{"id":16601,"date":"2024-11-18T11:47:22","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:47:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16601\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T11:47:22","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:47:22","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8nginx%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8chttp%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7%e5%8a%a0%e5%9b%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16601\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u52a0\u56fa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6807\u9898\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u884chttp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u52a0\u56fa<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a<br \/>\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6210\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u969c\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u52a0\u56fa\u6211\u4eec\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u6765\u52a0\u56faHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Nginx:<br \/>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Nginx\u3002\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install nginx<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u542f\u52a8Nginx\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo service nginx start<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u914d\u7f6eHTTPS\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<br \/>\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u52a0\u56fa\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6eHTTPS\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7533\u8bf7\u514d\u8d39\u7684SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u6765\u542f\u7528HTTPS\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u914d\u7f6eNginx\u652f\u6301HTTPS\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>server {\n    listen 443 ssl;\n    server_name example.com;\n   \n    ssl_certificate \/etc\/nginx\/cert\/server.crt;\n    ssl_certificate_key \/etc\/nginx\/cert\/server.key;\n   \n    location \/ {\n        ...\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u8def\u5f84\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528HTTP\u9650\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<br \/>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u7684&#8221;limit_except&#8221;\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u9650\u5236\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7684HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>location \/ {\n    limit_except GET POST {\n        deny all;\n    }\n    ...\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8GET\u548cPOST\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\uff1a<br \/>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8fc7\u9ad8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>client_max_body_size 10m;\nclient_body_buffer_size 128k;<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a10MB\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a128KB\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e94\u3001\u542f\u7528SSL\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<br \/>\u542f\u7528SSL\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;\nssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u542f\u7528TLSv1.2\u548cTLSv1.3\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u516d\u3001\u542f\u7528HTTP\u5b89\u5168\u5934\u90e8\uff1a<br \/>\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684HTTP\u5b89\u5168\u5934\u90e8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u8bb8\u591a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>add_header X-Frame-Options \"SAMEORIGIN\";\nadd_header X-XSS-Protection \"1; mode=block\";\nadd_header X-Content-Type-Options \"nosniff\";<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u542f\u7528X-Frame-Options\u3001X-XSS-Protection\u548cX-Content-Type-Options\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<br \/>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Nginx\u6765\u52a0\u56faHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u914d\u7f6eHTTPS\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u9650\u5236HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\u3001\u542f\u7528SSL\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\u548cHTTP\u5b89\u5168\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u9632\u6b62Web\u653b\u51fb\u5e76\u4fdd\u969c\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nginx Documentation: https:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/docs\/<\/li>\n<li>Nginx Security Best Practices: https:\/\/www.nginx.com\/blog\/preventing-a-nginx-hack\/<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u52a0\u56fa\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6807\u9898\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u884chttp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u52a0\u56fa \u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6210\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u969c\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u52a0\u56fa\u6211\u4eec\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u6765\u52a0\u56faHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Nginx:\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Nginx\u3002\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install nginx \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u542f\u52a8Nginx\u670d\u52a1\uff1a sudo service nginx start \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e8c\u3001\u914d\u7f6eHTTPS\u534f\u8bae\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u52a0\u56fa\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6eHTTPS\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7533\u8bf7\u514d\u8d39\u7684SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u6765\u542f\u7528HTTPS\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u914d\u7f6eNginx\u652f\u6301HTTPS\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a server { listen 443 ssl; server_name example.com; ssl_certificate \/etc\/nginx\/cert\/server.crt; ssl_certificate_key \/etc\/nginx\/cert\/server.key; location \/ { &#8230; } } \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u8def\u5f84\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528HTTP\u9650\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u7684&#8221;limit_except&#8221;\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u9650\u5236\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7684HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a location \/ { limit_except GET POST { deny all; } &#8230; } \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8GET\u548cPOST\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3002 \u56db\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8fc7\u9ad8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a client_max_body_size 10m; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16601"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16601\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}