{"id":16885,"date":"2024-11-18T17:03:32","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:03:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16885\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T17:03:32","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:03:32","slug":"%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e7%90%86%e8%a7%a3linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%9a%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%90%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%8e%e7%bb%b4%e6%8a%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16885\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u975e\u6cd5\u5165\u4fb5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9650\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n

    iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 22 -j DROP
    iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 80 -j ACCEPT
    iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 443 -j ACCEPT<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7iptables\u547d\u4ee4\u5173\u95ed\u4e86SSH\uff08\u7aef\u53e322\uff09\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5141\u8bb8\u4e86HTTP\uff08\u7aef\u53e380\uff09\u548cHTTPS\uff08\u7aef\u53e3443\uff09\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u6b63\u786e\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u4e5f\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\uff1auseradd username<\/li>\n
      • \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff1auserdel username<\/li>\n
      • \u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\uff1apasswd username<\/li>\n
      • \u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\uff1acat \/etc\/passwd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u521b\u5efa\u7ec4\uff1agroupadd groupname<\/li>\n
        • \u5220\u9664\u7ec4\uff1agroupdel groupname<\/li>\n
        • \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u5230\u7ec4\uff1ausermod -a -G groupname username<\/li>\n
        • \u67e5\u770b\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\uff1acat \/etc\/group<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u636e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff1achown username filename<\/li>\n
            • \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff1achgrp groupname filename<\/li>\n
            • \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff1achmod permissions filename<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u6388\u6743\u7684\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u5173\u952e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0e\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5ba1\u8ba1\u662f\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1atail -f \/var\/log\/syslog<\/li>\n
                • \u67e5\u770b\u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1atail -f \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/li>\n
                • \u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u6d3b\u52a8\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1alast username<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \u52a0\u5bc6\u4e0eSSL\u8bc1\u4e66<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u52a0\u5bc6\u548cSSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u52a0\u5bc6\u548cSSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • \u751f\u6210SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1aopenssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out server.crt -keyout server.key<\/li>\n
                    • \u5b89\u88c5SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1acp server.crt \/etc\/apache2\/ssl.crt\/<\/li>\n
                    • \u4fee\u6539Apache\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u542f\u7528SSL\uff1avi \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/default-ssl.conf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      \u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

                      \u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n

                      Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u63aa\u65bd\u548c\u6280\u672f\u9700\u8981\u7efc\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u638c\u63e1\u65b0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n

                      \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      \u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4 \u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u975e\u6cd5\u5165\u4fb5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9650\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 22 -j DROPiptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 80 -j ACCEPTiptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 443 -j ACCEPT \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7iptables\u547d\u4ee4\u5173\u95ed\u4e86SSH\uff08\u7aef\u53e322\uff09\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5141\u8bb8\u4e86HTTP\uff08\u7aef\u53e380\uff09\u548cHTTPS\uff08\u7aef\u53e3443\uff09\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002 \u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406 \u6b63\u786e\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u4e5f\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\uff1auseradd username \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff1auserdel username \u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\uff1apasswd username \u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\uff1acat \/etc\/passwd \u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\uff1a \u521b\u5efa\u7ec4\uff1agroupadd groupname \u5220\u9664\u7ec4\uff1agroupdel groupname \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u5230\u7ec4\uff1ausermod -a -G groupname username \u67e5\u770b\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\uff1acat \/etc\/group \u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002 \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16885","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16885","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16885"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16885\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16885"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16885"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16885"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}