{"id":16620,"date":"2024-11-18T11:34:26","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:34:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16620\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T11:34:26","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:34:26","slug":"%e6%b1%87%e6%80%bb%ef%bc%9a20%e4%b8%aa-linux-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e8%b0%83%e4%bc%98%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16620\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6c47\u603b\uff1a20\u4e2a Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u6280\u5de7"},"content":{"rendered":"


\n\"\u6c47\u603b\uff1a20\u4e2a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong> <\/p>\n

Linux\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u5404\u79cd\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5168\u7403\u77e5\u540d\uff0c\u5b83\u548cWindows\u4e4b\u95f4\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5728\u4e8e\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9bGUI(\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762)\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u9ad8\u6548\u5904\u7406\u975e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5904\u7406\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u624d\u662f\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Linux\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u96c6\u7fa4\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u8ba9IT\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5bb9\u5e94\u5bf9\u8bb8\u591a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u670d\u52a1\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4e2d\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u5982Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u5206\u652f\u673a\u6784\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0cCMS\u6216CRS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668(\u4e3aWindows\u548c\/\u6216Linux\u7528\u6237\u670d\u52a1)\uff0cVoIP\u7535\u8bdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u90ae\u4ef6\u6216\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u8282\u70b9\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

Linux\u529f\u80fd\u4e30\u5bcc\u3001\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u5b8c\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4e9b\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

0<\/strong>1<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\n\u4e3a\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u8c03\u6574Linux\u5185\u6838\u7535\u68af\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u6838\u548c\u6302\u8f7d\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u7535\u68af\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574\u7535\u68af\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e73\u8861\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8bfb\u548c\u5199\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

0<\/strong>2<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\n\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


\u6bcf\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u90fd\u8fd0\u884c\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u5177\u6709\u8bbd\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u6d88\u8017\u4e86\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u548cCPU\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f6e\u4e8e\u5371\u9669\u5883\u5730\uff0c\u591a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5c31\u7b49\u4e8e\u591a\u5411\u9ed1\u5ba2\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u6247\u957f\u9a71\u76f4\u5165\u7684\u95e8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79fb\u9664\uff0c\u7981\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u6700\u5927\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11CPU\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c\u7981\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u5904\u662f\u589e\u5f3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d8a\u5c11\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ef\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u5229\u7528\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u8d8a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u7981\u7528\u7684Linux\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\uff1a<\/strong>
<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u5e8f\u53f7    \u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b    \u63cf\u8ff0
1    Apmd    \u9ad8\u7ea7\u7535\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b
2    Nfslock    \u7528\u4e8eNFS\u6587\u4ef6\u9501\u5b9a
3    Isdn    ISDN Moderm\u652f\u6301
4    Autofs    \u5728\u540e\u53f0\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf(\u5982\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7dCD-ROM)
5    Sendmail    \u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u4ee3\u7406
6    Xfs    X Window\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

0<\/strong>3<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\n\u5173\u6389GUI<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


\u4e00\u822c\u8bf4\u6765\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981GUI\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u597d\u5173\u6389GUI\uff0c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411X\u663e\u793a\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2aWeb\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u754c\u9762\u663e\u793a\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7981\u7528GUI\uff0c\u201cinit level(\u542f\u52a8\u7ea7\u522b)\u201d\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a3(\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u767b\u5f55)\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f5(\u56fe\u5f62\u767b\u5f55)\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981GUI\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u8fd0\u884cstartx\u8fdb\u5165\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

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0<\/strong>4<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\n\u6e05\u7406\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\u6709\u592a\u591a\u88ab\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u6a21\u5757\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684(\u5982Apache\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757)\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u67e5\u770bApache\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u786e\u5b9aFrontPage\u652f\u6301\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u8981\u7528\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u6beb\u4e0d\u72b9\u8c6b\u5730\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7981\u7528\u6389\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u7528\u91cf\uff0c\u817e\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u8d44\u6e90\u7ed9\u90a3\u4e9b\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd0\u884c\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

