{"id":17136,"date":"2024-11-18T11:31:53","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:31:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17136\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T11:31:53","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:31:53","slug":"linux-sysops-ssh%e7%99%bb%e5%bd%95%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e6%8e%92%e6%9f%a5%e4%b8%8e%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17136\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux SysOps SSH\u767b\u5f55\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Linux<\/p>\n

Linux SysOps SSH\u767b\u5f55\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n

\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a
\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e2d\uff0cSSH\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u9047\u5230SSH\u767b\u5f55\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u56f0\u6270\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684SSH\u767b\u5f55\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ed9\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u95ee\u9898
\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a
\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230”Connection refused”\u6216”Connection timed out”\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u8981\u786e\u4fddSSH\u670d\u52a1\u5df2\u7ecf\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a<\/p>\n

    systemctl status sshd<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n
    systemctl start sshd<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u51fa\u73b0\u7aef\u53e3\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n
    iptables -L<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236    \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0SSH\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6253\u5f00\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n
    iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT\niptables-save<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u5bc6\u94a5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\u95ee\u9898
    \u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a
    \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55SSH\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u9047\u5230”Permission denied (publickey)”\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u68c0\u67e5\u5bc6\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n
      chmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u786e\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5df2\u7ecf\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n
      cat ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u516c\u94a5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u590d\u5236\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n
      ssh-copy-id user@server-ip<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u95ee\u9898
      \u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a
      \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fde\u63a5Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u8d85\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/p>\n
        ping server-ip<\/pre>\n
          \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u4fee\u6539SSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728SSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6”\/etc\/ssh\/ssh_config”\uff0c\u627e\u5230”ServerAliveInterval”\u548c”ServerAliveCountMax”\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
        ServerAliveInterval 60\nServerAliveCountMax 3<\/pre>\n
          \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u6b21\u6570\u9650\u5236\u95ee\u9898
        \u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a
        \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u591a\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u767b\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709iptables\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u767b\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770biptables\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n
          iptables -L<\/pre>\n
            \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236    \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
        2. \n
          \u5982\u679c\u6709\u9650\u5236\u89c4\u5219\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5220\u9664\u76f8\u5e94\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n
          iptables -D INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent --set\niptables -D INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent --update --seconds 60 --hitcount 3 -j DROP\niptables-save<\/pre>\n
            \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u7ed3\u8bed\uff1a
          \u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684SSH\u767b\u5f55\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6392\u67e5\u548c\u89e3\u51b3SSH\u767b\u5f55\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u63d0\u9192\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u53d8\u66f4\u65f6\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u5c0f\u5fc3\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u9020\u6210\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fee\u590d\u7684\u635f\u574f\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux SysOps SSH\u767b\u5f55\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          Linux SysOps SSH\u767b\u5f55\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5 \u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e2d\uff0cSSH\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u9047\u5230SSH\u767b\u5f55\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u56f0\u6270\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684SSH\u767b\u5f55\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ed9\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u95ee\u9898\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230”Connection refused”\u6216”Connection timed out”\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u3002 \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a \u8981\u786e\u4fddSSH\u670d\u52a1\u5df2\u7ecf\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a systemctl status sshd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\uff1a systemctl start sshd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u51fa\u73b0\u7aef\u53e3\u88ab\u963b\u6b62\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a iptables -L \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0SSH\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6253\u5f00\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a iptables -I INPUT -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables-save \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e8c\u3001\u5bc6\u94a5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\u95ee\u9898\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55SSH\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u9047\u5230”Permission denied (publickey)”\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u3002 \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a \u68c0\u67e5\u5bc6\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u53ef\u8bfb\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff1a chmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u786e\u8ba4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5df2\u7ecf\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u5217\u8868\uff1a cat ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u516c\u94a5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u590d\u5236\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff1a ssh-copy-id user@server-ip \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e09\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u95ee\u9898\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fde\u63a5Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u8d85\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17136","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17136"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17136\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}