{"id":49699,"date":"2024-12-03T08:01:11","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T00:01:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/49699\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T08:01:11","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T00:01:11","slug":"alembic-%e5%92%8c-sqlalchemy-%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/49699\/","title":{"rendered":"Alembic \u548c SQLAlchemy \u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/b> <\/p>\n

Alembic \u548c SQLAlchemy \u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h1>\n

\u79ef\u7d2f\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u80dc\u8fc7\u79ef\u84c4\u91d1\u94f6\uff01\u6bd5\u7adf\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u638c\u63e1\u597d\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u672c\u6587\u300aAlembic \u548c SQLAlchemy \u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\uff0c\u5c31\u5e26\u5927\u5bb6\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u4f60\u5bf9\u672c\u6587\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u60f3\u641e\u61c2\u5176\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf7\u4f60\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f80\u4e0b\u770b\u5427~<\/p>\n

\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 alembic \u548c sqlalchemy \u65f6\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fdd\u6301\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u5e8f\u3001\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ef4\u62a4\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u6b21\u5730\u8ba9\u6211\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a<\/li>\n
  2. \u6309\u65e5\u671f\u5bf9\u8fc1\u79fb\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f<\/li>\n
  3. \u8868\u3001\u5217\u548c\u8fc1\u79fb\u6ce8\u91ca<\/li>\n
  4. \u65e0\u6a21\u578b\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n
  5. \u8fc1\u79fb\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08\u697c\u68af\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09<\/li>\n
  6. \u8fd0\u884c\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n
  7. \u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u4f7f\u7528 mixins<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    sqlalchemy \u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6210\u8fc1\u79fb\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8868\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u60a8\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u547d\u540d\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u5916\u952e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u4e14\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8981\u5728\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u8bf7\u5411\u57fa\u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a0\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf alembic \u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u9700\u7684\u547d\u540d\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    from sqlalchemy import metadata\nfrom sqlalchemy.orm import declarativebase\n\nconvention = {\n    'all_column_names': lambda constraint, table: '_'.join(\n        [column.name for column in constraint.columns.values()]\n    ),\n    'ix': 'ix__%(table_name)s__%(all_column_names)s',\n    'uq': 'uq__%(table_name)s__%(all_column_names)s',\n    'ck': 'ck__%(table_name)s__%(constraint_name)s',\n    'fk': 'fk__%(table_name)s__%(all_column_names)s__%(referred_table_name)s',\n    'pk': 'pk__%(table_name)s',\n}\n\nclass basemodel(declarativebase):\n    metadata = metadata(naming_convention=convention)\n<\/pre>\n
    alembic \u8fc1\u79fb\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u4fee\u8ba2\u6807\u7b7e\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u987a\u5e8f\u663e\u5f97\u968f\u673a\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u5b83\u4eec\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
    alembic \u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528 file_template \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5728 alembic.ini \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fc1\u79fb\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6a21\u677f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u547d\u540d\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u8ba9\u8fc1\u79fb\u4fdd\u6301\u4e95\u4e95\u6709\u6761\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u57fa\u4e8e\u65e5\u671f\uff1a <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      file_template = %%(year)d-%%(month).2d-%%(day).2d_%%(rev)s_%%(slug)s\n<\/pre>\n
        \n
      1. \u57fa\u4e8e unix \u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff1a <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        file_template = %%(epoch)d_%%(rev)s_%%(slug)s\n<\/pre>\n
        \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u671f\u6216 unix \u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u8fc1\u79fb\u4fdd\u6301\u4e95\u4e95\u6709\u6761\uff0c\u4f7f\u5bfc\u822a\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u6211\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u4f7f\u7528 unix \u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u56e2\u961f\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca\u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e sqlalchemy \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u5217\u548c\u8868\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f dba \u6216\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u8868\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n
        class event(basemodel):\n    __table_args__ = {'comment': 'system (service) event'}\n\n    id: mapped[uuid.uuid] = mapped_column(\n        uuid(as_uuid=true),\n        primary_key=true,\n        comment='event id - pk',\n    )\n    service_id: mapped[int] = mapped_column(\n        sa.integer,\n        sa.foreignkey(\n            f'{integrationservicemodel.__tablename__}.id',\n            ondelete='cascade',\n        ),\n        nullable=false,\n        comment='fk to integration service that owns the event',\n    )\n    name: mapped[str] = mapped_column(\n        sa.string(256), nullable=false, comment='event name'\n    )\n<\/pre>\n