0<\/strong>5<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\n\u7981\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\uff0c\u5982Cpanel\uff0cPlesk\uff0cWebmin\u548cphpMyAdmin\u7b49\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u6bcf\u4e2aLinux\u521d\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u5f88\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7981\u7528\u6389\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u5927\u7ea6120MB\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u7981\u7528\u6389\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5b83\u4eec\u771f\u7684\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7PHP\u811a\u672c(\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168)\uff0c\u6216\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u540e\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u5927\u7ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0b\u964d30-40%\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

06<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u6539\u5584Linux Exim\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6539\u5584\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684Exim\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528DNS\u7f13\u5b58\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u89e3\u6790DNS\u8bb0\u5f55\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u548cCPU\u65f6\u95f4\uff0cDNS\u7f13\u5b58\u901a\u8fc7\u6d88\u9664\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u67e5\u627eDNS\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6539\u5584\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\uff0cDjbdns\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709DNS\u7f13\u5b58\u529f\u80fd\uff0cDjbdns\u6bd4BIND DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7http:\/\/cr.yp.to\/\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u6216\u901a\u8fc7Red Hat\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u83b7\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

0<\/strong>7<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\n\u4f7f\u7528AES256\u589e\u5f3agpg\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u5bc6\u5b89\u5168<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u8bb8\u591aLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528gpg\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528gpg\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u6307\u5b9agpg\u4f7f\u7528AES256\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0cAES256\u4f7f\u7528256\u4f4d\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u5c40(NSA)\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4fdd\u62a4\u7edd\u5bc6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6bd4\u5b83\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4e86\u3002
<\/span><\/p>\n

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0<\/strong>8<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\n\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5b89\u5168<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u90fd\u5bb3\u6015\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a(\u9ed1\u5ba2)\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ece\u5907\u4efd\u6062\u590d\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6100%\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u516c\u53f8\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528scp\u811a\u672c\u6216RSYNC\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u5165\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u670d\u52a1\u5f3a\u58ee\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eb2\u81ea\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

0<\/strong>9<\/strong><\/span><\/span>
\n\u66f4\u65b0\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


\u4e3a\u4e86\u987a\u5229\u548c\u6210\u529f\u8fd0\u884c\u4f01\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c2.4.x\u7cfb\u5217\u5185\u6838\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u53c2\u6570msgmni\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6216shmmax\u5728Red Hat\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u670933554432\u5b57\u8282)\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8fd0\u884c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u503c(\u6765\u81eaIBM DB2\u652f\u6301\u7f51\u7ad9)\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

kernel.shmmax=268435456 (32\u4f4d) kernel.shmmax=1073741824 (64\u4f4d) kernel.msgmni=1024 fs.file-max=8192 kernel.sem=\u201d250 32000 32 1024\u2033
<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

10<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u4f18\u5316TCP<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


\u4f18\u5316TCP\u534f\u8bae\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u541e\u5410\u91cf\uff0c\u8de8\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4\u8d8a\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u8d8a\u5927\u7684TCP Linux\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\uff0cTCP Linux\u5927\u5c0f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u53d1\u9001\u4e3b\u673a\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u786e\u8ba4\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u63a5\u6536\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

11<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u9009\u62e9\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528ext4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d6\u4ee3ext3
<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    Ext4\u662fext3\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u7248\uff0c\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u9650\u5236<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5b83\u5177\u6709\u65e5\u5fd7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027(\u5728\u975e\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5728\u975e\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u548c\u91cd\u542f\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8(\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u5199\u5165\u901f\u5ea6\uff0cext4\u65e5\u5fd7\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u786c\u76d8\u78c1\u5934\u52a8\u4f5c
    <\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    <\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    12<\/strong><\/span>
    \n\u4f7f\u7528noatime\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6302\u8f7d\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


    \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6fstab\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528noatime\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5916\u90e8\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6302\u8f7d\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u6539\u5584\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    13<\/strong><\/span>
    \n\u8c03\u6574Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u9650\u5236<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


