{"id":16898,"date":"2024-11-18T17:14:22","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:14:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16898\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T17:14:22","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:14:22","slug":"linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%9f%ba%e7%9f%b3%ef%bc%9a%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%8e%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16898\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u77f3\uff1a\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/887\/227\/169415408456711.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u77f3\uff1a\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u77f3\uff1a\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u77f3\uff1a\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9996\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u3002Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u9996\u5148\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>whoami<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>cat \/etc\/passwd<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo adduser username<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo passwd username<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo deluser username<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002Linux\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u548c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u652f\u6301\u7684\u662fiptables\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo iptables -L<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo iptables -A INPUT -s IP_ADDRESS -p tcp --dport PORT -j ACCEPT\nsudo iptables -A INPUT -s IP_ADDRESS -p tcp --dport PORT -j DROP<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo iptables-save &amp;gt; \/etc\/iptables\/rules.v4\nsudo iptables-restore <\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt update<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u66f4\u65b0\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt upgrade<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt-get install -f<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6eSSH\u8bbf\u95ee<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>SSH\uff08Secure Shell\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6eSSH\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7981\u6b62root\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u767b\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo sed -i 's\/#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password\/PermitRootLogin no\/' \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\nsudo service ssh restart<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>ssh-keygen\nssh-copy-id username@host<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6eSSH\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8d85\u65f6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo sed -i 's\/#ClientAliveInterval 0\/ClientAliveInterval 60\/' \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\nsudo sed -i 's\/#ClientAliveCountMax 3\/ClientAliveCountMax 0\/' \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\nsudo service ssh restart<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/syslog<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770bApache\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/apache2\/access.log<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770bNginx\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e9bLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u786c\u4ef6\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u719f\u6089\u5e76\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u5c06\u4e3a\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u77f3\uff1a\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u57fa\u77f3\uff1a\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e \u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9996\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u3002Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002 \u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237 \u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u9996\u5148\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\uff1a \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a whoami \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\uff1a cat \/etc\/passwd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\uff1a sudo adduser username \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a sudo passwd username \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u6237\uff1a sudo deluser username \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002Linux\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u548c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u652f\u6301\u7684\u662fiptables\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a sudo iptables -L \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a sudo iptables -A INPUT -s IP_ADDRESS -p tcp &#8211;dport PORT -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A INPUT -s IP_ADDRESS -p tcp &#8211;dport [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16898","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16898"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16898\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16898"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}