{"id":17810,"date":"2024-11-18T11:28:27","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:28:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17810\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T11:28:27","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T03:28:27","slug":"%e5%ad%a6%e4%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8linux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e6%9f%a5%e6%89%bedhcp%e5%8c%85%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/17810\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

[\u6807\u9898]\uff1a\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n

DHCP\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbe\u5907\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u5206\u6790DHCP\u5305\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u4f7f\u7528tcpdump\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305<\/strong><\/p>\n

tcpdump\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8981\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

sudo tcpdump -i [\u63a5\u53e3\u540d] udp port 67 or udp port 68<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c-i\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff0cudp port 67\u8868\u793a\u76d1\u542c\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a67\u7684udp\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff08DHCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\uff0cudp port 68\u8868\u793a\u76d1\u542c\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a68\u7684udp\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff08DHCP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
sudo tcpdump -i eth0 udp port 67 or udp port 68<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5728\u63a5\u53e3eth0\u4e0a\u76d1\u542cDHCP\u5305\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u5305\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u5206\u6790DHCP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u5e94\u7b54\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528Wireshark\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177tcpdump\uff0cWireshark\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u5206\u6790\u754c\u9762\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00Wireshark\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165”udp.port==67 or udp.port==68″\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u5f00\u59cb\u6355\u83b7\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u6355\u83b7DHCP\u5305\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7Wireshark\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u67e5\u770b\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684DHCP\u5305\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u3001DHCP\u6d88\u606f\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5305\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u53ef\u80fd\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u65e0\u6cd5\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u671f\u671b\u7684DHCP\u5305\u3001\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u6e05\u6670\u7b49\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u786e\u4fdd\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • \u786e\u4fdd\u6743\u9650\u6b63\u786e\uff1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528tcpdump\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ee5root\u6216\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • \u8c03\u6574\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u8c03\u6574\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3001\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u7b49\uff1b<\/li>\n
  • \u5206\u6790\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5206\u6790\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    [\u6807\u9898]\uff1a\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 DHCP\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbe\u5907\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u5206\u6790DHCP\u5305\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 1. \u4f7f\u7528tcpdump\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305 tcpdump\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8981\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a sudo tcpdump -i [\u63a5\u53e3\u540d] udp port 67 or udp port 68 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c-i\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff0cudp port 67\u8868\u793a\u76d1\u542c\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a67\u7684udp\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff08DHCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\uff0cudp port 68\u8868\u793a\u76d1\u542c\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a68\u7684udp\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff08DHCP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff09\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a sudo tcpdump -i eth0 udp port 67 or udp port 68 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4ee5\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5728\u63a5\u53e3eth0\u4e0a\u76d1\u542cDHCP\u5305\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u5305\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u5206\u6790DHCP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u5e94\u7b54\u60c5\u51b5\u3002 2. \u4f7f\u7528Wireshark\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5de5\u5177\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305 \u9664\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177tcpdump\uff0cWireshark\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u5206\u6790\u754c\u9762\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u3002 \u6253\u5f00Wireshark\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165”udp.port==67 or udp.port==68″\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u5f00\u59cb\u6355\u83b7\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u6355\u83b7DHCP\u5305\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7Wireshark\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u67e5\u770b\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684DHCP\u5305\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u3001DHCP\u6d88\u606f\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5305\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 3. \u53ef\u80fd\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5 \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u65e0\u6cd5\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u671f\u671b\u7684DHCP\u5305\u3001\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u6e05\u6670\u7b49\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a \u786e\u4fdd\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b \u786e\u4fdd\u6743\u9650\u6b63\u786e\uff1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528tcpdump\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ee5root\u6216\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\uff1b \u8c03\u6574\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u8c03\u6574\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3001\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u7b49\uff1b \u5206\u6790\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u7684\u5305\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627eDHCP\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5206\u6790\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002 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