    Linux\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9650\u5236\u662f\u6bcf\u8fdb\u7a0b1024\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u963b\u788d\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef(\u5982httperf\u548capachebench)\u548cWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672c\u8eab\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u4f73\u6027\u80fd\uff0cApache\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u5355\u8fdb\u7a0bWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5982Zeus\u662f\u6bcf\u8fde\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9650\u5236\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u9650\u5236\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528ulimit\u547d\u4ee4\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0culimit -aS\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0culimit -aH\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u786c\u9650\u5236(\u5728\u672a\u8c03\u6574\/proc\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u9650\u5236)\u3002<\/p>\n

    Linux\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd\u6280\u5de7<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e00\u6837\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u8fd0\u884c\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    14<\/strong><\/span>
    \n\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6eMySQL<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


    \u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9MySQL\u5206\u914d\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6eMySQL\u7f13\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u8981\u662fMySQL\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5c31\u51cf\u5c11\u7f13\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982\u679cMySQL\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u589e\u591a\u65f6\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u52a8\uff0c\u5c31\u589e\u52a0MySQL\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    15<\/strong><\/span>
    \n\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6eApache<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


    \u68c0\u67e5Apache\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u518d\u8c03\u6574StartServers\u548cMinSpareServers\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f60\u8282\u770130-40%\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    16<\/strong><\/span>
    \n\u5206\u6790Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


    \u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6548\u7387\u6700\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4f53\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u6389\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u74f6\u9888\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u25cf \u5f53\u5927\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982OpenOffice\u548cFirefox\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u53d8\u6162\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u51e0\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u25cf \u5982\u679c\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u6162\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521d\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u542f\u52a8\u597d\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u5c31\u6b63\u5e38\u4e86\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u786c\u76d8\u592a\u6162\u4e86\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5c0f\u4e50\u540e\u53f0\u56de\u590d\u201c\u8d5a\u94b1\u201d\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4efd\u60ca\u559c\u793c\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u25cfCPU\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6301\u7eed\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u591f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46CPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528CPU\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u76d1\u63a7\u8d1f\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/p>\n

    17<\/strong><\/span>
    \n\u5b66\u4e605\u4e2aLinux\u6027\u80fd\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


    \u4f7f\u7528\u51e0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u4e865\u4e2a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u6027\u80fd\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5305\u62ectop\u3001vmstat\u3001iostat\u3001free\u548csar\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5feb\u901f\u89e3\u51b3\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

    01  top<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Top\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u5185\u6838\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd8\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e3b\u673a\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u6bcf\u96945\u79d2\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\u663e\u793a\u7684\u6570\u636e(\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u7684)\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7top\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u77e5\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u591aCPU\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b(\u5305\u62ec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u8fd0\u884c\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7b49)\u3002<\/p>\n

    02  vmstat<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Vmstat\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f53\u524dCPU\u3001IO\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7684\u5feb\u7167\uff0c\u5b83\u548ctop\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\uff1a
    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \n

    $ vmstat 10
    <\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n


    03  iostat<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Iostat\u547d\u4ee4(\u5728Ubuntu\uff0cRed Hat\/Fedora\u4e0a\u5305\u542b\u5728sysstat\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d)\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e09\u4e2a\u62a5\u544a\uff1aCPU\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u5229\u7528\u7387\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5229\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u4e0d\u52a0\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0ciostat\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528-c\uff0c-d\u548c-h\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u72ec\u7acb\u663e\u793a\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n

    04   free<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Free\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u4e3b\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a-t\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u603b\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a-b\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528-m\u5219\u4ee5\u5146\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u4ee5\u5343\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    Free\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528-s\u53c2\u6570\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6\u95f4(\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u79d2)\u8fde\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5982\uff1a
    <\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    \n

    $ free -s 5
    <\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    <\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

    05  sar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    Sar\u547d\u4ee4\u6536\u96c6\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u6027\u80fd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6bd4\u524d\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u66f4\u60a0\u4e45\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u663e\u793a\u8f83\u957f\u5468\u671f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5176\u5b83<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n

    <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    18<\/strong><\/span>
    \n\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


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    <\/span><\/p>\n

    19<\/strong><\/span>
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    <\/span><\/p>\n

    20<\/strong><\/span>
    \n\u4e00\u822c\u8c03\u4f18\u6280\u5de7<\/strong><\/span> <\/p>\n


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