{"id":17076,"date":"2024-11-18T12:04:48","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T04:04:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17076\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T12:04:48","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T04:04:48","slug":"linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7%e7%9a%84%e7%bb%88%e6%9e%81%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e8%bf%90%e7%94%a8%e8%bf%99%e4%ba%9b%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17076\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9752\u7750\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u662f\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u88ab\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0cLinux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5347\u7ea7\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. apt-get update – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e90\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5305\u542b\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. apt-get upgrade – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. apt-get dist-upgrade – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u9664\u4e86\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. netstat – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. nmap – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u626b\u63cf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n
    3. tcpdump – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8c08\u8c08\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u6388\u6743\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. chmod – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. chown – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3002<\/li>\n
      3. chgrp – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u6838\u5fc3\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. passwd – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n
        2. chpasswd – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. sudo – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u4ee5root\u6743\u9650\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n
          2. ufw – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/li>\n
          3. fail2ban – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u963b\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u6700\u540e\u4f46\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5907\u4efd\u662f\u6062\u590d\u6570\u636e\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c\u8fd8\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. rsync – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u548c\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n
            2. tar – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u6253\u5305\u6210.tar\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1100%\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4e86\u89e3\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6280\u672f\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9752\u7750\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 \u9996\u5148\u662f\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u88ab\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0cLinux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5347\u7ea7\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\uff1a apt-get update – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e90\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5305\u542b\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 apt-get upgrade – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002 apt-get dist-upgrade – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002 \u9664\u4e86\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1a netstat – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 nmap – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u626b\u63cf\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3\u3002 tcpdump – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002 \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8c08\u8c08\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u6388\u6743\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a chmod – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002 chown – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3002 chgrp – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7ec4\u3002 \u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u6838\u5fc3\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a passwd – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u3002 chpasswd – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a sudo – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u4ee5root\u6743\u9650\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002 ufw – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002 fail2ban – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u963b\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002 \u6700\u540e\u4f46\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5907\u4efd\u662f\u6062\u590d\u6570\u636e\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c\u8fd8\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u636e\uff1a rsync – \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u548c\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 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