{"id":17783,"date":"2024-11-18T17:21:18","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:21:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17783\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T17:21:18","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:21:18","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%a1%ae%e4%bf%9dlinux%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e5%af%86%e7%a0%81%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17783\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/465\/014\/171092664664404.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/p>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u7ecf\u9002\u5f53\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u906d\u53d7\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u4fe1\u606f\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e<br \/>chmod \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u6709root\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>sudo chown root:root \/etc\/passwd\nsudo chmod 600 \/etc\/passwd<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5<br \/>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fSHA-256\u6216\u8005MD5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7801\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>mkpasswd -m sha-512<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801<br \/>\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u5f3a\u5236\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u5468\u671f\u5185\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>chage -d 0 username<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565<br \/>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u6237\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u65f6\u9075\u5b88\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5982\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3001\u6709\u6548\u671f\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528PAM\uff08Pluggable Authentication Modules\uff09\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>sudo apt-get install libpam-pwquality<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u542f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u68c0\u67e5<br \/>\u5f00\u542f\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5728\/etc\/pam.d\/common-password\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>password requisite pam_pwquality.so retry=3<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3<br \/>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u68c0\u67e5\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u6cc4\u9732\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u73af\u5883\u7075\u6d3b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(end of\u6587)<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027 Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u7ecf\u9002\u5f53\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u906d\u53d7\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u4fe1\u606f\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6echmod \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u6709root\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a sudo chown root:root \/etc\/passwd sudo chmod 600 \/etc\/passwd \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fSHA-256\u6216\u8005MD5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7801\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a mkpasswd -m sha-512 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u5f3a\u5236\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u5468\u671f\u5185\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a chage -d 0 username \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u6237\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u65f6\u9075\u5b88\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5982\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3001\u6709\u6548\u671f\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528PAM\uff08Pluggable Authentication Modules\uff09\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a sudo apt-get install libpam-pwquality \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u542f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u68c0\u67e5\u5f00\u542f\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5728\/etc\/pam.d\/common-password\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\uff1a password requisite pam_pwquality.so retry=3 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u603b\u7ed3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u54c8\u5e0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u68c0\u67e5\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u6cc4\u9732\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u73af\u5883\u7075\u6d3b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002 (end of\u6587) \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fddLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17783","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17783"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17783\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17783"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}