{"id":17121,"date":"2024-11-18T13:39:42","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T05:39:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17121\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T13:39:42","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T05:39:42","slug":"linux-systemd-crontab%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%e5%92%8c%e8%b0%83%e6%95%b4%e5%ae%9a%e6%97%b6%e4%bb%bb%e5%8a%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17121\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux Systemd Crontab\u5b9e\u8df5\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Linux<\/p>\n

Linux Systemd Crontab\u5b9e\u8df5\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n

\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a
\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u800c\u5728Systemd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\uff0cCrontab\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cbe\u786e\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Systemd Crontab\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n

I. Systemd Crontab\u7b80\u4ecb
Systemd Crontab\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2acron\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531Systemd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684cron\u5de5\u5177\uff0cSystemd Crontab\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n

II. Systemd Crontab\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u5b89\u88c5Systemd Crontab
    \u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0cSystemd Crontab\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4ee5Ubuntu\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install cronie<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u914d\u7f6eSystemd Crontab
    Systemd Crontab\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e\/etc\/cron.d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982mytask.cron\uff1a<\/p>\n
    sudo nano \/etc\/cron.d\/mytask.cron<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u5728mytask.cron\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # m h dom mon dow user  command\n*\/10 * * * * root \/path\/to\/mytask.sh<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u969410\u5206\u949f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21mytask.sh\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003Cron\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    III. Systemd Crontab\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u67e5\u770b\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n
      sudo journalctl -u cron.service<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
      \u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770bSystemd Crontab\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u6392\u67e5\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u91cd\u542fSystemd Crontab\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n
      sudo systemctl restart cron.service<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
      \u5728\u4fee\u6539\u4e86Systemd Crontab\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u4f7f\u914d\u7f6e\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      IV. Systemd Crontab\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u8c03\u6574<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u8c03\u6574\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f
        \u5728Systemd Crontab\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8c03\u6574\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u6570\u5b57\u524d\u7f00\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u4f18\u5148\u6267\u884cmytask.cron\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a01-mytask.cron\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. \u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u4e0e\u9650\u5236\u6761\u4ef6
        \u5728Systemd Crontab\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u548c\u9650\u5236\u6761\u4ef6\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236\u3001CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u9650\u5236\u7b49\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003Systemd\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/li>\n
      3. \u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1
        \u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u5206\u522b\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002Systemd Crontab\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n
      4. \n
        \u589e\u52a0\u4efb\u52a1\u9501\u5b9a
        \u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u67d0\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u6216\u88ab\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u9501\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u9501\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6587\u4ef6\u9501\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u624d\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
        #!\/bin\/bash\nlockfile=\/tmp\/mytask.lock\nif ( set -o noclobber; echo \"$$\" &gt; \"$lockfile\") 2&gt; \/dev\/null; then\n trap 'rm -f \"$lockfile\"; exit $?' INT TERM EXIT\n # \u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\n rm -f \"$lockfile\"\nelse\n echo \"Task is already running\"\n exit 1\nfi<\/pre>\n
          \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        V. \u7ed3\u8bed
        \u901a\u8fc7Systemd Crontab\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5bf9Systemd Crontab\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5e94\u7528Systemd Crontab\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux Systemd Crontab\u5b9e\u8df5\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        Linux Systemd Crontab\u5b9e\u8df5\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1 \u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u800c\u5728Systemd\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\uff0cCrontab\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7cbe\u786e\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7Systemd Crontab\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u3002 I. Systemd Crontab\u7b80\u4ecbSystemd Crontab\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2acron\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531Systemd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684cron\u5de5\u5177\uff0cSystemd Crontab\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u3002 II. Systemd Crontab\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e \u5b89\u88c5Systemd Crontab\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0cSystemd Crontab\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4ee5Ubuntu\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install cronie \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u914d\u7f6eSystemd CrontabSystemd Crontab\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e\/etc\/cron.d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982mytask.cron\uff1a sudo nano \/etc\/cron.d\/mytask.cron \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5728mytask.cron\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\uff1a # m h dom mon dow user command *\/10 * * * * root \/path\/to\/mytask.sh \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u969410\u5206\u949f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21mytask.sh\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003Cron\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002 III. Systemd Crontab\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0e\u8bbe\u7f6e \u67e5\u770b\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7 sudo journalctl […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17121","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17121"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17121\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17121"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17121"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17121"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}