{"id":16681,"date":"2024-11-18T08:38:30","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T00:38:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16681\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T08:38:30","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T00:38:30","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8nginx%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8e%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e8%a7%92%e8%89%b2%e7%9a%84%e8%ae%bf%e9%97%ae%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16681\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a<br \/>\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdb\u884c\u89d2\u8272\u4ee5\u53ca\u6743\u9650\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u4ed6\u4eec\u5177\u5907\u6743\u9650\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002Nginx\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528nginx\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001Nginx\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e<br \/>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728Nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6253\u5f00Nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u662f\/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\uff09\uff0c\u627e\u5230http\u5757\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>http {\n    ...\n    # \u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\n    include \/etc\/nginx\/user_roles.conf;\n\n    # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\n    location \/ {\n        deny all;\n    }\n\n    # \u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\n    location \/static\/ {\n        alias \/path\/to\/static\/files\/;\n    }\n\n    # \u52a8\u6001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee3\u7406\n    location \/dynamic\/ {\n        proxy_pass http:\/\/localhost:8000;\n        # \u5176\u4ed6proxy\u76f8\u5173\u914d\u7f6e\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u522b\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee3\u7406\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6user_roles.conf\uff0c\u5728\/etc\/nginx\/\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>user john: editor;\nuser alice: admin;<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u7528\u6237john\u548calice\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89d2\u8272\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<br \/>Nginx\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<br \/>Nginx\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a$remote_user\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff08\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u83b7\u53d6\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5224\u65ad\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528if\u6307\u4ee4\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>location \/admin\/ {\n    if ($remote_user != \"alice\") {\n        return 403;\n    }\n    # \u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u4ee4\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e0d\u662falice\uff0cNginx\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de403\u9519\u8bef\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\/admin\/\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528Lua\u811a\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<br \/>Nginx\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u5d4c\u5165Lua\u811a\u672c\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5224\u65ad\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199Lua\u811a\u672c\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6user_roles.conf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u7684Lua\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>location \/editor\/ {\n    access_by_lua_block {\n        local roles_file = \"\/etc\/nginx\/user_roles.conf\"\n        local file = io.open(roles_file, \"r\")\n        local roles = file:read(\"*a\")\n        file:close()\n        \n        local current_user = ngx.var.remote_user\n        local role = string.match(roles, current_user .. \": (%a+);\")\n        \n        if role ~= \"editor\" then\n            ngx.exit(ngx.HTTP_FORBIDDEN)\n        end\n    }\n    # \u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u4ee4\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e86user_roles.conf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u4e0d\u662feditor\uff0cNginx\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de403\u9519\u8bef\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\/editor\/\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<br \/>\u901a\u8fc7Nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5982SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u4ee5\u53ca\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7b49\uff0c\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Nginx Documentation: https:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/docs\/<\/li>\n<li>OpenResty Lua Nginx Module Documentation: https:\/\/github.com\/openresty\/lua-nginx-module<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236 \u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdb\u884c\u89d2\u8272\u4ee5\u53ca\u6743\u9650\u7684\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u4ed6\u4eec\u5177\u5907\u6743\u9650\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002Nginx\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528nginx\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u4e00\u3001Nginx\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728Nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6253\u5f00Nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u662f\/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\uff09\uff0c\u627e\u5230http\u5757\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a http { &#8230; # \u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 include \/etc\/nginx\/user_roles.conf; # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee location \/ { deny all; } # \u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1 location \/static\/ { alias \/path\/to\/static\/files\/; } # \u52a8\u6001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee3\u7406 location \/dynamic\/ { proxy_pass http:\/\/localhost:8000; # \u5176\u4ed6proxy\u76f8\u5173\u914d\u7f6e } } \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u522b\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee3\u7406\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6user_roles.conf\uff0c\u5728\/etc\/nginx\/\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a user john: editor; user alice: admin; \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u7528\u6237john\u548calice\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89d2\u8272\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236Nginx\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236Nginx\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a$remote_user\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff08\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u83b7\u53d6\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5224\u65ad\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528if\u6307\u4ee4\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\uff1a location \/admin\/ { if ($remote_user != [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16681","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16681","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16681"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16681\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16681"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16681"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16681"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}