201d\u4e0e\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u62a5\u6587\u5fc5\u987b\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3\u6240\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u3002&lt;\/strong&gt;&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/section&gt;&lt;section style=\"padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-size-adjust: auto;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, \" pingfang sc cambria cochin georgia times new roman serif left rgb&gt;&lt;span style=\"outline: 0px;font-size: 17px;\"&gt;-s \u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740,\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2aIP\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u3002&lt;\/span&gt;&lt;\/section&gt;&lt;pre class=\"brush:php;toolbar:false;\"&gt;#\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0biptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.111,192.168.1.118&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROPiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.0\/24&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;!&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.0\/24&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">-d \u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740,\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a IP \u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\u3002<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0biptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-d&nbsp;192.168.1.111,192.168.1.118&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROPiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-d&nbsp;192.168.1.0\/24&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;!&nbsp;-d&nbsp;192.168.1.0\/24&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">-p \u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b,\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b tcp\u3001udp\u3001udplite\u3001icmp\u3001esp\u3001ah\u3001sctp \u7b49\uff08centos7 \u4e2d\u8fd8\u652f\u6301 icmpv6\u3001mh\uff09\u3002<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0biptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;!&nbsp;-p&nbsp;udp&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">-i \u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u662f\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u63a5\u53e3\u6d41\u5165\u672c\u673a\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u6d41\u5165\u7684\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728 OUTPUT \u94fe\u4e0e POSTROUTING \u94fe\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0biptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;-i&nbsp;eth4&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROPiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;!&nbsp;-i&nbsp;eth4&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROP<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">-o \u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u5c06\u8981\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\u63a5\u53e3\u6d41\u51fa\u672c\u673a\uff0c\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u6d41\u51fa\u7684\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728 INPUT \u94fe\u4e0e PREROUTING \u94fe\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0biptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;-o&nbsp;eth4&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROPiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;!&nbsp;-o&nbsp;eth4&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROP<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">tcp\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u2013sport\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d tcp \u534f\u8bae\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5192\u53f7\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013dport\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d tcp \u534f\u8bae\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5192\u53f7\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013tcp-flags\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u7684tcp\u5934\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u2013syn\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d tcp \u65b0\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u2013tcp-flags SYN,RST,ACK,FIN SYN<\/span> <span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c-p tcp\u4e0e -m tcp \u5e76\u4e0d\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c-p \u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c-m \u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u4e5f\u53eb tcp\u3002<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0biptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-d&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--sport&nbsp;22&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;22:25&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;:22&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;80:&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-d&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;!&nbsp;--sport&nbsp;22&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;22&nbsp;--tcp-flags&nbsp;SYN,ACK,FIN,RST,URG,PSH&nbsp;SYN&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--sport&nbsp;22&nbsp;--tcp-flags&nbsp;SYN,ACK,FIN,RST,URG,PSH&nbsp;SYN,ACK&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;22&nbsp;--tcp-flags&nbsp;ALL&nbsp;SYN&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--sport&nbsp;22&nbsp;--tcp-flags&nbsp;ALL&nbsp;SYN,ACK&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;22&nbsp;--syn&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">udp \u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u2013sport\uff1a\u5339\u914dudp\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013dport\uff1a\u5339\u914dudp\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8biptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;udp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;udp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;137&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;udp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;udp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;137:157&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">icmp \u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u2013icmp-type\uff1a\u5339\u914dicmp\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8biptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;--icmp-type&nbsp;8\/0&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;--icmp-type&nbsp;8&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;--icmp-type&nbsp;0\/0&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;--icmp-type&nbsp;0&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;--icmp-type&nbsp;\"echo-request\"&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">multiport \u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>-p tcp -m multiport \u2013sports \u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u79bb\u6563\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7,\u7aef\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u201d\u9017\u53f7\u201d\u9694\u5f00\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>-p udp -m multiport \u2013dports \u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u79bb\u6563\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u201d\u9017\u53f7\u201d\u9694\u5f00\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0biptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-d&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-p&nbsp;udp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;multiport&nbsp;--sports&nbsp;137,138&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;multiport&nbsp;--dports&nbsp;22,80&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;multiport&nbsp;!