{"id":17074,"date":"2024-11-18T11:50:55","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:50:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17074\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T11:50:55","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:50:55","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8linux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e6%9d%a5%e9%98%b2%e5%be%a1%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e6%94%bb%e5%87%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17074\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9632\u5fa1\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9632\u5fa1\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9632\u5fa1\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u63aa\u65bd\u3002Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9632\u5fa1\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982iptables\u548cfirewalld\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u8bbf\u95ee\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6eiptables\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/p>\n

    # \u6e05\u7a7a\u89c4\u5219\u94fe\niptables -F\niptables -X\n\n# \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565\niptables -P INPUT DROP\niptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT\niptables -P FORWARD DROP\n\n# \u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\niptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT\n\n# \u5141\u8bb8\u672c\u5730\u56de\u73af\u63a5\u53e3\niptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT\n\n# \u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8fde\u63a5\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT\n\n# \u5141\u8bb8HTTP\u8fde\u63a5\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT\n\n# \u5141\u8bb8HTTPS\u8fde\u63a5\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT\n\n# \u62d2\u7edd\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\niptables -A INPUT -j DROP<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6ee5\u7528\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5408\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982useradd\u548cusermod\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5176\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n
      # \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\nuseradd -m username\n\n# \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\npasswd username\n\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u5230sudo\u7ec4\nusermod -aG sudo username<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
      \u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230sudo\u7ec4\uff0c\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u5c06\u6709\u6743\u6267\u884c\u7279\u6743\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u9632\u5fa1\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982apt\u548cyum\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n
        # \u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\nsudo apt update\n\n# \u5347\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\nsudo apt upgrade<\/pre>\n
          \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684SSH<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          SSH\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u5f3aSSH\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a<\/p>\n
            \n
          • \u7981\u7528root\u7528\u6237\u7684SSH\u767b\u5f55\uff1a
            \u7f16\u8f91SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\uff0c\u5c06PermitRootLogin\u6539\u4e3ano\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u542fSSH\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff1a
            \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u5bf9SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u767b\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \n
            1. \u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5982HTTPS\u548cSFTP\u3002\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4e2d\u95f4\u4eba\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u800cSFTP\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684FTP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n
              \u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u591a\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u547d\u4ee4\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u5e94\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u7684SSH\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9632\u5fa1\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
              \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9632\u5fa1\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb \u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u63aa\u65bd\u3002Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9632\u5fa1\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982iptables\u548cfirewalld\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u8bbf\u95ee\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6eiptables\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a # \u6e05\u7a7a\u89c4\u5219\u94fe iptables -F iptables -X # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b56\u7565 iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD DROP # \u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5 iptables -A INPUT -m state –state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # \u5141\u8bb8\u672c\u5730\u56de\u73af\u63a5\u53e3 iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # \u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8fde\u63a5 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17074","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17074","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17074"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17074\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17074"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17074"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17074"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}