{"id":16867,"date":"2024-11-18T11:19:59","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:19:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16867\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T11:19:59","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:19:59","slug":"linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%bc%8f%e6%b4%9e%e5%92%8c%e8%84%86%e5%bc%b1%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%9a%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%e5%92%8c%e5%bb%ba%e8%ae%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16867\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff1a\u6307\u5357\u548c\u5efa\u8bae"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff1a\u6307\u5357\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff1a\u6307\u5357\u548c\u5efa\u8bae<\/p>\n

\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a
\u968f\u7740Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e5f\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6307\u5357\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5e38\u89c1\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff1a
    1.1 \u5f31\u5bc6\u7801\u653b\u51fb\uff1a
    \u5f31\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5165\u4fb5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5f31\u5bc6\u7801\u5305\u62ec\u731c\u6d4b\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u89c1\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7b49\u3002\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u9f13\u52b1\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6362\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    1.2 \u66f4\u65b0\u8865\u4e01\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff1a
    \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8865\u4e01\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u4e0d\u65ad\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u5165\u4fb5\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528apt\u6216yum\u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

    Debian\/Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0<\/h1>\n

    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get upgrade<\/p>\n

    CentOS\/Red Hat\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0<\/h1>\n

    sudo yum update<\/p>\n

    1.3 \u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a
    \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u5f00\u653e\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u7981\u7528\u6216\u5173\u95ed\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7981\u7528Apache\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u5173\u95edFTP\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u7981\u7528Apache\u670d\u52a1\uff08Debian\/Ubuntu\uff09<\/h1>\n

    sudo systemctl disable apache2<\/p>\n

    \u505c\u6b62\u548c\u7981\u7528FTP\u670d\u52a1\uff08CentOS\/Red Hat\uff09<\/h1>\n

    sudo systemctl stop vsftpd
    sudo systemctl disable vsftpd<\/p>\n

    1.4 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a
    \u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6076\u610f\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8bbf\u95ee\uff08\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a22\uff09<\/h1>\n

    sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT<\/p>\n

    \u5176\u4ed6\u89c4\u5219\u8bbe\u7f6e…<\/h1>\n
      \n
    1. \u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a
      2.1 \u4f7f\u7528SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff1a
      \u4f7f\u7528SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6bd4\u5bc6\u7801\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u731c\u6d4b\u6216\u7834\u89e3\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u9f13\u52b1\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u751f\u6210SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff09<\/h1>\n

      ssh-keygen<\/p>\n

      \u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u590d\u5236\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff09<\/h1>\n

      ssh-copy-id user@server_ip<\/p>\n

      \u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7f16\u8f91SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<\/h1>\n

      sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config
      PasswordAuthentication no<\/p>\n

      \u91cd\u542fSSH\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff09<\/h1>\n

      sudo systemctl restart sshd<\/p>\n

      2.2 \u914d\u7f6e\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7b56\u7565\uff1a
      \u914d\u7f6e\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9650\u5236\u8fde\u7eed\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u548c\u9501\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \u9501\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\uff08CentOS\/Red Hat\uff09<\/h1>\n

      sudo yum install fail2ban<\/p>\n

      \u7f16\u8f91Fail2ban\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08CentOS\/Red Hat\uff09<\/h1>\n

      sudo nano \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.local<\/p>\n

      \u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e…<\/h1>\n

      2.3 \u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\uff1a
      \u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6062\u590d\u53d7\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u635f\u574f\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u6062\u590d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528rsync\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \u5c06\u672c\u5730\u76ee\u5f55\u5907\u4efd\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u6bcf\u5929\u6267\u884c\uff09<\/h1>\n

      rsync -avz \/path\/to\/local\/directory\/ user@remote_server:\/path\/to\/remote\/directory\/<\/p>\n

      \u5176\u4ed6\u5907\u4efd\u7b56\u7565…<\/h1>\n

      \u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a
      Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u6742\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u8865\u4e01\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3001\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7b49\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff1a\u6307\u5357\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff1a\u6307\u5357\u548c\u5efa\u8bae \u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u968f\u7740Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e5f\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6307\u5357\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 \u5e38\u89c1\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff1a1.1 \u5f31\u5bc6\u7801\u653b\u51fb\uff1a\u5f31\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5165\u4fb5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5f31\u5bc6\u7801\u5305\u62ec\u731c\u6d4b\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u89c1\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7b49\u3002\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u9f13\u52b1\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6362\u5bc6\u7801\u3002 1.2 \u66f4\u65b0\u8865\u4e01\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8865\u4e01\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u4e0d\u65ad\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u5165\u4fb5\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528apt\u6216yum\u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a Debian\/Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0 sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get upgrade CentOS\/Red Hat\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0 sudo yum update 1.3 \u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u5f00\u653e\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u7981\u7528\u6216\u5173\u95ed\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7981\u7528Apache\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u5173\u95edFTP\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a \u7981\u7528Apache\u670d\u52a1\uff08Debian\/Ubuntu\uff09 sudo systemctl disable apache2 \u505c\u6b62\u548c\u7981\u7528FTP\u670d\u52a1\uff08CentOS\/Red Hat\uff09 sudo systemctl stop vsftpdsudo systemctl disable vsftpd 1.4 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6076\u610f\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a \u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8bbf\u95ee\uff08\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a22\uff09 sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT \u5176\u4ed6\u89c4\u5219\u8bbe\u7f6e… \u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a2.1 \u4f7f\u7528SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6bd4\u5bc6\u7801\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u731c\u6d4b\u6216\u7834\u89e3\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u9f13\u52b1\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a \u751f\u6210SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff09 ssh-keygen \u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u590d\u5236\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff09 ssh-copy-id user@server_ip \u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7f16\u8f91SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff09 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