{"id":16926,"date":"2024-11-18T10:59:54","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T02:59:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16926\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T10:59:54","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T02:59:54","slug":"%e4%bf%9d%e6%8a%a4%e4%bd%a0%e7%9a%84linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%9a%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e8%bf%99%e4%ba%9b%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16926\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/887\/227\/169416877456716.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fd8\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0cLinux\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4e14\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5e76\u638c\u63e1\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3aiptables\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684iptables\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1asudo ufw enable<\/li>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u72b6\u6001\uff1asudo ufw status<\/li>\n<li>\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\uff1asudo ufw allow  <\/li>\n<li>\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\uff1asudo ufw allow from  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u63a7\u5236\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1asudo adduser  <\/li>\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff1asudo userdel  <\/li>\n<li>\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1asudo passwd  <\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230sudo\u7ec4\uff1asudo usermod -aG sudo  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4fdd\u62a4\u654f\u611f\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff1asudo chmod    <\/li>\n<li>\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff1asudo chown    <\/li>\n<li>\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff1asudo chgrp    <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>SSH\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>SSH\uff08Secure Shell\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u8bbf\u95eeLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8SSH\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7981\u7528root\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684PermitRootLogin\u4e3ano\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684PasswordAuthentication\u4e3ano\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9650\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a\u5728\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684AllowUsers\u884c\u4e0b\u6dfb\u52a0\u5141\u8bb8\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1asudo tail \/var\/log\/syslog<\/li>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1asudo tail \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/li>\n<li>\u67e5\u770bApache\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1asudo tail \/var\/log\/apache2\/access.log<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u73af\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u4e0a\u8ff0\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d0\u9ad8SSH\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e5f\u662f\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u65f6\u523b\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u60d5\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4 \u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fd8\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0cLinux\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4e14\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5e76\u638c\u63e1\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u8bbe\u7f6e \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3aiptables\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684iptables\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a \u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1asudo ufw enable \u67e5\u770b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u72b6\u6001\uff1asudo ufw status \u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\uff1asudo ufw allow \u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\uff1asudo ufw allow from \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406 \u63a7\u5236\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1asudo adduser \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff1asudo userdel \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1asudo passwd \u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230sudo\u7ec4\uff1asudo usermod -aG sudo \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e \u4fdd\u62a4\u654f\u611f\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff1asudo chmod \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff1asudo chown \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff1asudo chgrp SSH\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e SSH\uff08Secure Shell\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u8bbf\u95eeLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8SSH\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a \u7981\u7528root\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684PermitRootLogin\u4e3ano\u3002 \u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684PasswordAuthentication\u4e3ano\u3002 \u9650\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a\u5728\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684AllowUsers\u884c\u4e0b\u6dfb\u52a0\u5141\u8bb8\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002 \u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7 \u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1asudo tail \/var\/log\/syslog \u67e5\u770b\u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1asudo tail \/var\/log\/auth.log \u67e5\u770bApache\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1asudo tail \/var\/log\/apache2\/access.log \u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16926"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16926\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16926"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}