{"id":51239,"date":"2024-12-03T11:18:03","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T03:18:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51239\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T11:18:03","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T03:18:03","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8clinux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%ae%a1%e8%ae%a1%e5%92%8c%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51239\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b><\/b>     <\/p>\n<h1>\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790<\/h1>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cLinux\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528\u6237\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4fdd\u969cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u53d8\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u5e94\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5411\u60a8\u4ecb\u7ecdLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff1a<br \/>\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u662f\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u9762\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u672f\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1.1 \u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08Audit Log\uff09<br \/>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u6539\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528auditctl\u548causearch\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u5f00\u542f\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\nauditctl -e 1\n\n# \u67e5\u8be2\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\nausearch -m USER_LOGIN<\/pre>\n<p>1.2 OpenSCAP<br \/>OpenSCAP\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528OpenSCAP\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u5b89\u88c5OpenSCAP\nyum install -y openscap-scanner scap-security-guide\n\n# \u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u626b\u63cf\noscap xccdf eval --profile stig-rhel7-server-upstream \/usr\/share\/xml\/scap\/ssg\/content\/ssg-rhel7-ds.xml<\/pre>\n<p>1.3 Lynis<br \/>Lynis\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u626b\u63cf\u5e76\u8bc4\u4f30\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528Lynis\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u5b89\u88c5Lynis\napt install -y lynis\n\n# \u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u626b\u63cf\nlynis audit system<\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li>\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1a<br \/>\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u672f\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>2.1 ELK Stack<br \/>ELK Stack\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5305\u62ecElasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u548cKibana\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528ELK Stack\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528ELK Stack\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eElasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u548cKibana\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6eLogstash\u6536\u96c6Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528Kibana\u521b\u5efa\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u6765\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2.2 rsyslog<br \/>rsyslog\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6ersyslog\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528rsyslog\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u914d\u7f6ersyslog\u6536\u96c6\u65e5\u5fd7\nvim \/etc\/rsyslog.conf\n\n# \u63d0\u4ea4\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u6539\u5e76\u91cd\u542frsyslog\u670d\u52a1\nsystemctl restart rsyslog\n\n# \u67e5\u8be2\u65e5\u5fd7\ncat \/var\/log\/syslog | grep \"ERROR\"<\/pre>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<br \/>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u53ca\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u60a8\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4f7f\u60a8\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u514d\u53d7\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5c31\u8bb2\u5b8c\u4e86\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u300b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5de9\u56fa\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5c06\u5176\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff0c\u5e26\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790,\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168,Linux\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff01<\/p>\n<dl>\n<dt><\/dt>\n<dd>\n   \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Memcache\u63d0\u9ad8PHP\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\uff1f\n <\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790 \u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cLinux\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528\u6237\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4fdd\u969cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u53d8\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u5e94\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5411\u60a8\u4ecb\u7ecdLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u662f\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u9762\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u672f\uff1a 1.1 \u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\uff08Audit Log\uff09Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u6539\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528auditctl\u548causearch\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a # \u5f00\u542f\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7 auditctl -e 1 # \u67e5\u8be2\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7 ausearch -m USER_LOGIN 1.2 OpenSCAPOpenSCAP\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528OpenSCAP\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a # \u5b89\u88c5OpenSCAP yum install -y openscap-scanner scap-security-guide # \u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u626b\u63cf oscap xccdf eval &#8211;profile stig-rhel7-server-upstream \/usr\/share\/xml\/scap\/ssg\/content\/ssg-rhel7-ds.xml 1.3 LynisLynis\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u626b\u63cf\u5e76\u8bc4\u4f30\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528Lynis\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a # \u5b89\u88c5Lynis apt install -y lynis # \u8fd0\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u626b\u63cf lynis audit system \u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u672f\uff1a 2.1 ELK StackELK Stack\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5305\u62ecElasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u548cKibana\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528ELK Stack\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528ELK Stack\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eElasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u548cKibana\uff1b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51239"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51239\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}