{"id":27039,"date":"2024-11-24T18:44:11","date_gmt":"2024-11-24T10:44:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/?p=27039"},"modified":"2024-11-24T18:44:11","modified_gmt":"2024-11-24T10:44:11","slug":"rabbitmq-amqp-%e6%b6%88%e6%81%af%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e6%94%bb%e7%95%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/27039\/","title":{"rendered":"RabbitMQ AMQP \u6d88\u606f\u6a21\u578b\u653b\u7565"},"content":{"rendered":"

AMQP \u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6a21\u578b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u56fe\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053, \u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u6d41\u7a0b\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u6d88\u606f\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u5e03(Publish)\u5230 Exchange \u4e2d.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Exchange \u6839\u636e\u961f\u5217\u7684\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5173\u7cfb\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 Queue \u4e2d.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. AMQP broker\u00a0\u6839\u636e\u8ba2\u9605\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u6d88\u8d39\u8005<\/strong>\u00a0\u6216\u00a0\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u81ea\u884c\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6d88\u606f<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n

     <\/p>\n

    Exchange \u548c Exchange \u7c7b\u578b<\/span><\/h1>\n

    Exchange \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u6d88\u606f\u5e76\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u8def\u7531\u52300\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a Queue \u4e2d, \u800c\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u53d7 Exchange \u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7ed1\u5b9a(binding) \u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd. AMQP 0-9-1 broker \u63d0\u4f9b\u5982\u4e0b\u56db\u4e2a exchange \u7c7b\u578b:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n

    \u7c7b\u578b<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \u9ed8\u8ba4\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u540d\u5b57<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    Direct Exchange<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    \u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c amq.direct<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    Fanout Exchange<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    amq.fanout<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    Topic Exchange<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    amq.topic<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    Headers Exchange<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    amq.match(\u5728 RabbitMQ \u4e2d, \u989d\u5916\u63d0\u4f9bamq.headers)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u6bcf\u4e2a Exchange \u90fd\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027:<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Name, Exchange \u7684 \u540d\u5b57<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Durability, \u662f\u5426\u662f\u6301\u4e45\u7684 Exchange, \u5f53\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6, broker \u91cd\u542f\u540e\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u6b64 Exchange<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Auto-delete, \u5f53\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6, \u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u7684 Queue \u90fd\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6, \u6b64 Exchange \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5220\u9664<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u5173\u4e8e\u9ed8\u8ba4 Exchange<\/span><\/h1>\n

      \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 exchange \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531 broker \u9884\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u533f\u540d\u7684(\u5373\u540d\u5b57\u662f\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32) direct exchagne. \u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4, \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 exchange \u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u5c5e\u6027:\u00a0\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u7ed1\u5b9a Exchnge, \u90a3\u4e48\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a queue \u90fd\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 exchagne \u4e2d, \u5e76\u4e14\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e2a queue \u7684 route key \u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2aqueue \u7684\u540d\u5b57<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a \u201csearch-indexing-online\u201d \u7684 queue, \u90a3\u4e48 AMQP broker \u4f1a\u4ee5 \u201csearch-indexing-online\u201d \u4f5c\u4e3a route key \u5c06\u6b64 queue \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 exchange \u4e2d. \u56e0\u6b64\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u4ee5 route key \u4e3a \u201csearch-indexing-online\u201d \u6295\u9012\u5230\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 exchange \u4e2d\u65f6, \u6b64\u6d88\u606f\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u8def\u7531\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a queue \u4e2d\u53bb. \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4, \u7531\u4e8e\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 exchagne \u7684\u5b58\u5728, \u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u6295\u9012\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 queue \u4e2d\u53bb\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7 exchange \u4e00\u6837.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u4f8b\u5982:<\/span><\/p>\n

