{"id":17499,"date":"2024-11-18T11:57:02","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:57:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17499\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T11:57:02","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:57:02","slug":"linux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%88%86%e7%b1%bb%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17499\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/465\/014\/170892920592667.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u8be6\u89e3\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u8be6\u89e3\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ed3\u5408\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b<\/h3>\n<h4>1. \u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u3001\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u5173\u673a\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8def\u5f84\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/messages<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u5168\u9762\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/syslog<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/boot.log<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/lastlog<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. \u7528\u6237\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n<p>\u7528\u6237\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8def\u5f84\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/auth.log<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6388\u6743\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/secure<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/wtmp<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u6ce8\u9500\u7b49\u7528\u6237\u6d3b\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/btmp<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h4>\n<p>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5404\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/apache2<\/strong>\uff1aApache Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/mysql<\/strong>\uff1aMySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<li> <strong>\/var\/log\/nginx<\/strong>\uff1aNginx Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6f14\u793a<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7528\u6237\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<h4>1. \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<pre># \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d88\u606f\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\ncat \/var\/log\/messages\n\n# \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\ncat \/var\/log\/boot.log<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h4>2. \u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<pre># \u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\ncat \/var\/log\/auth.log\n\n# \u67e5\u770b\u767b\u5f55\u6d3b\u52a8\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\nlast<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<h4>3. \u67e5\u770b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<pre># \u67e5\u770bApache Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\ncat \/var\/log\/apache2\/access.log\n\n# \u67e5\u770bMySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\ncat \/var\/log\/mysql\/error.log<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u67e5\u770b\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8bfb\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5229\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u8be6\u89e3\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ed3\u5408\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u3002 \u4e00\u3001Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b 1. \u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7 \u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u3001\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u5173\u673a\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8def\u5f84\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a \/var\/log\/messages\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u5168\u9762\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 \/var\/log\/syslog\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \/var\/log\/boot.log\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \/var\/log\/lastlog\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 2. \u7528\u6237\u65e5\u5fd7 \u7528\u6237\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8def\u5f84\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a \/var\/log\/auth.log\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6388\u6743\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \/var\/log\/secure\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \/var\/log\/wtmp\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u6ce8\u9500\u7b49\u7528\u6237\u6d3b\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \/var\/log\/btmp\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 3. \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e5\u5fd7 \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5404\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a \/var\/log\/apache2\uff1aApache Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 \/var\/log\/mysql\uff1aMySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 \/var\/log\/nginx\uff1aNginx Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6f14\u793a 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