        \u4e3a\u8fc1\u79fb\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u751f\u6210\u8fc1\u79fb\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 -m <comment> \u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\u6ce8\u91ca\u5c06\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e2d\u3002\u6b64\u547d\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u627e\u5230\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n
        1728372261_c0a05e0cd317_add_integration_service.py \n1728372272_a1b4c9df789d_add_user.py\n1728372283_f32d57aa1234_update_order_status.py  \n1728372294_9c8e7ab45e11_create_payment.py\n1728372305_bef657cd9342_remove_old_column_from_users.py\n<\/pre>\n
        \u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u5217\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u8fc1\u79fb\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 orm \u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u65e7\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u5728\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u5c06\u4f1a\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67b6\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u518d\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u578b\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u8fc1\u79fb\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684\u5e76\u4e14\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u65e0\u8bba\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4f55\u66f4\u6539\u90fd\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
          \n
        •  \u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u59cb sql \u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/strong> <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          def upgrade():\n   op.execute(\n       \"update user_account set email = concat(username, '@example.com') where email is null;\"\n   )\n\ndef downgrade():\n   op.execute(\n       \"update user_account set email = null where email like '%@example.com';\"\n   )\n<\/pre>\n
            \n
          •  \u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u8868\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528sqlalchemy\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e2d\u624b\u52a8\u5b9a\u4e49\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u8fc1\u79fb\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u9759\u6001\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            from sqlalchemy import table, column, string\n\ndef upgrade():\n    # define the user_account table to work with data\n    user_account = table(\n        'user_account',\n        column('id'),\n        column('username', string),\n        column('email', string)\n    )\n\n    # get a connection to the database\n    conn = op.get_bind()\n\n    # select all users without an email\n    users = conn.execute(\n        user_account.select().where(user_account.c.email == none)\n    )\n\n    # update email for each user\n    for user in users:\n        conn.execute(\n            user_account.update().where(\n              user_account.c.id == user.id\n            ).values(\n              email=f\"{@example.com\">user.username}@example.com\"\n            )\n        )\n\ndef downgrade():\n    user_account = table(\n        'user_account',\n        column('id'),\n        column('email', string)\n    )\n\n    conn = op.get_bind()\n    # remove email for users added in the upgrade\n    conn.execute(\n        user_account.update().where(\n          user_account.c.email.like('%@example.com')\n        ).values(email=none)\n    )\n<\/pre>\n
            \u9636\u68af\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6d89\u53ca\u9010\u6b65\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5347\u7ea7\/\u964d\u7ea7\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc1\u79fb\u94fe\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fc1\u79fb\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u5730\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u964d\u7ea7\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5c06\u6b64\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 ci \u5bf9\u4e8e\u56e2\u961f\u6765\u8bf4\u975e\u5e38\u5b9d\u8d35\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8282\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u632b\u8d25\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n
            \"Alembic<\/p>\n
            \u5c06\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u5355\u72ec\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u6267\u884c\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f53\u5728\u672c\u5730\u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u63d0\u9192\u60a8\u6709\u5173\u6761\u4ef6 dependent_on \u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u6b64\u5904\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 alembic \u83b7\u53d6\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6620\u50cf\u5e76\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u5b83\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6dfb\u52a0\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4ec5\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08service_healthy\uff09\u65f6\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6dfb\u52a0\u6761\u4ef6\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff08service_completed_successively\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4ec5\u5728\u8fc1\u79fb\u6210\u529f\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n
              db:\n    image: postgres:15\n    ...\n    healthcheck:\n      test: [\"cmd-shell\", \"pg_isready -u ${postgres_user} -d ${postgres_db}\"]\n      interval: 10s\n      start_period: 10s\n\n  app_migrations:\n    image: <app-image>\n    command: [\n      \"python\",\n      \"-m\",\n      \"alembic\",\n      \"-c\",\n      \"<path>\/alembic.ini\",\n      \"upgrade\",\n      \"head\"\n    ]\n    depends_on:\n      db:\n        condition: service_healthy\n\n  app:\n    ...\n    depends_on:\n      app_migrations:\n        condition: service_completed_successfully\n<\/pre>\n
