{"id":16883,"date":"2024-11-18T16:30:33","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T08:30:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16883\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T16:30:33","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T08:30:33","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8linux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e7%bb%b4%e6%8a%a4%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16883\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/465\/014\/169414670810944.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u7ecf\u5e38\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5bf9\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u4fee\u590d\u3002\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528apt-get\u6216yum\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt-get update          # \u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\nsudo apt-get upgrade         # \u66f4\u65b0\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u80fd\u591f\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u51fa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u963b\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<pre># \u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8bbf\u95ee\nsudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT\n\n# \u5141\u8bb8HTTP\u8bbf\u95ee\nsudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT\n\n# \u5141\u8bb8HTTPS\u8bbf\u95ee\nsudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT\n\n# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6d41\u91cf\nsudo iptables -P INPUT DROP<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5141\u8bb8SSH\u3001HTTP\u548cHTTPS\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u800c\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u6781\u5927\u5730\u589e\u5f3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86passwd\u548cchage\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<pre># \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\nsudo passwd username\n\n# \u6253\u5f00\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u63d0\u9192\u529f\u80fd\nsudo chage -M 90 username\n\n# \u7981\u7528\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\nsudo passwd -l username<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e3a&#8221;username&#8221;\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u63d0\u9192\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bc6\u7801\u572890\u5929\u540e\u8fc7\u671f\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528passwd -l\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7981\u7528\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u5206\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u5165\u4fb5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982grep\u3001tail\u548cawk\u3002<\/p>\n<pre># \u67e5\u627e\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\"error\"\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\nsudo grep \"error\" \/var\/log\/syslog\n\n# \u67e5\u770b\u6700\u540e10\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\nsudo tail -n 10 \/var\/log\/syslog\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528awk\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u4fe1\u606f\nsudo awk '\/error\/ {print $3}' \/var\/log\/syslog<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u5173\u952e\u8bcd&#8221;error&#8221;\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528tail\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u6700\u540e10\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528awk\u63d0\u53d6\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u952e\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ea\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u63aa\u65bd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6301\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>https:\/\/www.digitalocean.com\/community\/tutorials\/an-introduction-to-linux-firewalld-commands<\/li>\n<li>https:\/\/linuxize.com\/post\/about-the-pam-chage-password-expiry-guide\/<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168 \u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002 \u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6 \u7ecf\u5e38\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5bf9\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u4fee\u590d\u3002\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528apt-get\u6216yum\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a sudo apt-get update # \u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868 sudo apt-get upgrade # \u66f4\u65b0\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e \u9632\u706b\u5899\u80fd\u591f\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u51fa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u963b\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002 # \u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8bbf\u95ee sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp &#8211;dport 22 -j ACCEPT # \u5141\u8bb8HTTP\u8bbf\u95ee sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp &#8211;dport 80 -j ACCEPT # \u5141\u8bb8HTTPS\u8bbf\u95ee sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp &#8211;dport 443 -j ACCEPT # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6d41\u91cf [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16883","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16883"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16883\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16883"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16883"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16883"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}