{"id":4180,"date":"2024-11-11T10:03:07","date_gmt":"2024-11-11T02:03:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/4180\/"},"modified":"2024-11-11T10:03:07","modified_gmt":"2024-11-11T02:03:07","slug":"dockerfile-%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/4180\/","title":{"rendered":"Dockerfile \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dockerfile \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h1>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u65e8\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u521b\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684 Dockerfile\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u56fe\u50cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002 Docker \u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u683c\u63a7\u5236\u4e14\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8f83\u5c0f\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u4f4e\u4e8e 6 MB\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u5173\u8be5FROM<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 \u3002<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u56fe\u50cf\u6dfb\u52a0\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6309\u9879\u76ee\u7ec4\u7ec7\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u8bb8\u53ef\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6216\u51fa\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0LABEL<\/code>\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u6ce8\u91ca\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e26\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5f15\u53f7\u5f15\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u7a7a\u683c\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u4e49\u3002\u5185\u5f15\u53f7\u5b57\u7b26 ( \"<\/code>) \u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u8f6c\u4e49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

<\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n

# Set one or more individual labels<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>LABEL<\/span> com.example.version=<\/span>\"0.0.1-beta\"<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>LABEL<\/span> vendor1<\/span>=<\/span>\"ACME Incorporated\"<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>LABEL<\/span> vendor2<\/span>=<\/span>ZENITH\\ <\/span>Incorporated <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>LABEL<\/span> com.example.release-date=<\/span>\"2015-02-12\"<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>LABEL<\/span> com.example.version.is-production=<\/span>\"\"<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u50cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u5728 Docker 1.10 \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e00\u6761LABEL<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u521b\u5efa\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u652f\u6301\u7ec4\u5408\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
# Set multiple labels on one line<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>LABEL<\/span> com.example.version=<\/span>\"0.0.1-beta\"<\/span> com.example.release-date=<\/span>\"2015-02-12\"<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
# Set multiple labels at once, using line-continuation characters to break long lines<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>LABEL<\/span> vendor<\/span>=<\/span>ACME\\ <\/span>Incorporated \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> com.example.is-beta=<\/span> \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> com.example.is-production=<\/span>\"\"<\/span> \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> com.example.version=<\/span>\"0.0.1-beta\"<\/span> \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> com.example.release-date=<\/span>\"2015-02-12\"<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
 \u6709\u5173\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 \u4e2d\u4e0e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6761\u76ee \u3002\u53e6\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Dockerfile \u53c2\u8003\u4e2d\u7684<\/p>\n
<\/h3>\n
\u5c06\u957f\u6216\u590d\u6742\u7684RUN<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u53cd\u659c\u6760\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f Dockerfile \u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606fRUN<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Dockerfile \u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/h4>\n
\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\u53ef\u80fdRUN<\/code>\u662fapt-get<\/code>.\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5RUN apt-get<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fdd\u53cd\u76f4\u89c9\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u59cb\u7ec8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u7ed3\u5408RUN apt-get update<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528 \u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aapt-get install<\/code>RUN<\/code><\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
RUN<\/span> apt-get update &&<\/span> apt-get install -y \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> package-bar \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> package-baz \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> package-foo \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> &&<\/span> rm -rf \/var\/lib\/apt\/lists\/*<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
apt-get update<\/code>\u5728\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528RUN<\/code>\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f13\u5b58\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u540e\u7eedapt-get install<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b Dockerfile \u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
