{"id":51033,"date":"2024-12-03T13:35:59","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T05:35:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51033\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T13:35:59","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T05:35:59","slug":"%e4%bf%9d%e6%8a%a4%e4%bd%a0%e7%9a%84linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%9a%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e8%bf%99%e4%ba%9b%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51033\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/b> <\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4<\/h1>\n

\u54c8\u55bd\uff01\u4eca\u5929\u5fc3\u8840\u6765\u6f6e\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u60f3\u5fc5\u5927\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u6587\u7ae0<\/span>\u90fd\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u5427\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u6587\u5c31\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u5230<\/span>\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u6587\u7ae0<\/span>\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u522b\u9519\u8fc7\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0~\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u5230\u4f60\uff01<\/p>\n

\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fd8\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0cLinux\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4e14\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5e76\u638c\u63e1\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3aiptables\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684iptables\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1asudo ufw enable<\/code><\/li>\n
    • \u67e5\u770b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u72b6\u6001\uff1asudo ufw status<\/code><\/li>\n
    • \u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\uff1asudo ufw allow <port number><\/code><\/li>\n
    • \u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\uff1asudo ufw allow from <IP address><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n
      1. \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u63a7\u5236\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1asudo adduser <username><\/code><\/li>\n
        • \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff1asudo userdel <username><\/code><\/li>\n
        • \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1asudo passwd <username><\/code><\/li>\n
        • \u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230sudo\u7ec4\uff1asudo usermod -aG sudo <username><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \n
          1. \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u4fdd\u62a4\u654f\u611f\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff1asudo chmod <permissions> <filename><\/code><\/li>\n
            • \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff1asudo chown <username> <filename><\/code><\/li>\n
            • \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff1asudo chgrp <groupname> <filename><\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \n
              1. SSH\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                SSH\uff08Secure Shell\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u8bbf\u95eeLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8SSH\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u7981\u7528root\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684PermitRootLogin<\/code>\u4e3ano<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684PasswordAuthentication<\/code>\u4e3ano<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u9650\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a\u5728\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684AllowUsers<\/code>\u884c\u4e0b\u6dfb\u52a0\u5141\u8bb8\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1asudo tail \/var\/log\/syslog<\/code><\/li>\n
                    • \u67e5\u770b\u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1asudo tail \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/code><\/li>\n
                    • \u67e5\u770bApache\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1asudo tail \/var\/log\/apache2\/access.log<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      \u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u8fdb\u884c\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n

                      \u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n

                      \u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u73af\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u4e0a\u8ff0\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d0\u9ad8SSH\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e5f\u662f\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u65f6\u523b\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u60d5\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

                      \u4eca\u5929\u5173\u4e8e\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u300b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e86\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b66\u8d77\u6765\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\uff01\u60f3\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u6027 (Security),\u547d\u4ee4\u884c (Command-line),\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406 (Server management)\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff01<\/p>\n

                      \n
                      <\/dt>\n
                      \n \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\uff1f\n <\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      \u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4 \u54c8\u55bd\uff01\u4eca\u5929\u5fc3\u8840\u6765\u6f6e\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u60f3\u5fc5\u5927\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u6587\u7ae0\u90fd\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\u5427\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u6587\u5c31\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\uff0c\u82e5\u662f\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u522b\u9519\u8fc7\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0~\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u5230\u4f60\uff01 \u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4 \u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fd8\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0cLinux\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4e14\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f60\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5e76\u638c\u63e1\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u8bbe\u7f6e \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3aiptables\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684iptables\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a \u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1asudo ufw enable \u67e5\u770b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u72b6\u6001\uff1asudo ufw status \u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\uff1asudo ufw allow <port number> \u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\uff1asudo ufw allow from <IP address> \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406 \u63a7\u5236\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1asudo adduser <username> \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff1asudo userdel <username> \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1asudo passwd <username> \u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230sudo\u7ec4\uff1asudo usermod -aG sudo <username> \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e \u4fdd\u62a4\u654f\u611f\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff1asudo chmod <permissions> <filename> \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff1asudo chown <username> <filename> \u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff1asudo chgrp <groupname> <filename> SSH\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e SSH\uff08Secure […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51033","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51033","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51033"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51033\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51033"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51033"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51033"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}