{"id":17069,"date":"2024-11-18T12:38:51","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T04:38:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17069\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T12:38:51","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T04:38:51","slug":"linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%ef%bc%9a%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%e5%bf%85%e5%a4%87%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17069\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u5fc5\u5907\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u5fc5\u5907\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

Linux\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9996\u9009\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u6837\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u5404\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u63aa\u65bd\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5fc5\u5907\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a<\/p>\n

    sudo apt update\nsudo apt upgrade<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u521b\u5efa\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7834\u89e3\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
    passwd \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u786e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u81f3\u5c11\u8fbe\u52308\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u7981\u7528root\u767b\u5f55\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528root\u8d26\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e0a\u9020\u6210\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u7981\u7528root\u767b\u5f55\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u5347\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n
    sudo su -<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \u9650\u5236SSH\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1aSSH\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u589e\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/li>\n
  5. \u66f4\u6539SSH\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a\u7f16\u8f91SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\uff0c\u5c06Port\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n
  6. \u7981\u7528root\u767b\u5f55\uff1a\u5728SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0PermitRootLogin no\uff0c\u7981\u6b62root\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u767b\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n
  7. \u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u5728SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0AllowUsers \u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n
  8. \u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/li>\n
  9. \n
    \u5b89\u88c5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
    sudo apt install ufw<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
  10. \n
    \u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/p>\n
    sudo ufw enable<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
  11. \n
    \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n
    sudo ufw allow 22    # \u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8fde\u63a5\nsudo ufw allow 80    # \u5141\u8bb8HTTP\u8fde\u63a5\nsudo ufw allow 443   # \u5141\u8bb8HTTPS\u8fde\u63a5<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u5f00\u653e\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  12. \n
    \u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6062\u590d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\uff1a<\/p>\n
    tar -czvf backup.tar.gz \/path\/to\/directory<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u5c06\/path\/to\/directory\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cron\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5907\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  13. \n
    \u76d1\u89c6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u76d1\u89c6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n
    tail -f \/var\/log\/syslog<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5b9e\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  14. \u5b89\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u5f3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cFail2Ban\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u5bc6\u7801\uff0cClamAV\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0cSnort\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u5165\u4fb5\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u603b\u7ed3\uff1a
    \u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u7981\u7528root\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u9650\u5236SSH\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u3001\u76d1\u89c6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u91c7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d7\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u5fc5\u5907\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Linux\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9996\u9009\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u6837\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u5404\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u63aa\u65bd\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5fc5\u5907\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002 \u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 \u521b\u5efa\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7834\u89e3\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a passwd \u7528\u6237\u540d \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u786e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u81f3\u5c11\u8fbe\u52308\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002 \u7981\u7528root\u767b\u5f55\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528root\u8d26\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e0a\u9020\u6210\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u7981\u7528root\u767b\u5f55\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u5347\u6743\u9650\uff1a sudo su – \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002 \u9650\u5236SSH\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1aSSH\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u589e\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a \u66f4\u6539SSH\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a\u7f16\u8f91SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\uff0c\u5c06Port\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u3002 \u7981\u7528root\u767b\u5f55\uff1a\u5728SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0PermitRootLogin no\uff0c\u7981\u6b62root\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u767b\u5f55\u3002 \u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a\u5728SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0AllowUsers \u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a \u5b89\u88c5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a sudo apt install ufw \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a sudo ufw enable \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a sudo ufw allow 22 # \u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8fde\u63a5 sudo ufw allow 80 # \u5141\u8bb8HTTP\u8fde\u63a5 sudo ufw allow […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17069","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17069","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17069"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17069\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17069"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17069"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17069"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}