{"id":17008,"date":"2024-11-18T08:05:07","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T00:05:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17008\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T08:05:07","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T00:05:07","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84web%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%e8%ae%a4%e8%af%81%e4%b8%8e%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17008\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3002"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u800c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\uff0c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0Web\u63a5\u53e3\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5173\u952e\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884cWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5efa\u7acb\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u9760\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/p>\n

\u8ba4\u8bc1\u662f\u786e\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6458\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u539f\u7406\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4e2d\u53d1\u9001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u660e\u6587\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u660e\u6587\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u7a83\u542c\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Apache\u7684htpasswd\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u901a\u8fc7htpasswd\u5de5\u5177\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728Apache\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528”AuthType”\u3001”AuthName”\u3001”AuthUserFile”\u548c”Require valid-user”\u7b49\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \u6458\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u6458\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc1\u662f\u6bd4\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5176\u539f\u7406\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u6458\u8981\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ee5\u660e\u6587\u5f62\u5f0f\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u6458\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Apache\u7684mod_auth_digest\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6emod_auth_digest\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u6458\u8981\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728Apache\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528”AuthType”\u3001”AuthName”\u3001”AuthDigestDomain”\u3001”AuthDigestProvider”\u548c”Require valid-user”\u7b49\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u6458\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u4e8c\u3001\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n

      \u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528”chmod”\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u5728Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6743\u9650\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u6709\u6743\u9650\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\uff08ACL\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\u662fLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7ACL\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6743\u9650\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cACL\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u8bbe\u5b9a\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528”setfacl”\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684ACL\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. RBAC<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            RBAC\uff08Role-Based Access Control\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5728RBAC\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u8054\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u89d2\u8272\u8d4b\u4e88\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528PAM\uff08Pluggable Authentication Modules\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0RBAC\u3002PAM\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u96c6\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6ePAM\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89d2\u8272\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n

            Web\u63a5\u53e3\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6458\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc1\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6eApache\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6743\u9650\u3001ACL\u548cRBAC\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u9760\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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