{"id":3769,"date":"2024-11-10T15:34:21","date_gmt":"2024-11-10T07:34:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/3769\/"},"modified":"2024-11-10T15:34:21","modified_gmt":"2024-11-10T07:34:21","slug":"%e5%89%8d%e7%ab%af%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e9%a9%b1%e5%8a%a8%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91-tdd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/3769\/","title":{"rendered":"\u524d\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1 (TDD)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u524d\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1<\/p>\n

\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9a71\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\uff08tdd\uff09\u56e0\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u51cf\u5c11\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u800c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u867d\u7136 tdd \u5728\u540e\u7aef\u548c api \u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5728\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u540c\u6837\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u524d\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c3d\u65e9\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u5e76\u81ea\u4fe1\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u6784\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u63a2\u7d22 tdd\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u5b83\u7684\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u5e76\u6f14\u7ec3\u4f7f\u7528 react \u548c javascript \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 tdd\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u524d\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u6e32\u67d3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5f02\u6b65\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u3002 tdd \u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5176\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c ui \u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002 tdd \u5728\u524d\u7aef\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5236\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u6765\u9f13\u52b1\u5e72\u51c0\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7acb\u5373\u5b66\u4e60<\/span>\u201c\u201d\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u6295\u5165\u751f\u4ea7\u4e4b\u524d\u6355\u83b7\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u56de\u5f52\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff1atdd \u786e\u4fdd\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u6309\u9884\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u6d41\u7545\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u6784\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7f51\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u6784\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u7834\u574f\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

tdd \u5728\u524d\u7aef\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u7ea2-\u7eff-\u91cd\u6784\u5faa\u73af<\/strong><\/p>\n

tdd \u6d41\u7a0b\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e09\u6b65\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u7ea2\u8272\u3001\u7eff\u8272\u3001\u91cd\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ea2\u8272 – \u4e3a\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5c1a\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6700\u521d\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7eff\u8272 – \u7f16\u5199\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u3002
\u91cd\u6784 – \u6e05\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u800c\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u901a\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5728 react \u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u7b80\u5355\u641c\u7d22\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u5e94\u7528 tdd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5728 react \u4e2d\u4e3a\u641c\u7d22\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0 tdd<\/strong>
\u7b2c 1 \u6b65\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n

\u8981\u8ddf\u968f\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n

react \u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa ui \u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002
\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684 jest \u548c react \u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

