{"id":16694,"date":"2024-11-18T08:21:58","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T00:21:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16694\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T08:21:58","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T00:21:58","slug":"linux%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6%e4%bb%a5%e5%8f%8a%e6%89%8b%e5%8a%a8%e9%87%8a%e6%94%beswap%e5%92%8cbuffer%e5%92%8ccache","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16694\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653eswap\u548cbuffer\u548ccache"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u3001\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58swap\u3001buffer\/cache\u91ca\u653e\u7b49\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5b9e\u64cd\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662flinux\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff1f <\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001linux\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff08swap)\uff1f <\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff1f\u56db\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u91ca\u653eswap\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662flinux\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff1f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u8981\u6bd4\u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u8981\u5feb\u7684\u591a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u90fd\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5c31\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u786c\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5728linux\u4e0b\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5229\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u865a\u62df\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u903b\u8f91\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u7528\u4f5c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08Swap Space\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0clinux\u4f1a\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5c06\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5230\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u5b83\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u4f1a\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u4ece\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u8bfb\u5165\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

Linux\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u5206\u9875\u5b58\u53d6\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5145\u5206\u7684\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c06\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757\u81ea\u52a8\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u7559\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8981\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3linux\u5185\u5b58\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e0b\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n

Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65f6\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u9875\u9762\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u5185\u5b58\uff0cLinux\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6362\u51fa\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u9875\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7b49\u5f85\u4ea4\u6362\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

Linux \u8fdb\u884c\u9875\u9762\u4ea4\u6362\u662f\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u9875\u9762\u5728\u4e0d\u7528\u65f6\u90fd\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff0clinux\u5185\u6838\u6839\u636e\u201d\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9875\u9762\u6587\u4ef6\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u865a\u62df \u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\uff1alinux\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5360\u7528\u5f88\u5927\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u9700 \u8981\u8017\u8d39\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5e38\u7528\u9875\u9762\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5360\u7528\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\uff0c\u521a\u624d\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u9875\u9762 \u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u8fdb\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u523b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5c31\u4f1a\u7a7a\u95f2\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u5728\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u521a\u624d\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u4e86\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d \u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9875\u9762\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6765\u5bb9\u7eb3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9875 \u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53c8\u4f1a\u88ab\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4ea4\u6362\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea4\u6362\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4linux\u51fa\u73b0\u5047\u6b7b\u673a\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5f02\u5e38\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0clinux\u867d \u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u81ea\u884c\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6062\u590d\u540e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1Linux\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684.<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5148\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u53d1\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1b\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5f80\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5199 \u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5148\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u63a5\u6536\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u5199\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u6216\u8005\u7531\u5185\u5b58\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u6027 \u80fd\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5199\u6570\u636e\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6d88\u8017\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cLinux\u5f15\u5165\u4e86buffers\u548c cached\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

buffers\u4e0ecached\u90fd\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf\u66fe\u7ecf\u6253\u5f00\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u5728buffers \u4e0ecached\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u51fa\u4f20\u9001\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u9700\u8981\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u624d\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u64cd \u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f46buffers\u4e0ecached\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5374\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

buffers\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7f13\u51b2\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff08metadata\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca tracking in-flight pages\uff0c\u800ccached\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7ed9\u6587\u4ef6\u505a\u7f13\u51b2\u3002\u66f4\u901a\u4fd7\u4e00\u70b9\u8bf4\uff1abuffers\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u800ccached\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u6765\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5f00\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7vi\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u770b\u770bcached\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6b21vi\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e24\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u6709\u4f55\u5f02\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u5feb\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5462\uff1f\u63a5\u7740\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

