{"id":17303,"date":"2024-11-18T16:49:53","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T08:49:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17303\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T16:49:53","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T08:49:53","slug":"nginx%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8e%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e7%9a%84%e8%ae%bf%e9%97%ae%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17303\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/887\/227\/169941044828635.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"Nginx\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"Nginx\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Nginx\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5177\u4f53\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u514d\u53d7\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u9650\u5236\u3002Nginx \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u9650\u5236\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE\uff09\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91 Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cNginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e \/etc\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 nginx.conf \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u7f16\u8f91\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u9650\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528 POST \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>location \/api {\n  if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|POST)$ ) {\n    return 405;\n  }\n\n  if ($http_user_agent !~ SomeClient ) {\n    return 403;\n  }\n\n  # \u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\n  ...\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 $request_method \u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a GET \u6216 POST\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de HTTP \u72b6\u6001\u7801 405\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 $http_user_agent \u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u662f\u5426\u4e3a SomeClient\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de HTTP \u72b6\u6001\u7801 403\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 # \u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6dfb\u52a0\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7b49\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u901a\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6765\u6e90 IP \u5730\u5740\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>geo $allowed_ips {\n  default 0;\n  127.0.0.1\/32 1;\n  192.168.0.0\/24 1;\n}\n\nlocation \/api {\n  if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|POST)$ ) {\n    return 405;\n  }\n\n  if ($allowed_ips != 1 ) {\n    return 403;\n  }\n\n  # \u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\n  ...\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a $allowed_ips \u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u4e3a 0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff08127.0.0.1 \u548c 192.168.0.0\/24\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 1\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd9\u4e9b IP \u5730\u5740\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 $allowed_ips \u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u6765\u6e90 IP \u5730\u5740\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\uff0c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u8bdd\u8fd4\u56de 403 \u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\uff0cNginx \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9a\u5236\u548c\u7ec6\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fNginx\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nginx\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5177\u4f53\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b \u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u514d\u53d7\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u9650\u5236\u3002Nginx \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002 \u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Nginx \u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u9650\u5236\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE\uff09\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91 Nginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cNginx \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e \/etc\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 nginx.conf \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00\u5e76\u7f16\u8f91\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u9650\u5236\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528 POST \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 location \/api { if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|POST)$ ) { return 405; } if ($http_user_agent !~ SomeClient ) { return 403; } # \u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c &#8230; } \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 $request_method \u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u4e3a GET \u6216 POST\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de HTTP \u72b6\u6001\u7801 405\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17303","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17303"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17303\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17303"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17303"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17303"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}