{"id":17517,"date":"2024-11-18T08:35:24","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T00:35:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17517\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T08:35:24","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T00:35:24","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%a3%80%e7%b4%a2linux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%89%80%e6%9c%89%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17517\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u7d22Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u7d22Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u4f7f\u7528cat \/etc\/passwd\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cat\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

    cat \/etc\/passwd<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001UID\uff08\u7528\u6237ID\uff09\u3001GID\uff08\u7ec4ID\uff09\u3001\u7528\u6237\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u767b\u5f55shell\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u4f7f\u7528getent passwd\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      getent\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7getent passwd\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
      getent passwd<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0ecat \/etc\/passwd\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u4f7f\u7528cut\u548cawk\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u5e0c\u671b\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cut\u548cawk\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
        cat \/etc\/passwd | cut -d: -f 1<\/pre>\n
          \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
        \u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u4f7f\u7528awk\u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528awk\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u4ece\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
          awk -F: '{print $1}' \/etc\/passwd<\/pre>\n
            \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
          \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u9014\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u7d22Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237 \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528cat \/etc\/passwd\u547d\u4ee4 \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cat\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 cat \/etc\/passwd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001UID\uff08\u7528\u6237ID\uff09\u3001GID\uff08\u7ec4ID\uff09\u3001\u7528\u6237\u63cf\u8ff0\u3001\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u767b\u5f55shell\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528getent passwd\u547d\u4ee4 getent\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7getent passwd\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 getent passwd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0ecat \/etc\/passwd\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528cut\u548cawk\u547d\u4ee4 \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u5e0c\u671b\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cut\u548cawk\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 cat \/etc\/passwd | cut -d: -f 1 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528awk\u547d\u4ee4 \u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528awk\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u4ece\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002 awk -F: ‘{print $1}’ \/etc\/passwd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002 \u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u9014\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u7d22Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17517","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17517","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17517"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17517\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17517"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17517"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17517"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}