# syntax=docker\/dockerfile:1<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>FROM<\/span> ubuntu:22.04<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>RUN<\/span> apt-get update <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>RUN<\/span> apt-get install -y curl<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6784\u5efa\u955c\u50cf\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5c42\u90fd\u5728 Docker \u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u60a8\u7a0d\u540eapt-get install<\/code>\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b Dockerfile \u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
# syntax=docker\/dockerfile:1<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>FROM<\/span> ubuntu:22.04<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>RUN<\/span> apt-get update <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>RUN<\/span> apt-get install -y curl nginx<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
Docker \u5c06\u521d\u59cb\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u89c6\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0capt-get update<\/code>\u7531\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u3002\u7531\u4e8eapt-get update<\/code>\u672a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u65f6\u7248\u672c\u7684curl<\/code>\u548c nginx<\/code>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y<\/code>\u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684 Dockerfile \u5b89\u88c5\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7f16\u7801\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u5e72\u9884\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f13\u5b58\u6e05\u9664\u3002\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u5305\u7248\u672c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f13\u5b58\u6e05\u9664\u3002\u8fd9\u79f0\u4e3a\u7248\u672c\u56fa\u5b9a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
RUN<\/span> apt-get update &&<\/span> apt-get install -y \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> package-bar \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> package-baz \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> package-foo=<\/span>1.3.*<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7248\u672c\u56fa\u5b9a\u5f3a\u5236\u6784\u5efa\u68c0\u7d22\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u6b64\u6280\u672f\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7531\u4e8e\u6240\u9700\u5305\u7684\u610f\u5916\u66f4\u6539\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6545\u969c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u683c\u5f0f\u826f\u597d\u7684RUN<\/code>\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6240\u6709apt-get<\/code> \u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
RUN<\/span> apt-get update &&<\/span> apt-get install -y \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> aufs-tools \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> automake \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> build-essential \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> curl \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> dpkg-sig \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> libcap-dev \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> libsqlite3-dev \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> mercurial \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> reprepro \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> ruby1.9.1 \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> ruby1.9.1-dev \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> s3cmd<\/span>=<\/span>1.1.* \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> &&<\/span> rm -rf \/var\/lib\/apt\/lists\/*<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53c2\u6570s3cmd<\/code>\u6307\u5b9a\u7248\u672c1.1.*<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6620\u50cf\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u65e7\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5219\u6307\u5b9a\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548apt-get update<\/code>\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u884c\u5217\u51fa\u5305\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5305\u91cd\u590d\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5f53\u60a8\u901a\u8fc7\u5220\u9664 apt \u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u6e05\u7406\/var\/lib\/apt\/lists<\/code>\u5b83\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c0f\u56fe\u50cf\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a apt \u7f13\u5b58\u4e0d\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u56fe\u5c42\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5 RUN<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u4ee5 \u5f00\u5934apt-get update<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5305\u7f13\u5b58\u603b\u662f\u5728 \u4e4b\u524d\u5237\u65b0apt-get install<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b98\u65b9 Debian \u548c Ubuntu \u955c\u50cf \uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/h4>\n
\u67d0\u4e9bRUN<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u5b57\u7b26 ( ) \u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u80fd\u529b|<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u4f8b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
RUN<\/span> wget -O - https:\/\/some.site |<\/span> wc -l > \/number<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
Docker \u4f7f\u7528\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\/bin\/sh -c<\/code>\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4ec5\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ba1\u9053\u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u547d\u4ee4wc -l<\/code>\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u6b64\u6784\u5efa\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u529f\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u6620\u50cf\uff0c\u5373\u4f7fwget<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5e0c\u671b\u547d\u4ee4\u7531\u4e8e\u7ba1\u9053\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u800c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u8bf7\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u7f6eset -o pipefail &&<\/code>\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u610f\u5916\u9519\u8bef\u9632\u6b62\u6784\u5efa\u610f\u5916\u6210\u529f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
RUN<\/span> set<\/span> -o pipefail &&<\/span> wget -O - https:\/\/some.site |<\/span> wc -l > \/number<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\n
\u7b14\u8bb0<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709 shell \u90fd\u652f\u6301\u8be5-o pipefail<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n
dash<\/code>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e Debian \u7684\u6620\u50cf\u4e0a\u7684 shell\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528exec<\/em>\u5f62\u5f0fRUN<\/code>\u6765\u663e\u5f0f\u9009\u62e9\u652f\u6301\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u7684 shell pipefail<\/code>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
