{"id":16960,"date":"2024-11-18T12:02:40","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T04:02:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16960\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T12:02:40","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T04:02:40","slug":"%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%9a%84linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e8%a1%8c%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e4%b8%8e%e4%bf%9d%e6%8a%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/16960\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4<\/p>\n

\u6458\u8981\uff1a
Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9886\u57df\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6db5\u76d6\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5f3a\u5316SSH\u8bbf\u95ee<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    SSH\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

    1.1 \u7981\u7528root\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n

    \u5728\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06PermitRootLogin\u7684\u503c\u4fee\u6539\u4e3ano\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u7981\u6b62root\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

    sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u627e\u5230PermitRootLogin\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4fee\u6539\u4e3ano\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u91cd\u542fSSH\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
    sudo service ssh restart<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    1.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u94a5\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/p>\n
    \u516c\u94a5\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u4f7f\u7528ssh-keygen\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u516c\u79c1\u94a5\u5bf9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
    ssh-keygen\nssh-copy-id user@server_ip<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      2.1 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/p>\n
      \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u6216firewalld\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
      sudo iptables -P INPUT DROP   # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\nsudo iptables -P FORWARD DROP # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u8f6c\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\nsudo iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT # \u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u51fa\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\n\nsudo iptables -A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # \u5141\u8bb8\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\nsudo iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT      # \u5141\u8bb8ping\u8bf7\u6c42\nsudo iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT        # \u5141\u8bb8\u672c\u5730\u56de\u73af\u63a5\u53e3<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
      2.2 \u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n
      \u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u4e5f\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n
      2.2.1 \u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n
      \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7systemctl\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
      sudo systemctl disable service_name<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
      2.2.2 \u542f\u7528SYN Cookie\u9632\u8303SYN\u6d2a\u6c34\u653b\u51fb<\/p>\n
      SYN Cookie\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u8303SYN\u6d2a\u6c34\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u7528SYN Cookie\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
      sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u76d1\u63a7<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        3.1 \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n
        \u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
        sudo apt update\nsudo apt upgrade<\/pre>\n
          \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
        3.2 \u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6d3b\u52a8<\/p>\n
        \u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6d3b\u52a8\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u5e94\u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982fail2ban\u6216logwatch\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
        sudo apt install fail2ban\nsudo apt install logwatch<\/pre>\n
          \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
        \u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fdb\u884cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f3a\u5316SSH\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        \u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4 \u6458\u8981\uff1aLinux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9886\u57df\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6db5\u76d6\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u5f3a\u5316SSH\u8bbf\u95ee SSH\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a 1.1 \u7981\u7528root\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55 \u5728\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06PermitRootLogin\u7684\u503c\u4fee\u6539\u4e3ano\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u7981\u6b62root\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u627e\u5230PermitRootLogin\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4fee\u6539\u4e3ano\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u91cd\u542fSSH\u670d\u52a1\u3002 sudo service ssh restart \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 1.2 \u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u94a5\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1 \u516c\u94a5\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u4f7f\u7528ssh-keygen\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u516c\u79c1\u94a5\u5bf9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a ssh-keygen ssh-copy-id user@server_ip \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168 2.1 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u6216firewalld\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a sudo iptables -P INPUT DROP # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5 sudo iptables -P FORWARD DROP # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u8f6c\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5 sudo iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT # \u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u51fa\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5 sudo iptables -A […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16960","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16960"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16960\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16960"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16960"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16960"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}