{"id":16868,"date":"2024-11-18T14:30:38","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T06:30:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16868\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T14:30:38","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T06:30:38","slug":"linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%9aweb%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%e4%bf%9d%e6%8a%a4%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e6%96%b0%e6%8e%a8%e8%8d%90%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16868\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u63a8\u8350\u3002"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/887\/227\/169413833021053.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u63a8\u8350\u3002\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u63a8\u8350\u3002\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u63a8\u8350<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u666e\u53ca\uff0cWeb\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u91c7\u53d6\u6700\u65b0\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528Web\u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff08WAF\uff09<br \/>Web\u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u963b\u6b62\u5bf9Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc7\u6ee4HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d7\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u6076\u610f\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528ModSecurity\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u914d\u7f6eWAF\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5ModSecurity\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt-get install libapache2-modsecurity<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u914d\u7f6eApache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u542f\u7528ModSecurity\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/conf-available\/modsecurity.conf<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>&lt;ifmodule security2_module&gt;\n    SecDataDir \/var\/cache\/modsecurity\n    IncludeOptional \/etc\/modsecurity\/*.conf\n&lt;\/ifmodule&gt;<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u542f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ln -s \/etc\/apache2\/conf-available\/modsecurity.conf \/etc\/apache2\/conf-enabled\/<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u542fApache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236    \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6eSSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6<br \/>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Let&#8217;s Encrypt\u8bc1\u4e66\u6765\u914d\u7f6eSSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5Certbot\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install certbot<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884cCertbot\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo certbot certonly --webroot -w \/var\/www\/html -d example.com<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cexample.com\u5e94\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bc1\u4e66\u751f\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u5230Apache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/example.conf<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u4ee5\u542f\u7528SSL\/TLS\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>SSLEngine on\nSSLCertificateFile \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/example.com\/fullchain.pem\nSSLCertificateKeyFile \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/example.com\/privkey.pem<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u542f\u7528\u7ad9\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo a2ensite example.conf<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u542fApache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236    \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5f3a\u5316\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<br \/>\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528WAF\u548cSSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u5177\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff1a\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u653b\u51fb\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ee5\u4fee\u8865\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u62b5\u5fa1\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3<br \/>\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Web\u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff08WAF\uff09\u3001SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u9632\u6b62Web\u63a5\u53e3\u906d\u53d7\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u65f6\u523b\u5173\u6ce8\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u63a8\u8350\u3002\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u63a8\u8350 \u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u666e\u53ca\uff0cWeb\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u91c7\u53d6\u6700\u65b0\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528Web\u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff08WAF\uff09Web\u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u963b\u6b62\u5bf9Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc7\u6ee4HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d7\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u6076\u610f\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528ModSecurity\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u914d\u7f6eWAF\uff1a \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5ModSecurity\u6a21\u5757\uff1a sudo apt-get install libapache2-modsecurity \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u914d\u7f6eApache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u542f\u7528ModSecurity\uff1a sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/conf-available\/modsecurity.conf \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a &lt;ifmodule security2_module&gt; SecDataDir \/var\/cache\/modsecurity IncludeOptional \/etc\/modsecurity\/*.conf &lt;\/ifmodule&gt; \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u542f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\uff1a sudo ln -s \/etc\/apache2\/conf-available\/modsecurity.conf \/etc\/apache2\/conf-enabled\/ \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u91cd\u542fApache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\uff1a sudo systemctl restart apache2 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u914d\u7f6eSSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Let&#8217;s Encrypt\u8bc1\u4e66\u6765\u914d\u7f6eSSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5Certbot\u5de5\u5177\uff1a sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install certbot \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884cCertbot\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1a sudo certbot certonly &#8211;webroot -w \/var\/www\/html [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16868","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16868"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16868\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16868"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16868"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16868"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}