  <\/span>
\n  <\/span> <\/p>\n
RUN<\/span> [<\/span>\"\/bin\/bash\"<\/span>, \"-c\"<\/span>, \"set -o pipefail && wget -O - https:\/\/some.site | wc -l > \/number\"<\/span>]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n
<\/h3>\n
\u8be5CMD<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u5e94\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570\u4e00\u8d77\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u6620\u50cf\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002CMD<\/code>\u51e0\u4e4e\u5e94\u8be5\u603b\u662f\u4ee5 \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528CMD [\"executable\", \"param1\", \"param2\"]<\/code>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6620\u50cf\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Apache \u548c Rails\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u8fd0\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3cCMD [\"apache2\",\"-DFOREGROUND\"]<\/code>.\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u57fa\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u90fd\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cCMD<\/code>\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f shell\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 bash\u3001python \u548c perl\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCMD [\"perl\", \"-de0\"]<\/code>\u3001CMD [\"python\"]<\/code>\u3001 \u6216CMD [\"php\", \"-a\"]<\/code>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f53\u60a8\u6267\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6 docker run -it python<\/code>\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u7684 shell\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u7eea\u3002 \u5f88\u5c11\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5\u4e0e \u7ed3\u5408\u7684 CMD<\/code>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u60a8\u548c\u60a8\u7684\u9884\u671f\u7528\u6237\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u719f\u6089\u5982\u4f55 \u5de5\u4f5c\u3002CMD [\"param\", \"param\"]<\/code>ENTRYPOINT<\/code><\/p>\n
\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606fCMD<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Dockerfile \u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/h3>\n
\u8be5EXPOSE<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u6307\u793a\u5bb9\u5668\u4fa6\u542c\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u7528\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5305\u542b Apache Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6620\u50cf\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528EXPOSE 80<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u5305\u542b MongoDB \u7684\u6620\u50cf\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528EXPOSE 27017<\/code>\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u60a8\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5docker run<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u6765\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bb9\u5668\u94fe\u63a5\uff0cDocker \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ece\u63a5\u6536\u5bb9\u5668\u5230\u6e90\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cMYSQL_PORT_3306_TCP<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606fEXPOSE<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Dockerfile \u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/h3>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765ENV<\/code>\u66f4\u65b0 PATH<\/code>\u5bb9\u5668\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cENV PATH=\/usr\/local\/nginx\/bin:$PATH<\/code>\u786e\u4fddCMD [\"nginx\"]<\/code> \u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8be5ENV<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 Postgres \u7684 PGDATA<\/code>.<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0cENV<\/code>\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7248\u672c\u5347\u7ea7\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u4f8b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
ENV<\/span> PG_MAJOR<\/span>=<\/span>9<\/span>.3 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ENV<\/span> PG_VERSION<\/span>=<\/span>9<\/span>.3.4 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>RUN<\/span> curl -SL https:\/\/example.com\/postgres-$PG_VERSION<\/span>.tar.xz |<\/span> tar -xJC \/usr\/src\/postgres &&<\/span> \u2026 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ENV<\/span> PATH<\/span>=<\/span>\/usr\/local\/postgres-$PG_MAJOR<\/span>\/bin:$PATH<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0e\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u503c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u66f4\u6539\u5355\u4e2aENV<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u6539\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bcfENV<\/code>\u884c\u90fd\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\uff0c\u5c31\u50cfRUN<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5373\u4f7f\u60a8\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5c42\u4e2d\u53d6\u6d88\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u8be5\u5c42\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u50a8\u5176\u503c\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684 Dockerfile\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6784\u5efa\u5b83\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
# syntax=docker\/dockerfile:1<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>FROM<\/span> alpine<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ENV<\/span> ADMIN_USER<\/span>=<\/span>\"mark\"<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>RUN<\/span> echo<\/span> $ADMIN_USER<\/span> > .\/mark <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>RUN<\/span> unset<\/span> ADMIN_USER<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
$<\/span> docker run --rm test<\/span> sh -c 'echo $ADMIN_USER'<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>mark <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5e76\u771f\u6b63\u53d6\u6d88\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528RUN<\/code>\u5e26\u6709 shell \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ee5\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u5c42\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u53d6\u6d88\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528;<\/code>\u6216\u5206\u9694\u547d\u4ee4&&<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5219\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4docker build<\/code>\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u4e3b\u610f\u3002\u7528\u4f5c\\<\/code>Linux Dockerfile \u7684\u7eed\u884c\u7b26\u53ef\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u653e\u5165 shell \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8ba9\u547d\u4ee4RUN<\/code>\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5 shell \u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