            depends_on \u6761\u4ef6\u786e\u4fdd\u8fc1\u79fb\u4ec5\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b8c\u5168\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u5ffd\u89c6\u5b83\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 mixins \u662f\u907f\u514d\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u4fbf\u6377\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 mixin \u662f\u5305\u542b\u5e38\u7528\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981created_at\u548cupdated_at\u5b57\u6bb5\u6765\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e uuid \u7684 id \u6765\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4e3b\u952e\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c01\u88c5\u5728 mixin \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
            import uuid\nfrom sqlalchemy import column, datetime, func\nfrom sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import uuid\n\nclass timestampmixin:\n    created_at = column(\n        datetime,\n        server_default=func.now(),\n        nullable=false,\n        comment=\"record creation time\"\n    )\n    updated_at = column(\n        datetime,\n        onupdate=func.now(),\n        nullable=true,\n        comment=\"unique record identifier\"\n    )\n\nclass uuidprimarykeymixin:\n    id = column(\n        uuid(as_uuid=true),\n        primary_key=true,\n        default=uuid.uuid4,\n        comment=\"unique record identifier\"\n    )\n<\/pre>\n
            \u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e9b mixins\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5305\u542b uuid id \u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff1a<\/p>\n
            class User(UUIDPrimaryKeyMixin, TimestampMixin, BaseModel):\n    __tablename__ = 'user'\n    # Other columns...\n<\/pre>\n
            \u5904\u7406\u8fc1\u79fb\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u6301\u9879\u76ee\u4e95\u7136\u6709\u5e8f\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u6ce8\u91ca\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f7f\u6211\u514d\u4e8e\u6df7\u4e71\u5e76\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5bf9\u60a8\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u2014\u2014\u8bf7\u968f\u65f6\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u5206\u4eab\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u6280\u5de7\uff01<\/p>\n
            \u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5c31\u8bb2\u5b8c\u4e86\u300aAlembic \u548c SQLAlchemy \u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5de9\u56fa\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5c06\u5176\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff0c\u5e26\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff01<\/p>\n
                  \u7248\u672c\u58f0\u660e \u672c\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u4e8e\uff1adev.to \u5982\u6709\u4fb5\u72af\uff0c\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
            Alembic \u548c SQLAlchemy \u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5 \u79ef\u7d2f\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u80dc\u8fc7\u79ef\u84c4\u91d1\u94f6\uff01\u6bd5\u7adf\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u638c\u63e1\u597d\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u672c\u6587\u300aAlembic \u548c SQLAlchemy \u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\uff0c\u5c31\u5e26\u5927\u5bb6\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u4f60\u5bf9\u672c\u6587\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u60f3\u641e\u61c2\u5176\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf7\u4f60\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f80\u4e0b\u770b\u5427~ \u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 alembic \u548c sqlalchemy \u65f6\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fdd\u6301\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u5e8f\u3001\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ef4\u62a4\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u6b21\u5730\u8ba9\u6211\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a \u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a \u6309\u65e5\u671f\u5bf9\u8fc1\u79fb\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f \u8868\u3001\u5217\u548c\u8fc1\u79fb\u6ce8\u91ca \u65e0\u6a21\u578b\u8fc1\u79fb\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406 \u8fc1\u79fb\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08\u697c\u68af\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09 \u8fd0\u884c\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u670d\u52a1 \u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u4f7f\u7528 mixins sqlalchemy \u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6210\u8fc1\u79fb\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8868\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u60a8\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u547d\u540d\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u5916\u952e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u4e14\u4e00\u81f4\u3002 \u8981\u5728\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u8bf7\u5411\u57fa\u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a0\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf alembic \u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u9700\u7684\u547d\u540d\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a from sqlalchemy import metadata from sqlalchemy.orm import declarativebase convention = { ‘all_column_names’: lambda constraint, table: ‘_’.join( [column.name for column in constraint.columns.values()] ), ‘ix’: ‘ix__%(table_name)s__%(all_column_names)s’, ‘uq’: ‘uq__%(table_name)s__%(all_column_names)s’, ‘ck’: ‘ck__%(table_name)s__%(constraint_name)s’, ‘fk’: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-16"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49699"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49699\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49699"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}