{"id":51135,"date":"2024-12-03T09:45:37","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T01:45:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51135\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T09:45:37","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T01:45:37","slug":"%e6%b7%b1%e5%85%a5%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%9a%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%8e%e7%bb%b4%e6%8a%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51135\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b><\/b>     <\/p>\n<h1>\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4<\/h1>\n<p>\u5b66\u4e60\u8981\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u6025\uff01\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0<span style=\"color: #FF6600;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;background-color: #FFFFFF\">\u300a\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u300b<\/span>\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230<span style=\"color: #FF6600;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;background-color: #FFFFFF\"><\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u5b66\u4e60<span style=\"color: #FF6600;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;background-color: #FFFFFF\">\u6587\u7ae0<\/span>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\uff01\u6211\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a<br \/>\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6210\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e9f\u9700\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u8bae\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u800c\u5907\u53d7\u63a8\u5d07\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b89\u5168\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565<br \/>\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86passwd\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\u5e94\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8db3\u591f\u957f\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u7834\u89e3\u96be\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>passwd --minlen=8<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u5b57\u6bcd\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u5bc6\u7801\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>passwd --type=all<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc6\u7801\u6709\u6548\u671f\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\u5e94\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u6709\u6548\u671f\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236\u7528\u6237\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>chage --maxdays=90 [\u7528\u6237\u540d]<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc6\u7801\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u6b21\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>passwd --mindiff=3<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e<br \/>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86iptables\u548cufw\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002<br \/>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u7981\u6b62\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u5165\u6d41\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>iptables -P INPUT DROP<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5141\u8bb8\u6307\u5b9a\u7684IP\u6216IP\u6bb5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>iptables -A INPUT -s [IP\/\u7f51\u6bb5] -p [\u534f\u8bae] --dport [\u7aef\u53e3] -j ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p [\u534f\u8bae] --dport [\u539f\u7aef\u53e3] -j DNAT --to-destination [\u76ee\u6807IP:\u76ee\u6807\u7aef\u53e3]\niptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u542f\u7528ufw\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>ufw enable<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001SSH\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e<br \/>SSH\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9bSSH\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539SSH\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>vi \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\n# \u4fee\u6539 Port 22 \u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\nservice sshd restart<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7981\u6b62root\u7528\u6237\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>vi \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\n# \u4fee\u6539 PermitRootLogin yes \u4e3a PermitRootLogin no\nservice sshd restart<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u516c\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>mkdir ~\/.ssh\nchmod 700 ~\/.ssh\nvi ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys\n# \u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u7c98\u8d34\u5230authorized_keys\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\nchmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d<br \/>\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5347\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<br \/>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>apt-get update\napt-get upgrade<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>apt-get install unattended-upgrades\ndpkg-reconfigure --priority=low unattended-upgrades<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>apt-get install [\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d\u79f0]\napt-get dist-upgrade<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4e94\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u6062\u590d<br \/>\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u636e\u662f\u9632\u8303\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u6062\u590d\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u5907\u4efd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>tar czvf [\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u540d.tar.gz] [\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\/\u76ee\u5f55]<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5907\u4efd\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>mysqldump -u [\u7528\u6237\u540d] -p [\u5bc6\u7801] [\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d] &gt; [\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u540d.sql]<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u6062\u590d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>tar zxvf [\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u540d.tar.gz] -C [\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55]<\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<br \/>\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u6548\u9632\u8303\u4e0d\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u7834\u89e3\u3001\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5229\u7528\u7b49\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8bfb\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u52a0\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7406\u8bba\u8981\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u5b9e\u64cd\u4e0d\u80fd\u843d\uff01\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5173\u4e8e\u300a\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u300b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u5427\uff01\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u63d0\u5347\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u6765\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n<dl>\n<dt><\/dt>\n<dd>\n   PHP8\u5e95\u5c42\u5f00\u53d1\u539f\u7406\u89e3\u6790\uff1a\u63d0\u5347\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u79d8\u8bc0\n <\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4 \u5b66\u4e60\u8981\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u6025\uff01\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u300b\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5230\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u5b66\u4e60\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\uff01\u6211\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff01 \u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4 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