{"id":17365,"date":"2024-11-18T11:58:50","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:58:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17365\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T11:58:50","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:58:50","slug":"linux%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e7%a4%ba%e4%be%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17365\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/887\/227\/170842321276168.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"Linux\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"Linux\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6709\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u503c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a\u73af\u5883\uff08environment\uff09\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7export\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aMY_VAR\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>export MY_VAR=value<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0cMY_VAR\u662f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cvalue\u662f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06MY_VAR\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3avalue\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/h3>\n<h4>1. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aMY_NAME\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3aJohn\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>export MY_NAME=John<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236    \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h4>2. \u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3atest.sh\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>#!\/bin\/bash\n\necho \"Hello, $MY_NAME!\"<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86$MY_NAME\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8f93\u51faHello, John!\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u4f7f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u4e88\u5b83\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>chmod +x test.sh<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>.\/test.sh<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8f93\u51faHello, John!\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3. \u6c38\u4e45\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u7559\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230.bashrc\u6216.bash_profile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728.bashrc\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>export MY_NAME=John<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236    \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0cMY_NAME\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7591\u95ee\u6216\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u7559\u8a00\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u6709\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u503c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a\u73af\u5883\uff08environment\uff09\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002 \u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7export\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aMY_VAR\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a export MY_VAR=value \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u91cc\uff0cMY_VAR\u662f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cvalue\u662f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06MY_VAR\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3avalue\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a 1. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aMY_NAME\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3aJohn\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a export MY_NAME=John \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 2. \u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf \u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3atest.sh\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a #!\/bin\/bash echo &#8220;Hello, $MY_NAME!&#8221; \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86$MY_NAME\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8f93\u51faHello, John!\u3002 \u8981\u4f7f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u7ed9\u4e88\u5b83\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1a chmod +x test.sh \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u811a\u672c\uff1a .\/test.sh \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8f93\u51faHello, John!\u3002 3. \u6c38\u4e45\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf \u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u7559\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230.bashrc\u6216.bash_profile\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728.bashrc\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\uff1a export MY_NAME=John \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0cMY_NAME\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6548\u3002 \u603b\u7ed3 \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7591\u95ee\u6216\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u7559\u8a00\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17365","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17365"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17365\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17365"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17365"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17365"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}