{"id":16733,"date":"2024-11-18T09:21:09","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T01:21:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16733\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T09:21:09","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T01:21:09","slug":"centos-7%e4%b8%8b%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%baweb%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%8a%a0%e5%9b%ba%e6%8a%80%e5%b7%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16733\/","title":{"rendered":"CentOS 7\u4e0b\u642d\u5efaweb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u6280\u5de7"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> 7 \u4e0b\u642d\u5efa web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u6280\u5de7<\/p>\n<p>web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fdd\u62a4 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u56fa\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u907f\u514d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e0a\u642d\u5efa web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6<br \/>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u65b0 CentOS 7 \u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>sudo yum update<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1<br \/>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5173\u95ed\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>sudo systemctl list-unit-files --type=service | grep enabled<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u505c\u6b62\u548c\u7981\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 FTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u505c\u6b62\u5e76\u7981\u7528 vsftpd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo systemctl stop vsftpd\nsudo systemctl disable vsftpd<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<br \/>\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 firewalld \u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5141\u8bb8 HTTP \u548c HTTPS \u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u5165\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http\nsudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https\nsudo firewall-cmd --reload<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5141\u8bb8 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u8fdb\u5165\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ssh\nsudo firewall-cmd --reload<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u9650\u5236\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-rich-rule='rule family=\"ipv4\" source address=\"0.0.0.0\/0\" limit value=\"5\/m\" accept'\nsudo firewall-cmd --reload<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u4fe1<br \/>HTTPS \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 SSL \u6216 TLS \u52a0\u5bc6\u673a\u5236\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Certbot \u5de5\u5177\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u751f\u6210\u548c\u914d\u7f6e SSL \u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e Certbot \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Certbot \u548c Certbot Nginx \u63d2\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo yum install certbot python2-certbot-nginx<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u542f\u7528 SSL\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo certbot --nginx<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e Web \u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899<br \/>Web \u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899 (WAF) \u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u963b\u6b62\u9488\u5bf9 web \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e0a\uff0cModSecurity \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684 WAF \u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e ModSecurity \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 ModSecurity \u548c Nginx \u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo yum install mod_security mod_security_crs nginx-mod-http-modsecurity<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u542f\u7528 ModSecurity\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo sed -i 's\/SecRuleEngine DetectionOnly\/SecRuleEngine On\/' \/etc\/httpd\/conf.d\/mod_security.conf<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8 Nginx\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo systemctl restart nginx<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u767b\u5f55\u4fdd\u62a4<br \/>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u767b\u5f55\u9875\u9762\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u767b\u5f55\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u7f16\u8f91 Nginx \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo nano \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5728 &#8220;http&#8221; \u5757\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>map $remote_addr $limited_access {\n    192.168.1.1     '';\n    10.0.0.0\/24     '';\n    default         1;\n}\n\nserver {\n    ...\n    location \/login {\n        deny all;\n        allow $limited_access;\n        auth_basic \"Restricted Access\";\n        auth_basic_user_file \/etc\/nginx\/.htpasswd;\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo htpasswd -c \/etc\/nginx\/.htpasswd username<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8 Nginx\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo systemctl restart nginx<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e0b\u642d\u5efa web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 HTTPS \u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u4fe1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e Web \u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4ee5\u53ca\u914d\u7f6e\u767b\u5f55\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6280\u5de7\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fCentOS 7\u4e0b\u642d\u5efaweb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u6280\u5de7\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>7 \u4e0b\u642d\u5efa web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u6280\u5de7 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fdd\u62a4 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u56fa\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u907f\u514d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e0a\u642d\u5efa web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u65b0 CentOS 7 \u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a sudo yum update \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5173\u95ed\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff1a sudo systemctl list-unit-files &#8211;type=service | grep enabled \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u505c\u6b62\u548c\u7981\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 FTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u505c\u6b62\u5e76\u7981\u7528 vsftpd\uff1a sudo systemctl stop vsftpd sudo systemctl disable vsftpd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5728 CentOS 7 \u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 firewalld \u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a \u5141\u8bb8 HTTP \u548c HTTPS [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16733","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16733","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16733"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16733\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}