      Send:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

      $conn = new \\AMQPConnection($config);\r\n$conn->connect();\r\n\r\n$channel = new \\AMQPChannel($conn);\r\n$channel->qos(0,0);\r\n\r\n$exchange = new \\AMQPExchange($channel);\r\n$result = $exchange->publish(\"hello world!\",\"queue.hello\");\r\nvar_dump($result);<\/pre>\n
      Recv:\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
      $conn = new \\AMQPConnection($config);\r\n$conn->connect();\r\n\r\n$channel = new \\AMQPChannel($conn);\r\n$channel->qos(0,0);\r\n\r\n$queue = new \\AMQPQueue($channel);\r\n$queue->setName(\"queue.hello\");\r\n$queue->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE);\r\n$queue->declareQueue();\r\n$result = $queue->get(AMQP_AUTOACK);\r\necho $queue->get(AMQP_NOPARAM)->getBody();<\/pre>\n
      \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d, \u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49 exchange, \u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u793a\u5730\u5c06 queue \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 exchange \u4e2d, \u56e0\u6b64 queue \u201chello\u201d \u5c31\u81ea\u52a8\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 exchange \u4e2d\u4e86, \u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 exchange \u4e2d, \u5176 route key \u548c queue \u540d\u4e00\u81f4, \u5373 \u201chello\u201d.\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0, \u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528:<\/span><\/p>\n
      channel.basicPublish(<\/span>\"\"<\/span>, QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes(<\/span>\"UTF-8\"<\/span>));<\/span><\/pre>\n
      \u6765\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f. \u8c03\u7528 channel.basicPublish \u65f6, \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f exchange \u540d, \u4e3a\u7a7a\u5c31\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 exchange, \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f route key, \u548c queue \u540d\u76f8\u540c.<\/span><\/p>\n
      direct exchange<\/span><\/h1>\n
      direct exchange \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u8868\u793a:<\/span><\/p>\n
      \n
       <\/p>\n
      direct exchange \u6839\u636e\u6d88\u606f\u7684 route key \u6765\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 queue \u4e2d. direct exchange \u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5355\u64ad\u53d1\u9001. direct exchange \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b:<\/span><\/p>\n
        \n
      • \u4e00\u4e2a queue \u4f7f\u7528 K \u4f5c\u4e3a route key \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 direct exchange \u4e2d.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • \u5f53direct exchange \u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a route key \u4e3a R \u7684\u6d88\u606f\u65f6, \u5982\u679c R == K, \u5219\u6b64 exchange \u4f1a\u5c06\u6b64\u6d88\u606f\u8def\u7531\u5230\u6b64 queue \u4e2d.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        direct exchange \u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u591a\u4e2a worker \u4e2d\u5206\u914d\u4efb\u52a1(\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a Master \u548c\u591a\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684 Slave). \u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u65f6, \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f:<\/span><\/p>\n
          \n
        • When doing so, it is important to understand that, in AMQP 0-9-1, messages are load balanced between consumers and not between queues.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u5373 AMQP 0-9-1 \u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u662f\u4ee5consumer\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684, \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5 queue \u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d.<\/span><\/p>\n
          fanout exchange<\/span><\/h1>\n
          \u4e00\u4e2a fanout exchange \u4f1a\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u53d1\u7ed9\u6240\u6709\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u6b64 exchange \u7684 queue \u4e2d, \u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8003\u8651 queue \u7684 route key. \u5373\u5982\u679c\u6709 N \u4e2a Queue \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a fanout exchange \u65f6, \u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u6b64 exchange \u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f\u65f6, \u4f1a\u5c06\u6b64\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u8fd9 N \u4e2a queue \u4e2d. \u7531\u4e8e\u6b64\u6027\u8d28, fanout exchange \u4e5f\u5e38\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad(broadcast).fanout \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u56fe\u8868\u793a:<\/span><\/p>\n
          \n
           <\/p>\n
          topic exchange<\/span><\/h1>\n
          topic exchange \u4f1a\u6839\u636e route key \u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u4e0e\u6b64\u6d88\u606f\u7684 route key \u76f8\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5e76\u4e14\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u6b64 exchagne \u4e2d\u7684 queue \u4e2d(\u5982\u679c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a queue \u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684 route key \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u6b64 exchange, \u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b queue \u90fd\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f). \u6839\u636e\u6b64\u6027\u8d28, topic exchange \u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0 publish\/subscribe \u6a21\u578b, \u5373\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u591a\u64ad\u6a21\u578b.<\/span><\/p>\n
          header exchange<\/h1>\n
          header exchange \u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 route key \u4f5c\u4e3a\u8def\u7531\u7684\u4f9d\u636e, \u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u5934\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u8def\u7531\u6d88\u606f.<\/span><\/p>\n
          Queue<\/span><\/h1>\n
          AMQP \u4e2d\u7684\u00a0\u961f\u5217<\/b>\u00a0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u00a0\u961f\u5217<\/b>\u00a0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7c7b\u4f3c, \u5b83\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6982\u5ff5:<\/span><\/p>\n
            \n
          • Name, \u540d\u5b57<\/span><\/li>\n
          • Durable, \u662f\u5426\u662f\u6301\u4e45\u7684. \u5f53\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6, \u5373\u4f7f broker \u91cd\u542f\u65f6, \u6b64 queue \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664.<\/span><\/li>\n
          • Exclusive, \u662f\u5426\u662f\u72ec\u5360\u7684, \u5f53\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6, \u8868\u793a\u6b64 queue \u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005, \u5e76\u4e14\u5f53\u6b64\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u65ad\u5f00\u65f6, \u6b64 queue \u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664.<\/span><\/li>\n
