{"id":16604,"date":"2024-11-18T14:48:32","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T06:48:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16604\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T14:48:32","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T06:48:32","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8linux%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7%e5%8a%a0%e5%9b%ba%e5%92%8c%e6%bc%8f%e6%b4%9e%e4%bf%ae%e5%a4%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16604\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u52a0\u56fa\u548c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528linux\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u52a0\u56fa\u548c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u52a0\u56fa\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u53d8\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u52a0\u56fa\u548c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u5e03\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u8865\u4e01\u6765\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt update\nsudo apt upgrade<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo service --status-all<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4&#8221;sudo service [service name] stop&#8221;\u53ef\u4ee5\u505c\u6b62\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u505c\u6b62Apache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo service apache2 stop<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002 Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5982iptables\u548cufw\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ufw\uff08Uncomplicated Firewall\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u542f\u7528ufw\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ufw status\nsudo ufw enable<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u5165\u7ad9\u548c\u51fa\u7ad9\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8fde\u63a5\u548cHTTP\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ufw allow ssh\nsudo ufw allow http<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u542f\u7528ufw\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ufw enable<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u4fe1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SSL \/ TLS\u8bc1\u4e66\u6765\u52a0\u5bc6\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u751f\u6210\u81ea\u7b7e\u540d\u7684SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528OpenSSL\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout \/etc\/ssl\/private\/example.key -out \/etc\/ssl\/certs\/example.crt<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u60a8\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5982Apache\u6216Nginx\uff09\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u52a0\u56faSSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>SSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u76ee\u6807\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u52a0\u56faSSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u8f91SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65bd\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>PermitRootLogin no \/\/ \u7981\u6b62root\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\nPasswordAuthentication no \/\/ \u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\nPort [custom port] \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\nProtocol 2 \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528SSH\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c2<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u66f4\u6539\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8SSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo service ssh restart<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u548c\u635f\u574f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d7\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u677e\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u6062\u590d\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982rsync\u6216tar\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528rsync\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo rsync -av --exclude=\/path\/to\/excluded\/folder \/path\/to\/source\/folder \/path\/to\/backup\/folder<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u52a0\u56fa\u548c\u4fee\u590dLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u52a0\u56faSSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u52a0\u56fa\u548c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528linux\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u52a0\u56fa\u548c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d \u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u52a0\u56fa\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u53d8\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u52a0\u56fa\u548c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d\u3002 \u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u5e03\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u8865\u4e01\u6765\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1 Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff1a sudo service &#8211;status-all \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4&#8221;sudo service [service name] stop&#8221;\u53ef\u4ee5\u505c\u6b62\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u505c\u6b62Apache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a sudo service apache2 stop \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002 Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5982iptables\u548cufw\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ufw\uff08Uncomplicated Firewall\uff09\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u542f\u7528ufw\uff1a sudo ufw status sudo ufw enable \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u5165\u7ad9\u548c\u51fa\u7ad9\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8fde\u63a5\u548cHTTP\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a sudo ufw allow ssh sudo ufw allow http \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u542f\u7528ufw\uff1a sudo ufw enable \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u4fe1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16604"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16604\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}