find \/ -name .conf\u770b\u770bbuffers\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884cfind\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u4e24\u6b21\u663e\u793a\u901f\u5ea6\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001linux\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff08swap)\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
[root@wenwen ~]# cat \/proc\/sys\/vm\/swappiness\n60<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a60\u4ee3\u8868\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u4f7f\u752840%\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528swap\uff08\u53c2\u8003\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6599\uff1a\u5f53\u5269\u4f59\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4f4e\u4e8e40%\uff0840=100-60\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09swappiness=0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8868\u793a\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u662f swap\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0cswappiness\uff1d100\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8868\u793a\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u4f7f\u7528swap\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u5185\u5b58\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ca\u65f6\u7684\u642c\u8fd0\u5230swap\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cc\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n
\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\u8868\u793a\u8d8a\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528swap\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u4e3a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7981\u6b62\u5bf9swap\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528swap\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff1aswap\u5206\u533a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4e24\u500d \uff08\u5185\u5b58\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e4G\u65f6\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u4e8e4G\uff0cswap\u53ea\u8981\u6bd4\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c31\u884c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5c3d\u91cf\u7684\u5c06swappiness\u8c03\u4f4e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n
B.\u4fee\u6539swappiness\u53c2\u6570<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u4fee\u6539\uff1a\n[root@wenwen ~]# sysctl vm.swappiness=10\nvm.swappiness = 10\n[root@wenwen ~]# cat \/proc\/sys\/vm\/swappiness\n10<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u4fee\u6539\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
[root@wenwen ~]# vim \/etc\/sysctl.conf\n\u52a0\u5165\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\nvm.swappiness = 35\n\u7136\u540e\u5728\u76f4\u63a5\uff1a\n[root@wenwen ~]# sysctl -p \/etc\/sysctl.conf\n\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u751f\u6548\uff1a\ncat \/proc\/sys\/vm\/swappiness\n35<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u7acb\u5373\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u91cd\u542f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u4e00\u822c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7f13\u5b58\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u91ca\u653e\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a0~3\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n
0 \u2013 \u4e0d\u91ca\u653e1 \u2013 \u91ca\u653e\u9875\u7f13\u5b582 \u2013 \u91ca\u653edentries\u548cinodes3 \u2013 \u91ca\u653e\u6240\u6709\u7f13\u5b58<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u64cd\uff1a<\/p>\n
\"Linux\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653eswap\u548cbuffer\u548ccache\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n
\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u591a\u51fa\u6765\u5f88\u591a\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e86\u5427<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u91ca\u653eswap\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u524d\u63d0\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5185\u5b58\u5269\u4f59\u8981\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8eswap\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5b95\u673a\uff01\u6839\u636e\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff0cswap\u5206\u533a\u4e00\u65e6\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b58\u653e\u5728swap\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u4f1a\u8f6c\u5b58\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0a\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u65b0\u6302\u8f7dswap\u5206\u533a\u5b8c\u6210\u91ca\u653eswap\u3002<\/p>\n
a.\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dswap\u5206\u533a\u6302\u8f7d\u5728\u54ea\uff1fb.\u5173\u505c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u533ac.\u67e5\u770b\u72b6\u6001\uff1ad.\u67e5\u770bswap\u5206\u533a\u662f\u5426\u5173\u505c\uff0c\u6700\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u884c\u663e\u793a\u5168e.\u5c06swap\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\/dev\/sda5\u4e0af.\u67e5\u770b\u6302\u8f7d\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f<\/p>\n
\"Linux\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653eswap\u548cbuffer\u548ccache\u63d2\u56fe1\"<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653eswap\u548cbuffer\u548ccache\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u3001\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58swap\u3001buffer\/cache\u91ca\u653e\u7b49\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5b9e\u64cd\u3002  \u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662flinux\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff1f  \u4e8c\u3001linux\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff08swap)\uff1f  \u4e09\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff1f\u56db\u3001\u600e\u4e48\u91ca\u653eswap\uff1f \u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662flinux\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff1f \u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u8981\u6bd4\u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u8981\u5feb\u7684\u591a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u90fd\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5f15\u51fa\u4e86\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 \u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5c31\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u786c\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5728linux\u4e0b\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5229\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u865a\u62df\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u903b\u8f91\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u7528\u4f5c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08Swap Space\uff09\u3002 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0clinux\u4f1a\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5c06\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5230\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u5b83\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u4f1a\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u4ece\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u8bfb\u5165\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002 