# syntax=docker\/dockerfile:1<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>FROM<\/span> alpine<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>RUN<\/span> export<\/span> ADMIN_USER<\/span>=<\/span>\"mark\"<\/span> \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> &&<\/span> echo<\/span> $ADMIN_USER<\/span> > .\/mark \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> &&<\/span> unset<\/span> ADMIN_USER <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>CMD<\/span> sh<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
$<\/span> docker run --rm test<\/span> sh -c 'echo $ADMIN_USER'<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606fENV<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Dockerfile \u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/h3>\n
ADD<\/code>\u5e76\u4e14COPY<\/code>\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u652f\u6301\u4ece \u4e2d\u7684\u9636\u6bb5 COPY<\/code>\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u57fa\u672c\u590d\u5236\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d \u3002 \u652f\u6301\u4ece\u8fdc\u7a0b HTTPS \u548c Git URL \u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u6784\u5efa\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6dfb\u52a0\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u53d6 tar \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002ADD<\/code><\/p>\n
\u60a8\u6700\u60f3\u7528\u4e8eCOPY<\/code>\u5728\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e34\u65f6\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4ece\u6784\u5efa\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u4ee5\u6267\u884cRUN<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5COPY<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u7ed1\u5b9a\u6302\u8f7d\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u4e34\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0requirements.txt<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u6587\u4ef6RUN pip install<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
RUN<\/span> --mount=<\/span>type<\/span>=<\/span>bind,source=<\/span>requirements.txt,target=<\/span>\/tmp\/requirements.txt \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> pip install --requirement \/tmp\/requirements.txt<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
COPY<\/code>\u7ed1\u5b9a\u6302\u8f7d\u6bd4\u5c06\u6784\u5efa\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u5355\u4e2aRUN<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u4e34\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u6620\u50cf\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u6620\u50cf\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6784\u5efa\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528COPY<\/code>.<\/p>\n
ADD<\/code>\u5f53\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5de5\u4ef6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u8bf4\u660e\u6700\u9002\u5408\u3002\u6bd4\u4f7f\u7528\u548cADD<\/code>\u7b49\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7f13\u5b58\u3002 \u8fd8\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u5bf9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790 \u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3001\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002wget<\/code>tar<\/code>ADD<\/code><\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u7528\u4e8eADD<\/code>\u4e0b\u8f7d .NET \u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u53ea\u6709.NET\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u6700\u540e\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u95f4\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
 <\/span>
\n <\/span> <\/p>\n
# syntax=docker\/dockerfile:1<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>FROM<\/span> scratch AS src<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ARG<\/span> DOTNET_VERSION<\/span>=<\/span>8<\/span>.0.0-preview.6.23329.7 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ADD<\/span> --checksum=<\/span>sha256:270d731bd08040c6a3228115de1f74b91cf441c584139ff8f8f6503447cebdbb \\ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> https:\/\/dotnetcli.azureedge.net\/dotnet\/Runtime\/$DOTNET_VERSION<\/span>\/dotnet-runtime-$DOTNET_VERSION<\/span>-linux-arm64.tar.gz \/dotnet.tar.gz <\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>FROM<\/span> mcr.microsoft.com\/dotnet\/runtime-deps:8.0.0-preview.6-bookworm-slim-arm64v8 AS installer<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span># Retrieve .NET Runtime<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>RUN<\/span> --mount=<\/span>from<\/span>=<\/span>src,target=<\/span>\/src <<EOF <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>mkdir -p \/dotnet <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>tar -oxzf \/src\/dotnet.tar.gz -C \/dotnet <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>EOF <\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>FROM<\/span> mcr.microsoft.com\/dotnet\/runtime-deps:8.0.0-preview.6-bookworm-slim-arm64v8<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>COPY<\/span> --from=<\/span>installer \/dotnet \/usr\/share\/dotnet <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>RUN<\/span> ln -s \/usr\/share\/dotnet\/dotnet \/usr\/bin\/dotnet<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6709\u5173ADD<\/code>\u6216 \u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606fCOPY<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  • <\/li>\n
  • <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    <\/h3>\n
    \u6700\u597d\u7684\u7528\u9014ENTRYPOINT<\/code>\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u4e3b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u56fe\u50cf\u50cf\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u6837\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u4f5cCMD<\/code>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u793a\u4f8bs3cmd<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
     <\/span>
    \n <\/span> <\/p>\n
