{"id":51085,"date":"2024-12-03T16:31:31","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T08:31:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51085\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T16:31:31","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T08:31:31","slug":"%e4%bf%9d%e6%8c%81%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%9a%84linux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%ef%bc%9a%e5%bf%85%e5%a4%87%e6%8a%80%e8%83%bd%e4%b8%8e%e6%9c%80%e4%bd%b3%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51085\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b><\/b>     <\/p>\n<h1>\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h1>\n<p>\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\u7231\u597d\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u70b9\u5f00\u4e86\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u5bf9\u300a\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c31\u6765\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u6709\u8ba4\u771f\u8bfb\u5b8c\u7684\u7ae5\u978b\u4eec\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u9996\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u800c\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc5\u5907\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u52a0\u5f3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u638c\u63e1\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>tail -f \/var\/log\/syslog<\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u52a8\u6001\u663e\u793asyslog\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u548c\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6b63\u786e\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u548c\u6743\u9650\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u548c\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo adduser newuser<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo deluser username<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo passwd username<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5206\u914d\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo usermod -aG groupName username<\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo ufw status<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo ufw enable<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7981\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo ufw disable<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f00\u653e\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo ufw allow port_number<\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo apt update<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo apt upgrade<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6e05\u7406\u8fc7\u671f\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo apt autoremove<\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\u6bd4\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>ssh-keygen -t rsa<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u590d\u5236\u516c\u94a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>ssh-copy-id username@server_ip<\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo tar -czvf backup.tar.gz \/path\/to\/backup_folder<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6062\u590d\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo tar -xzvf backup.tar.gz -C \/path\/to\/restore_folder<\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li>\u52a0\u5bc6\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4fdd\u62a4\u654f\u611f\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u52a0\u5bc6\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>gpg -c filename<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u5bc6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>gpg filename.gpg<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u76ee\u5f55\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>tar -czvf - directory_name | gpg -c &gt; backup.tar.gz.gpg<\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u76ee\u5f55\u89e3\u5bc6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>gpg -d backup.tar.gz.gpg | tar -xzvf -<\/pre>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u53ef\u4f9b\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u9632\u706b\u5899 (Firewall),\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236 (Access control),\u5b89\u5168\u8865\u4e01 (Patch)\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff01\u82e5\u662f\u53d7\u76ca\u532a\u6d45\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u52a8\u52a8\u9f20\u6807\u6536\u85cf\u8fd9\u7bc7\u300a\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u6587\u7ae0\u5427\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u4e86\u89e3\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n<dl>\n<dt><\/dt>\n<dd>\n   \u63a2\u7d22Python\u7f16\u7a0b\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u6700\u70ed\u95e8\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u9009\u9879\n <\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5 \u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\u7231\u597d\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u70b9\u5f00\u4e86\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u5bf9\u300a\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c31\u6765\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u6240\u6709\u8ba4\u771f\u8bfb\u5b8c\u7684\u7ae5\u978b\u4eec\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002 \u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u5fc5\u5907\u6280\u80fd\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u9996\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u800c\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc5\u5907\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u52a0\u5f3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u638c\u63e1\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002 \u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7 \u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a tail -f \/var\/log\/syslog \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u52a8\u6001\u663e\u793asyslog\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002 \u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u548c\u6743\u9650 \u6b63\u786e\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u548c\u6743\u9650\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u548c\u6743\u9650\uff1a \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1a sudo adduser newuser \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff1a sudo deluser username \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a sudo passwd username \u5206\u914d\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\uff1a sudo usermod -aG groupName username \u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a \u67e5\u770b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u72b6\u6001\uff1a sudo ufw status \u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a sudo ufw enable \u7981\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a sudo ufw disable \u5f00\u653e\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a sudo ufw allow port_number \u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305 \u4fdd\u6301\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a \u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\uff1a sudo apt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51085","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51085","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51085"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51085\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51085"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51085"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51085"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}