Linux\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u5206\u9875\u5b58\u53d6\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5145\u5206\u7684\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c06\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757\u81ea\u52a8\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u7559\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002 \u8981\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3linux\u5185\u5b58\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e0b\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65f6\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u9875\u9762\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5\u9700\u8981\u5185\u5b58\uff0cLinux\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea4\u6362\u51fa\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u9875\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7b49\u5f85\u4ea4\u6362\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 Linux \u8fdb\u884c\u9875\u9762\u4ea4\u6362\u662f\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u9875\u9762\u5728\u4e0d\u7528\u65f6\u90fd\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff0clinux\u5185\u6838\u6839\u636e\u201d\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9875\u9762\u6587\u4ef6\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u865a\u62df \u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\uff1alinux\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5360\u7528\u5f88\u5927\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u9700 \u8981\u8017\u8d39\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5e38\u7528\u9875\u9762\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5360\u7528\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\uff0c\u521a\u624d\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u9875\u9762 \u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u8fdb\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u523b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5c31\u4f1a\u7a7a\u95f2\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u5728\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u521a\u624d\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u4e86\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d \u7528\u62c5\u5fc3\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002 \u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u9875\u9762\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u88ab\u4ea4\u6362\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6765\u5bb9\u7eb3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9875 \u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53c8\u4f1a\u88ab\u9a6c\u4e0a\u4ea4\u6362\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ea4\u6362\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4linux\u51fa\u73b0\u5047\u6b7b\u673a\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5f02\u5e38\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0clinux\u867d \u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u81ea\u884c\u6062\u590d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6062\u590d\u540e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u4e86\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1Linux\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684. \u5728Linux 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\u4e0ecached\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u51fa\u4f20\u9001\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u9700\u8981\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u624d\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u64cd \u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f46buffers\u4e0ecached\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5374\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002 buffers\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7f13\u51b2\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u505a\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff08metadata\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca tracking in-flight pages\uff0c\u800ccached\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7ed9\u6587\u4ef6\u505a\u7f13\u51b2\u3002\u66f4\u901a\u4fd7\u4e00\u70b9\u8bf4\uff1abuffers\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u800ccached\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u6765\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5f00\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002 \u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7vi\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u770b\u770bcached\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6b21vi\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e24\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u6709\u4f55\u5f02\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u5feb\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5462\uff1f\u63a5\u7740\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a find \/ -name .conf\u770b\u770bbuffers\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5426\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884cfind\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u4e24\u6b21\u663e\u793a\u901f\u5ea6\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001linux\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff08swap)\uff1f [root@wenwen ~]# cat \/proc\/sys\/vm\/swappiness 60 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a60\u4ee3\u8868\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u4f7f\u752840%\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528swap\uff08\u53c2\u8003\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6599\uff1a\u5f53\u5269\u4f59\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4f4e\u4e8e40%\uff0840=100-60\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09swappiness=0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8868\u793a\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u662f swap\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0cswappiness\uff1d100\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8868\u793a\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u4f7f\u7528swap\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u5185\u5b58\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ca\u65f6\u7684\u642c\u8fd0\u5230swap\u7a7a\u95f4\u91cc\u9762\u3002 \u503c\u8d8a\u5927\u8868\u793a\u8d8a\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528swap\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u4e3a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7981\u6b62\u5bf9swap\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528swap\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002 \u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff1aswap\u5206\u533a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4e24\u500d \uff08\u5185\u5b58\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e4G\u65f6\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u4e8e4G\uff0cswap\u53ea\u8981\u6bd4\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c31\u884c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5c3d\u91cf\u7684\u5c06swappiness\u8c03\u4f4e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u3002 B.\u4fee\u6539swappiness\u53c2\u6570 \u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u4fee\u6539\uff1a [root@wenwen ~]# sysctl vm.swappiness=10 vm.swappiness = 10 [root@wenwen ~]# cat \/proc\/sys\/vm\/swappiness 10 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 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