    ENTRYPOINT<\/span> [<\/span>\"s3cmd\"<\/span>]<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>CMD<\/span> [<\/span>\"--help\"<\/span>]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u6620\u50cf\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff1a<\/p>\n
     <\/span>
    \n <\/span> <\/p>\n
    $<\/span> docker run s3cmd <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u6216\u8005\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u4f8b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
     <\/span>
    \n <\/span> <\/p>\n
    $<\/span> docker run s3cmd ls s3:\/\/mybucket <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fd9\u5f88\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fe\u50cf\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u4ee5\u517c\u4f5c\u5bf9\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u8be5ENTRYPOINT<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5e2e\u52a9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u811a\u672c\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4ee5\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u542f\u52a8\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c  \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u811a\u672c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176ENTRYPOINT<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
     <\/span>
    \n <\/span> <\/p>\n
    #!\/bin\/bash <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>set<\/span> -e <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>if<\/span> [<\/span> \"<\/span>$1<\/span>\"<\/span> =<\/span> 'postgres'<\/span> ]<\/span>;<\/span> then<\/span> <\/span><\/span> chown -R postgres \"<\/span>$PGDATA<\/span>\"<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> if<\/span> [<\/span> -z \"<\/span>$(<\/span>ls -A \"<\/span>$PGDATA<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\"<\/span> ]<\/span>;<\/span> then<\/span> <\/span><\/span> gosu postgres initdb <\/span><\/span> fi<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> exec<\/span> gosu postgres \"<\/span>$@<\/span>\"<\/span> <\/span><\/span>fi<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>exec<\/span> \"<\/span>$@<\/span>\"<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8be5\u811a\u672c\u4f7f\u7528 \uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6210\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u7684 PID 1\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a5\u6536\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u4efb\u4f55 Unix \u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u6709\u5173\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 \u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u811a\u672c\u88ab\u590d\u5236\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7ENTRYPOINT<\/code>\u5bb9\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n
     <\/span>
    \n <\/span> <\/p>\n
    COPY<\/span> .\/docker-entrypoint.sh \/ <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ENTRYPOINT<\/span> [<\/span>\"\/docker-entrypoint.sh\"<\/span>]<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>CMD<\/span> [<\/span>\"postgres\"<\/span>]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8be5\u811a\u672c\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u4ee5\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e Postgres \u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u542f\u52a8 Postgres\uff1a<\/p>\n
     <\/span>
    \n <\/span> <\/p>\n
    $<\/span> docker run postgres <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u6216\u8005\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8fd0\u884c Postgres \u5e76\u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n
     <\/span>
    \n <\/span> <\/p>\n
    $<\/span> docker run postgres postgres --help <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Bash\uff1a<\/p>\n
     <\/span>
    \n <\/span> <\/p>\n
    $<\/span> docker run --rm -it postgres bash <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606fENTRYPOINT<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Dockerfile \u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
    <\/h3>\n
    \u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5VOLUME<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u516c\u5f00 Docker \u5bb9\u5668\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\u57df\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u5b58\u50a8\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528VOLUME<\/code>\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u6216\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u670d\u52a1\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u7ec4\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606fVOLUME<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Dockerfile \u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
    <\/h3>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528USER<\/code>\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u975e root \u7528\u6237\u3002\u9996\u5148\u5728 Dockerfile \u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
     <\/span>
    \n <\/span> <\/p>\n
    RUN<\/span> groupadd -r postgres &&<\/span> useradd --no-log-init -r -g postgres postgres<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
    \n
    \u7b14\u8bb0<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u8003\u8651\u663e\u5f0f UID\/GID\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u6620\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u4f1a\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684 UID\/GID\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u8bba\u6620\u50cf\u662f\u5426\u91cd\u5efa\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5206\u914d\u201c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u201dUID\/GID\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u5f0f\u7684 UID\/GID\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
    \n
    \u7b14\u8bb0<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u7531\u4e8e Go archive\/tar \u5305\u5904\u7406\u7a00\u758f\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728 Docker \u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u521b\u5efa\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684 UID \u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u78c1\u76d8\u8017\u5c3d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\/var\/log\/faillog<\/code>\u5bb9\u5668\u5c42\u4e2d\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86 NULL (\\0) \u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06--no-log-init<\/code>\u6807\u5fd7\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 useradd\u3002 Debian\/Ubuntuadduser<\/code>\u5305\u88c5\u5668\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6b64\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