          • Auto-delete, \u5f53\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6, \u6b64 \u961f\u5217 \u4f1a\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u53d6\u6d88\u8ba2\u9605\u65f6\u88ab\u5220\u9664.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a \u961f\u5217 \u65f6, \u9700\u8981\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u58f0\u660e. \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728, \u90a3\u4e48 broker \u5c31\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u5b83. \u4e0d\u8fc7\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u65f6, \u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e86, \u82e5\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e00\u81f4, \u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u95ee\u9898, \u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u5148\u540e\u4e24\u6b21\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4, \u5219\u4f1a\u6709 PRECONDITION_FAILED \u9519\u8bef(\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u4e3a406).<\/span><\/p>\n
            \u5173\u4e8e\u961f\u5217\u540d<\/span><\/h1>\n
            AMQP \u7684\u961f\u5217\u540d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5 \u201camq.\u201d \u5f00\u5934, \u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u961f\u5217\u540d\u662f AMQP broker \u5185\u90e8\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684. \u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u961f\u5217\u540d\u65f6, \u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a ACCESS_REFUSED \u9519\u8bef(\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u4e3a 403)<\/span><\/p>\n
            \u5173\u4e8e\u6301\u4e45\u961f\u5217<\/span><\/h1>\n
            \u6301\u4e45\u961f\u5217\u4f1a\u88ab\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e2d, \u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f broker \u91cd\u542f\u4e86, \u6301\u4e45\u961f\u5217\u4e5f\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728.\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f, \u4e0d\u8981\u5c06\u6301\u4e45\u961f\u5217\u548c\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6df7\u6dc6. \u5f53 broker \u91cd\u542f\u65f6, \u6301\u4e45\u961f\u5217\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u65b0\u58f0\u660e, \u7136\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6d88\u606f(persistent message)\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6062\u590d.<\/span><\/p>\n
            \u961f\u5217\u7684\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/span><\/h1>\n
            \u961f\u5217\u7684\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5173\u7cfb\u662f exchagne \u7528\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u8def\u7531\u7684\u89c4\u5219, \u5373\u4e00\u4e2a exchange \u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u8def\u7531\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u6b64\u961f\u5217\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a exchange \u4e2d\u4e86. \u5f53\u961f\u5217\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a exchange \u4e2d\u65f6, \u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u53c2\u6570, \u5373 route key, \u8fd9\u4e2a key \u4f1a\u88ab direct exchange \u548c topic exchange \u4f5c\u4e3a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u800c\u4f7f\u7528, \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4, route key \u626e\u6f14\u7740\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u7684\u89d2\u8272.\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u8def\u7531\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u961f\u5217\u65f6(\u4f8b\u5982\u6b64 exchange \u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684 queue \u7ed1\u5b9a\u7740), \u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u65f6\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5c06\u6b64\u6d88\u606f\u4e22\u5f03\u8fd8\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u751f\u4ea7\u8005.<\/span><\/p>\n
            \u6d88\u8d39\u8005<\/span><\/h1>\n
            AMQP 0-9-1 \u652f\u6301\u4e24\u79cd\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f:<\/span><\/p>\n
              \n
            • push \u6a21\u5f0f, \u5373 broker \u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u7ed9\u6d88\u8d39\u8005<\/span><\/li>\n
            • pull \u6a21\u5f0f, \u5373\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e3b\u52a8\u4ece broker \u4e2d\u62c9\u53d6\u6d88\u606f.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \u5728 push \u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6, \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u544a\u77e5 broker \u5b83\u5bf9\u54ea\u4e9b\u6d88\u606f\u611f\u5174\u8da3, \u5373\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8ba2\u9605\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u4e3b\u9898. \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u60df\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26, \u5373consumer tag, \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a tag \u6765\u53d6\u6d88\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u8ba2\u9605(unsubscribe).<\/span><\/p>\n
              \u6d88\u606f\u7684 ACK<\/span><\/h1>\n
              AMQP 0-9-1 \u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u6d88\u606f ACK \u6a21\u5f0f:<\/span><\/p>\n
                \n
              • \u81ea\u52a8 ACK \u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><\/li>\n
              • \u624b\u52a8 ACK \u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \u5728\u81ea\u52a8 ACK \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b, \u5f53 broker \u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u6210\u529f\u540e, \u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u5c06\u6b64\u6d88\u606f\u4ece\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u5220\u9664, \u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7b49\u5f85\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684 ACK \u56de\u590d. \u800c\u5728\u624b\u52a8 ACK \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b, \u5f53 broker \u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u7ed9\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u65f6, \u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u5c06\u6b64\u6d88\u606f\u5220\u9664, \u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684 ACK \u56de\u590d\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u6d88\u606f. \u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u624b\u52a8 ACK \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b, \u5f53\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u540e, \u9700\u8981\u5411 broker \u663e\u793a\u5730\u53d1\u9001 ACK \u6307\u4ee4.\u5728\u624b\u52a8 ACK \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b, \u5982\u679c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u56e0\u4e3a\u610f\u5916\u7684 crash \u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u9001 ACK \u7ed9 broker, \u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u65f6 broker \u4f1a\u5c06\u6b64\u6d88\u606f\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005(\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e86, \u90a3\u4e48 broker \u4f1a\u7f13\u5b58\u6b64\u6d88\u606f, \u76f4\u5230\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6ce8\u518c).<\/span><\/p>\n