# install dependencies\nnpx create-react-app tdd-search-component\ncd tdd-search-component\nnpm install @testing-library\/react\n\n<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c 2 \u6b65\uff1a\u7ea2\u8272\u9636\u6bb5 \u2013 \u7f16\u5199\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9879\u76ee\u5217\u8868\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u9996\u5148\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u7ec4\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ search.test.js\nimport { render, screen, fireevent } from \"@testing-library\/react\";\nimport search from \".\/search\";\n\ntest(\"filters items based on the search query\", () => {\n  const items = [\"apple\", \"banana\", \"cherry\"];\n  render(<search items={items} \/>);\n\n  \/\/ ensure all items are rendered initially\n  items.foreach(item => {\n    expect(screen.getbytext(item)).tobeinthedocument();\n  });\n\n  \/\/ type in the search box\n  fireevent.change(screen.getbyrole(\"textbox\"), { target: { value: \"a\" } });\n\n  \/\/ check that only items containing \"a\" are displayed\n  expect(screen.getbytext(\"apple\")).tobeinthedocument();\n  expect(screen.getbytext(\"banana\")).tobeinthedocument();\n  expect(screen.querybytext(\"cherry\")).not.tobeinthedocument();\n});\n\n<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u9879\u76ee\u6570\u7ec4\u6e32\u67d3\u641c\u7d22\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002
 \u6a21\u62df\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u6846\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u201ca\u201d\u3002
 \u65ad\u8a00\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u540e\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u641c\u7d22\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u201d\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b2c 3 \u6b65\uff1a\u7eff\u8272\u9636\u6bb5 \u2013 \u7f16\u5199\u6700\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u641c\u7d22\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5e76\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ search.js\nimport react, { usestate } from \"react\";\n\nfunction search({ items }) {\n  const [query, setquery] = usestate(\"\");\n\n  const filtereditems = items.filter(item =>\n    item.tolowercase().includes(query.tolowercase())\n  );\n\n  return (\n    <div>\n      <input\n        type=\"text\"\n        placeholder=\"search...\"\n        value={query}\n        onchange={(e) => setquery(e.target.value)}\n      \/>\n      <ul>\n        {filtereditems.map((item) => (\n          <li key={item}>{item}<\/li>\n        ))}\n      <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n  );\n}\n\nexport default search;\n\n<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 usestate \u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u641c\u7d22\u67e5\u8be2\u3002
 \u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9879\u76ee\u6570\u7ec4\u3002
 \u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u6e32\u67d3\u4e0e\u67e5\u8be2\u5339\u914d\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u7eff\u8272\u201d\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\uff1a\u91cd\u6784\u2014\u2014\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027<\/p>\n
\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u4e86\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u91cd\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u5c06\u8fc7\u6ee4\u903b\u8f91\u63d0\u53d6\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7ec4\u4ef6\u66f4\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ refactored search.js\nimport react, { usestate } from \"react\";\n\nfunction filteritems(items, query) {\n  return items.filter(item =>\n    item.tolowercase().includes(query.tolowercase())\n  );\n}\n\nfunction search({ items }) {\n  const [query, setquery] = usestate(\"\");\n  const filtereditems = filteritems(items, query);\n\n  return (\n    <div>\n      <input\n        type=\"text\"\n        placeholder=\"search...\"\n        value={query}\n        onchange={(e) => setquery(e.target.value)}\n      \/>\n      <ul>\n        {filtereditems.map((item) => (\n          <li key={item}>{item}<\/li>\n        ))}\n      <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n  );\n}\n\nexport default search;\n\n<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u6784\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u903b\u8f91\u66f4\u52a0\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4ecd\u6309\u9884\u671f\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u8fb9\u7f18\u60c5\u51b5\u7684 tdd<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5728 tdd \u4e2d\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u8fb9\u7f18\u60c5\u51b5\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8bf8\u5982\u7a7a\u9879\u76ee\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8bcd\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fb9\u7f18\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n
test(\"displays no items if the search query doesn't match any items\", () => {\n  const items = [\"apple\", \"banana\", \"cherry\"];\n  render(<search items={items} \/>);\n\n  \/\/ type a query that doesn't match any items\n  fireevent.change(screen.getbyrole(\"textbox\"), { target: { value: \"z\" } });\n\n  \/\/ verify no items are displayed\n  items.foreach(item => {\n    expect(screen.querybytext(item)).not.tobeinthedocument();\n  });\n});\n\ntest(\"renders correctly with an empty items array\", () => {\n  render(<search items={[]} \/>);\n\n  \/\/ expect no list items to be displayed\n  expect(screen.querybyrole(\"listitem\")).not.tobeinthedocument();\n});\n\n<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u786e\u4fdd\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f02\u6b65\u524d\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684 tdd<\/p>\n
\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece api \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002 tdd \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u6b65\u884c\u4e3a\u3002
 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f02\u6b65\u641c\u7d22\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4ece api \u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a prop \u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ asyncsearch.js\nimport react, { usestate, useeffect } from \"react\";\n\nfunction asyncsearch() {\n  const [query, setquery] = usestate(\"\");\n  const [items, setitems] = usestate([]);\n\n  useeffect(() => {\n    async function fetchdata() {\n      const response = await fetch(`https:\/\/api.example.com\/search?q=${query}`);\n      const data = await response.json();\n      setitems(data);\n    }\n    if (query) fetchdata();\n  }, [query]);\n\n  return (\n    <div>\n      <input\n        type=\"text\"\n        placeholder=\"search...\"\n        value={query}\n        onchange={(e) => setquery(e.target.value)}\n      \/>\n      <ul>\n        {items.map((item) => (\n          <li key={item}>{item}<\/li>\n        ))}\n      <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n  );\n}\n\nexport default asyncsearch;\n\n<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 jest.fn() \u6765\u6a21\u62df api \u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n
import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from \"@testing-library\/react\";\nimport AsyncSearch from \".\/AsyncSearch\";\n\nglobal.fetch = jest.fn(() =>\n  Promise.resolve({\n    json: () => Promise.resolve([\"apple\", \"banana\"]),\n  })\n);\n\ntest(\"fetches and displays items based on the search query\", async () => {\n  render(<AsyncSearch \/>);\n\n  fireEvent.change(screen.getByRole(\"textbox\"), { target: { value: \"a\" } });\n\n  \/\/ Wait for the items to be fetched and rendered\n  await waitFor(() => {\n    expect(screen.getByText(\"apple\")).toBeInTheDocument();\n    expect(screen.getByText(\"banana\")).toBeInTheDocument();\n  });\n});\n\n<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u524d\u7aef tdd \u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u5c0f\u5904\u5f00\u59cb\uff1a\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002
 \u7f16\u5199\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u8be5\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u3002
 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\uff1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u70b9\u51fb\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002
 \u8986\u76d6\u8fb9\u7f18\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u8f93\u5165\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u3002
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