    \u907f\u514d\u5b89\u88c5\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\uff0csudo<\/code>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684 TTY \u548c\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u53d1\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7edd\u5bf9\u9700\u8981\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7684\u529f\u80fdsudo<\/code>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a\u975eroot<\/code>\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0broot<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528 \u3002<\/p>\n
    \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11\u5c42\u6b21\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u907f\u514dUSER<\/code>\u9891\u7e41\u6765\u56de\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606fUSER<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Dockerfile \u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
    <\/h3>\n
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u6e05\u6670\u548c\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684 WORKDIR<\/code>.\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528WORKDIR<\/code>\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6307\u4ee4RUN cd \u2026 && do-something<\/code>\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u96be\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u6392\u9664\u6545\u969c\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606fWORKDIR<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Dockerfile \u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n
    <\/h3>\n
    ONBUILD<\/code>\u5f53\u524d Dockerfile \u6784\u5efa\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4 \u3002\u5728\u6d3e\u751f\u5f53\u524d\u56fe\u50cfONBUILD<\/code>\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5b50\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u3002FROM<\/code>\u5c06\u8be5ONBUILD<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u89c6\u4e3a\u7236 Dockerfile \u5411\u5b50 Dockerfile \u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
    Docker \u6784\u5efaONBUILD<\/code>\u5728\u5b50 Dockerfile \u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
    ONBUILD<\/code>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8981\u6784\u5efaFROM<\/code>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ONBUILD<\/code>\u8bed\u8a00\u5806\u6808\u6620\u50cf\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u5728 Dockerfile \u4e2d\u4ee5\u8be5\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u7528\u6237\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u60a8\u5728 \u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u56fe\u50cfONBUILD<\/code>\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c ruby:1.9-onbuild<\/code>\u6216ruby:2.0-onbuild<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
    ADD<\/code>\u653e\u5165\u6216COPY<\/code>\u653e\u5165\u65f6\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3ONBUILD<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7f3a\u5c11\u6b63\u5728\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5219 onbuild \u6620\u50cf\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u707e\u96be\u6027\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u6dfb\u52a0\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9 Dockerfile \u4f5c\u8005\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7f13\u89e3\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606fONBUILD<\/code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Dockerfile \u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Dockerfile \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u65e8\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u521b\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684 Dockerfile\u3002 \u53ea\u8981\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u56fe\u50cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002 Docker \u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 \uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u683c\u63a7\u5236\u4e14\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8f83\u5c0f\uff08\u76ee\u524d\u4f4e\u4e8e 6 MB\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u3002 \u6709\u5173\u8be5FROM\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 \u3002 \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u56fe\u50cf\u6dfb\u52a0\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6309\u9879\u76ee\u7ec4\u7ec7\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u8bb8\u53ef\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6216\u51fa\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0LABEL\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u6ce8\u91ca\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5185\u3002 \u5e26\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5f15\u53f7\u5f15\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u7a7a\u683c\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u4e49\u3002\u5185\u5f15\u53f7\u5b57\u7b26 ( “) \u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u8f6c\u4e49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a # Set one or more individual labels LABEL com.example.version=”0.0.1-beta” LABEL vendor1=”ACME Incorporated” LABEL vendor2=ZENITH\\ Incorporated LABEL com.example.release-date=”2015-02-12″ LABEL com.example.version.is-production=”” \u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u50cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u5728 Docker 1.10 \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e00\u6761LABEL\u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u521b\u5efa\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u652f\u6301\u7ec4\u5408\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a # Set multiple labels on one line LABEL com.example.version=”0.0.1-beta” com.example.release-date=”2015-02-12″ \u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\uff1a # Set […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-docker"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4180"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4180\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}