&nbsp;--dports&nbsp;22,80&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;multiport&nbsp;--dports&nbsp;80:88&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECTiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-s&nbsp;192.168.1.146&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;multiport&nbsp;--dports&nbsp;22,80:88&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">iprange \u6a21\u5757<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u2013src-range\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013dst-range\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8biptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-m&nbsp;iprange&nbsp;--src-range&nbsp;192.168.1.127-192.168.1.146&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROPiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-m&nbsp;iprange&nbsp;--dst-range&nbsp;192.168.1.127-192.168.1.146&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROPiptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-m&nbsp;iprange&nbsp;!&nbsp;--src-range&nbsp;192.168.1.127-192.168.1.146&nbsp;-j&nbsp;DROP<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236    <\/p>\n<pre>\u725b\u903c\u554a\uff01\u63a5\u79c1\u6d3b\u5fc5\u5907\u7684&nbsp;N&nbsp;\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\uff01\u8d76\u5feb\u6536\u85cf<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">string \u6a21\u5757<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5e38\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u2013algo\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5339\u914d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e3abm\u3001kmp\uff0c\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u4e3a\u5fc5\u9700\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013string\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u201dOOXX\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u62d2\u7edd\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u5165\u672c\u673a\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8b\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-m&nbsp;string&nbsp;--algo&nbsp;bm&nbsp;--string&nbsp;\"OOXX\"&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">time \u6a21\u5757<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5e38\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u2013timestart\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u53cd\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013timestop\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u53cd\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013weekdays\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u201d\u661f\u671f\u51e0\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u53d6\u53cd\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013monthdays\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u201d\u51e0\u53f7\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u53d6\u53cd\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013datestart\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u65e5\u671f\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u53cd\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013datestop\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u65e5\u671f\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u53cd\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8b\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;80&nbsp;-m&nbsp;time&nbsp;--timestart&nbsp;09:00:00&nbsp;--timestop&nbsp;19:00:00&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;443&nbsp;-m&nbsp;time&nbsp;--timestart&nbsp;09:00:00&nbsp;--timestop&nbsp;19:00:00&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;80&nbsp;&nbsp;-m&nbsp;time&nbsp;--weekdays&nbsp;6,7&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;80&nbsp;&nbsp;-m&nbsp;time&nbsp;--monthdays&nbsp;22,23&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;80&nbsp;&nbsp;-m&nbsp;time&nbsp;!&nbsp;--monthdays&nbsp;22,23&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;80&nbsp;&nbsp;-m&nbsp;time&nbsp;--timestart&nbsp;09:00:00&nbsp;--timestop&nbsp;18:00:00&nbsp;--weekdays&nbsp;6,7&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;80&nbsp;&nbsp;-m&nbsp;time&nbsp;--weekdays&nbsp;5&nbsp;--monthdays&nbsp;22,23,24,25,26,27,28&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;OUTPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;80&nbsp;&nbsp;-m&nbsp;time&nbsp;--datestart&nbsp;2017-12-24&nbsp;--datestop&nbsp;2017-12-27&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">connlimit \u6a21\u5757<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u2013connlimit-above\uff1a\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u9650\u5236\u6bcf\u4e2aIP\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013connlimit-mask\uff1a\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u4e0d\u80fd\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u2013connlimit-above\u9009\u9879\u65f6\uff0c\u914d\u5408\u6b64\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u201d\u67d0\u7c7bIP\u6bb5\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684IP\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4e0a\u6587\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8b\niptables&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;22&nbsp;-m&nbsp;connlimit&nbsp;--connlimit-above&nbsp;2&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT\niptables&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;22&nbsp;-m&nbsp;connlimit&nbsp;--connlimit-above&nbsp;20&nbsp;--connlimit-mask&nbsp;24&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT\niptables&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;22&nbsp;-m&nbsp;connlimit&nbsp;--connlimit-above&nbsp;10&nbsp;--connlimit-mask&nbsp;27&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">limit \u6a21\u5757<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">connlimit \u6a21\u5757\u662f\u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u7684\uff0climit \u6a21\u5757\u662f\u5bf9\u201d\u62a5\u6587\u5230\u8fbe\u901f\u7387\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u7684\u3002\u7528\u5927\u767d\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u9650\u5236\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6d41\u5165\u7684\u5305\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u7528 limit \u6a21\u5757\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u5206\u949f\u3001\u5c0f\u65f6\u3001\u5929\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u2013limit-burst\uff1a\u7c7b\u6bd4\u201d\u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u201d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u4e2d\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013limit\uff1a\u7c7b\u6bd4\u201d\u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u201d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u4ee4\u724c\u7684\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u5355\u4f4d\u6709second\u3001minute \u3001hour\u3001day\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u793a\u4f8b\u8868\u793a\u9650\u5236\u5916\u90e8\u4e3b\u673a\u5bf9\u672c\u673a\u8fdb\u884cping\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u672c\u673a\u6700\u591a\u6bcf6\u79d2\u4e2d\u653e\u884c\u4e00\u4e2aping\u5305<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>#\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u4e24\u6761\u89c4\u5219\u9700\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\n#\u4ee4\u724c\u6876\u4e2d\u6700\u591a\u80fd\u5b58\u653e3\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\uff0c\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u751f\u621010\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\uff08\u53736\u79d2\u949f\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u724c\uff09\u3002\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;limit&nbsp;--limit-burst&nbsp;3&nbsp;--limit&nbsp;10\/minute&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT\n#\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c06icmp\u5305\u4e22\u5f03\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-A&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;icmp&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">state \u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7 http \u7684 url \u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u518d\u901a\u8fc7 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u54cd\u5e94\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e94\u8be5\u7406\u6240\u5e94\u5f53\u7684\u653e\u884c 80 \u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u56de\u5e94\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u653e\u884c\u4e86 80 \u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7 ssh \u5de5\u5177\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u67d0\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684 22 \u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u518d\u901a\u8fc7 22 \u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\u54cd\u5e94\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u6240\u5e94\u5f53\u7684\u653e\u884c\u4e86\u6240\u6709 22 \u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3b\u52a8\u5411 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3b\u52a8\u5411 22 \u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u8fc7 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u6216\u8005 22 \u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u5417\uff1f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e86\u6536\u5230 http \u4e0e ssh \u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u653e\u884c\u4e86 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u4e0e 22 \u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u201d\u54cd\u5e94\u201d\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u201d\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1\u9001\u201d\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed4\u7ec6\u60f3\u60f3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u592a\u5b89\u5168\u5462\uff1f\u6b64\u65f6 state \u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u5c31\u6d3e\u4e0a\u7528\u573a\u4e86\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5bf9\u4e8e state \u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u201d\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a5\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>NEW\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u5c31\u662f NEW\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a NEW\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>ESTABLISHED\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a NEW \u72b6\u6001\u5305\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5305\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a ESTABLISHED\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fde\u63a5\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>RELATED\uff1a\u4ece\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3 RELATED \u8bd1\u4e3a\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 FTP \u670d\u52a1\uff0cFTP \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4f20\u8f93\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7406\u89e3\u6210 state \u4e2d\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u201d\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\uff0c\u6682\u79f0\u4e3a\u201d\u547d\u4ee4\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\uff09\u3002\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d1f\u8d23\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93 (\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6682\u79f0\u4e3a\u201d\u6570\u636e\u8fde\u63a5\u201d)\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u4f20\u8f93\u54ea\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u547d\u4ee4\u53bb\u63a7\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u201d\u6570\u636e\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u4e0e\u201d\u547d\u4ee4\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u662f\u6709\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u201d\u6570\u636e\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f RELATED \u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u62a5\u6587\u4e0e\u201d\u547d\u4ee4\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002(\u6ce8\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5bf9ftp\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u52a0\u8f7d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757 nf_conntrack_ftp\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e \/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables-config \u6587\u4ef6)<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>INVALID\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5c31\u662f INVALID\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52a8\u5c4f\u853d\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a INVALID \u7684\u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>UNTRACKED\uff1a\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a untracked \u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u62a5\u6587\u672a\u88ab\u8ffd\u8e2a\uff0c\u5f53\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a Untracked \u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u521a\u624d\u4e3e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5373\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 state \u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u8981\u653e\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a ESTABLISHED \u7684\u62a5\u6587\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a ESTABLISHED\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u62a5\u6587\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u6709\u56de\u5e94\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u522b\u4eba\u4e3b\u52a8\u53d1\u9001\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>iptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-m&nbsp;state&nbsp;--state&nbsp;ESTABLISHED&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">mangle \u8868<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">mangle \u8868\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u6839\u636e\u89c4\u5219\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5176\u4ed6\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6807\u5fd7\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6216\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u3002mangle \u8868\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b 3 \u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>TOS\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u6539\u53d8\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u8def\u7531\u7b49\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5f97\u4e0d\u6240\u613f\u3002\u5b83\u5728Internet \u4e0a\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f88\u591a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57df\u503c\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53d1\u5f80 Internet \u7684\u5305\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u6253\u7b97\u4f9d\u9760 TOS \u6765\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7528 iproute2\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>TTL\uff1a\u7528\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\u57df\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684 TTL\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6709 \u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b3a\u9a97\u4e00\u4e9bISP\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u6b3a\u9a97\u4ed6\u4eec\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b ISP \u4f1a\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u53f0\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 TTL\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5224\u65ad\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>MARK \u7528\u6765\u7ed9\u5305\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u3002iproute 2\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\uff08\u6216\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u8bb0\uff09 \u51b3\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8def\u7531\u3002\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u8bb0\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5e26\u5bbd\u9650\u5236\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u4f8b\u5982\u5185\u7f51\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7 Linux \u4e3b\u673a\u8fde\u5165 Internet\uff0c\u800c Linux \u4e3b\u673a\u4e0eInternet \u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u6709\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u8def\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002\u73b0\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u5185\u7f51\u8fdb\u884c\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u901a\u8fc7 TCP \u534f\u8bae\u8bbf\u95ee 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u4ece ChinaNet \u7ebf\u8def\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee UDP \u534f\u8bae 53 \u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u90fd\u4ece Cernet \u7ebf\u8def\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/001\/275\/013\/b08108c475963b480d536df27ca067d4-5.png\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe5\" alt=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe5\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u524d\uff0c\u8981\u5148\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u505a\u4e0a\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6307\u5b9a\u76f8\u5e94\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u505a\u4e0a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528mangle \u8868\uff0cmangle \u8868\u5171\u6709 5 \u6761\u94fe\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u524d\u505a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528 PREROUTING \u94fe\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>iptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;mangle&nbsp;-A&nbsp;PREROUTING&nbsp;-i&nbsp;eth0&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;80&nbsp;-j&nbsp;MARK&nbsp;--set-mark&nbsp;1;\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;mangle&nbsp;-A&nbsp;PREROUTING&nbsp;-i&nbsp;eth0&nbsp;-p&nbsp;udp&nbsp;--dprot&nbsp;53&nbsp;-j&nbsp;MARK&nbsp;--set-mark&nbsp;2;<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7ecf\u8fc7 PREROUTING \u94fe\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u7b56\u7565\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>ip&nbsp;rule&nbsp;add&nbsp;from&nbsp;all&nbsp;fwmark&nbsp;1&nbsp;table&nbsp;10\nip&nbsp;rule&nbsp;add&nbsp;from&nbsp;all&nbsp;fwmark&nbsp;2&nbsp;table&nbsp;20<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6807\u5fd7\u662f1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u7531\u8868 10 \u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u6709\u6807\u5fd7\u662f 2 \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u7531\u8868 20 \u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u3002\u8def\u7531\u8868 10 \u548c 20 \u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 ChinaNet \u548c Cernet \u7ebf\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u7f51\u5173\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>ip&nbsp;route&nbsp;add&nbsp;default&nbsp;via&nbsp;10.10.1.1&nbsp;dev&nbsp;eth1&nbsp;table&nbsp;10\nip&nbsp;route&nbsp;add&nbsp;default&nbsp;via&nbsp;10.10.2.1&nbsp;dev&nbsp;eth2&nbsp;table&nbsp;20<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u8def\u7531\u8868 10 \u548c 20 \u4e0a\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 10.10.1.1 \u548c 10.10.2.1 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u4f4d\u4e8e ChinaNet \u548c Cernet \u7ebf\u8def\u4e0a\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u7531\u8868 10 \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7 ChinaNet \u7ebf\u8def\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u7531\u886820\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7 Cernet \u7ebf\u8def\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/span>  <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5f53\u9ed8\u8ba4\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c INPUT \u94fe\u4e2d\u5b58\u653e\u4e86 200 \u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8fd9 200 \u6761\u89c4\u5219\u6709\u9488\u5bf9 httpd \u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9 sshd \u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u79c1\u7f51 IP \u7684\uff0c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u516c\u7f51 IP \u7684\uff0c\u5047\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7a81\u7136\u60f3\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u9488\u5bf9 httpd \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u96be\u9053\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u4ece\u5934\u770b\u4e00\u904d\u8fd9 200 \u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u9488\u5bf9 httpd \u7684\u5417\uff1f\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6240\u4ee5\uff0ciptables \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u5373\u53ef\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u6761\u94fe\uff0c\u94fe\u540d\u53eb IN_WEB\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u9488\u5bf9 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u5199\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u6761\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee5\u540e\u60f3\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u9488\u5bf9 