                \u62d2\u7edd\u6d88\u606f<\/span><\/h1>\n
                \u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5904\u7406\u6d88\u606f\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u6d88\u606f\u65f6, \u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9 broker \u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u62d2\u7edd\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u6307\u4ee4, \u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u8981\u6c42 broker \u4e22\u5f03\u6216\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u53d1\u6b64\u6d88\u606f.\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f, \u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005, \u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u6b64\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u62d2\u6536\u6d88\u606f\u5e76\u8981\u6c42 broker \u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u53d1\u6b64\u6d88\u606f\u65f6, \u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6b64\u6d88\u606f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5206\u53d1\u548c\u62d2\u6536, \u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af.<\/span><\/p>\n
                \u9884\u53d6\u6d88\u606f<\/span><\/h1>\n
                \u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u53d6\u6d88\u606f\u673a\u5236, \u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6279\u91cf\u53d6\u51fa\u6d88\u606f, \u7136\u540e\u5728\u5904\u7406\u540e\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6279\u91cf\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u4e00\u7684 ACK \u56de\u590d, \u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u541e\u5410\u91cf.\u4e0d\u8fc7, \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u65f6, RabbitMQ \u4ec5\u652f\u6301 channel \u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u9884\u53d6\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e, \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u9884\u53d6\u6d88\u606f\u6570\u91cf\u914d\u7f6e.<\/span><\/p>\n
                \u8fde\u63a5<\/span><\/h1>\n
                AMQP \u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u957f\u8fde\u63a5, \u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528 TCP \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae.<\/span><\/p>\n
                \u901a\u9053(Channel)<\/span><\/h1>\n
                AMQP \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d1\u8d77\u591a\u4e2a\u5bf9 broker \u7684\u8fde\u63a5, \u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u5e76\u4e14\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u914d\u7f6e. \u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4e92\u76f8\u5e72\u6270\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462? \u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898, AMQP \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Channel \u7684 \u6982\u5ff5. \u5728 AMQP 0-9-1 \u4e2d, \u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e broker \u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u88ab\u591a\u4e2a Channel \u590d\u7528\u7684, \u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 channel \u7406\u89e3\u4e3a:\u00a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u8fde\u63a5.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
                \u57fa\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 channel \u76f4\u63a5\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u7684(\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b49\u6548\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5), \u56e0\u6b64\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c broker \u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea4\u4e92\u65f6, \u9700\u8981\u9644\u5e26\u4e0a channel id.\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4, \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6d88\u8d39\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d, \u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5355\u72ec\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a channel \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u505a\u6cd5, \u800c\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a channel.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                AMQP \u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6a21\u578b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a: \u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u56fe\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053, \u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u6d41\u7a0b\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4: \u6d88\u606f\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u5e03(Publish)\u5230 Exchange \u4e2d. Exchange \u6839\u636e\u961f\u5217\u7684\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5173\u7cfb\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 Queue \u4e2d. AMQP broker\u00a0\u6839\u636e\u8ba2\u9605\u89c4\u5219\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u00a0\u6216\u00a0\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u81ea\u884c\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6d88\u606f.   Exchange \u548c Exchange \u7c7b\u578b Exchange \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u6d88\u606f\u5e76\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u8def\u7531\u52300\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a Queue \u4e2d, \u800c\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u53d7 Exchange \u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7ed1\u5b9a(binding) \u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd. AMQP 0-9-1 broker \u63d0\u4f9b\u5982\u4e0b\u56db\u4e2a exchange \u7c7b\u578b: \u7c7b\u578b \u9ed8\u8ba4\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u540d\u5b57 Direct Exchange \u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c amq.direct Fanout Exchange amq.fanout Topic Exchange amq.topic Headers Exchange amq.match(\u5728 RabbitMQ \u4e2d, \u989d\u5916\u63d0\u4f9bamq.headers) \u6bcf\u4e2a Exchange \u90fd\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027: Name, Exchange […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27039","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-docker"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27039","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27039"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27039\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27051,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27039\/revisions\/27051"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27039"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27039"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27039"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}