web \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539 IN_WEB \u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u94fe\u4e2d\u6709\u518d\u591a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bb3\u6015\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u9488\u5bf9 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u5b58\u653e\u5728IN_WEB\u94fe\u4e2d\u3002<\/span>  <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe<\/span><\/h3>\n<pre>#\u5728filter\u8868\u4e2d\u521b\u5efaIN_WEB\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-N&nbsp;IN_WEB<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5f15\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe<\/span><\/h3>\n<pre>#\u5728INPUT\u94fe\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u521a\u624d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;80&nbsp;-j&nbsp;IN_WEB<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe<\/span><\/h3>\n<pre>#\u5c06IN_WEB\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e3aWEB\niptables&nbsp;-E&nbsp;IN_WEB&nbsp;WEB<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5220\u9664\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5220\u9664\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u9700\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>1\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>2\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>#\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u6e05\u9664\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-F&nbsp;WEB\n#\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u94fe\niptables&nbsp;-t&nbsp;filter&nbsp;-X&nbsp;WEB<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">LOG \u52a8\u4f5c<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">LOG \u52a8\u4f5c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u5c06\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\/var\/log\/message\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62 iptables \u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\u76f8\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u4fee\u6539 \/etc\/rsyslog.conf \u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u6216\u8005 \/etc\/syslog.conf\uff09\uff0c\u5728 rsyslog \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>kern.warning&nbsp;\/var\/log\/iptables.log<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u542frsyslog\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u6216\u8005syslogd\uff09\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>service&nbsp;rsyslog&nbsp;restart<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">LOG \u52a8\u4f5c\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>\u2013log-level \u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u7ea7\u522b\u6709 emerg\uff0calert\uff0ccrit\uff0cerror\uff0cwarning\uff0cnotice\uff0cinfo\uff0cdebug\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>\u2013log-prefix \u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u6dfb\u52a0\u201d\u6807\u7b7e\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u533a\u5206\u5404\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5728\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u2013log-prefix \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7 29 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u4e3b\u52a8\u8fde\u63a522\u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u8bb0\u5f55\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201dwant-in-from-port-22\u2033,\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/span>   <\/p>\n<pre>iptables&nbsp;-I&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;22&nbsp;-m&nbsp;state&nbsp;--state&nbsp;NEW&nbsp;-j&nbsp;LOG&nbsp;--log-prefix&nbsp;\"want-in-from-port-22\"<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5728IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a 192.168.1.98 \u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528 ssh \u5de5\u5177\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \/var\/log\/iptables.log\uff09\uff1a<\/span><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/001\/275\/013\/b08108c475963b480d536df27ca067d4-6.png\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe6\" alt=\"\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u63d2\u56fe6\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 17px\">\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0cssh \u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u4e86 iptables.log \u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u6761\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u201d\u6807\u7b7e\u201d\uff1awant-in-from-port-22\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201d\u6807\u7b7e\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u7b5b\u9009\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u5f97\u77e5\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6e90IP\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807IP\uff0c\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65e5\u5fd7\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u770b\u51fa\uff0c192.168.1.98 \u8fd9\u4e2a IP \u60f3\u8981\u5728 14\u70b911\u5206 \u8fde\u63a5\u5230 192.168.1.139\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 IP\uff09\u768422\u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u62a5\u6587\u7531eth4\u7f51\u5361\u8fdb\u5165\uff0ceth4 \u7f51\u5361\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u4e3a 00:0c:29:b7:f4:d1\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7f51\u5361\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u4e3a f4:8e:38:82:b1:29\u3002<\/span>  <\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"margin-right: 3px;padding: 3px 10px 1px;border-top-right-radius: 3px;border-top-left-radius: 3px;font-size: 17px\">\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>  <span>https:\/\/www.zsythink.net\/archives\/category\/%e8%bf%90%e7%bb%b4%e7%9b%b8%e5%85%b3\/iptables\/<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>https:\/\/my.oschina.net\/mojiewhy\/blog\/3039897<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>https:\/\/www.frozentux.net\/iptables-tutorial\/cn\/iptables-tutorial-cn-1.1.19.html#MARKTARGET<\/span> <\/li>\n<li>  <span>https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/NOxY4ZC7Cay4LCWlMkVx8A<\/span> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6 IPtables\uff01\u4f60\u7b97\u5565\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\uff01\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff08conntrack\uff09 \u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cKubernetes Service\u3001ServiceMesh sidecar\u3001 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u56db\u5c42\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668 LVS\/IPVS\u3001Docker network\u3001OVS\u3001iptables \u4e3b\u673a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u529f\u80fd\u3002 \u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff0c\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff08\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002&nbsp;\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u56fe 1.1 \u662f\u4e00\u53f0 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e3a 10.1.1.2 \u7684 Linux 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