{"id":51698,"date":"2024-12-03T12:24:58","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T04:24:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51698\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T12:24:58","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T04:24:58","slug":"%e6%8f%ad%e7%a7%98linux%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%9a%84%e6%9e%84%e6%88%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51698\/","title":{"rendered":"\u63ed\u79d8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/b> <\/p>\n

\u63ed\u79d8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210<\/h1>\n

Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5757\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u5305\u542b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e0e\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u53f7\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6807\u9898\uff1a\u63a2\u79d8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n

Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u800c\u95fb\u540d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u5173\u952e\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ee5\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u62ecext4\u3001XFS\u3001Btrfs\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\uff08superblock\uff09\uff1a\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u3001inode\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u3002\u5728ext4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    sudo dumpe2fs \/dev\/sda1 | grep superblock<\/pre>\n
      \n
    1. \u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\uff08inode\uff09\uff1ainode\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u7b49\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2ainode\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684inode\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      ls -i filename<\/pre>\n
        \n
      1. \u6570\u636e\u5757\uff08data block\uff09\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f4KB\uff09\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6563\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5757\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. \u76ee\u5f55\u9879\uff08directory entry\uff09\uff1a\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684inode\u53f7\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684inode\u53f7\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        ls -l<\/pre>\n
        \u4e09\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          sudo mkfs.ext4 \/dev\/sdb1<\/pre>\n
            \n
          1. \u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            sudo mount \/dev\/sdb1 \/mnt<\/pre>\n
              \n
            1. \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              mkdir \/mnt\/test<\/pre>\n
                \n
              1. \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                touch \/mnt\/test\/file.txt<\/pre>\n
                  \n
                1. \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  df -h<\/pre>\n
                  \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u539f\u7406\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u63ed\u79d8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210\u300b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8eLinux,\u7ed3\u6784,\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff01<\/p>\n
                  \n
                  <\/dt>\n
                  \n   \u9632\u6b62\u5728Go\u4e2d\u5bfc\u51fa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\n <\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                  \u63ed\u79d8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210 Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u7531\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5757\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u5305\u542b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e0e\u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\u53f7\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u673a\u5236\u3002 \u6807\u9898\uff1a\u63a2\u79d8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784 Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u800c\u95fb\u540d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u5173\u952e\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ee5\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b80\u4ecb \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7528\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u62ecext4\u3001XFS\u3001Btrfs\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u786c\u76d8\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u6784 \u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\uff08superblock\uff09\uff1a\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u3001inode\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u3002\u5728ext4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\uff1a sudo dumpe2fs \/dev\/sda1 | grep superblock \u7d22\u5f15\u8282\u70b9\uff08inode\uff09\uff1ainode\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u7b49\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2ainode\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684inode\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a ls -i filename \u6570\u636e\u5757\uff08data block\uff09\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f4KB\uff09\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6563\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5757\u4e2d\u3002 \u76ee\u5f55\u9879\uff08directory entry\uff09\uff1a\u76ee\u5f55\u9879\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684inode\u53f7\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684inode\u53f7\uff1a ls -l \u4e09\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u64cd\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a sudo mkfs.ext4 \/dev\/sdb1 \u6302\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a sudo mount \/dev\/sdb1 \/mnt \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a mkdir \/mnt\/test \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a touch \/mnt\/test\/file.txt \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a df -h \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u539f\u7406\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u63ed\u79d8Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6784\u6210\u300b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8eLinux,\u7ed3\u6784,\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff01 \u9632\u6b62\u5728Go\u4e2d\u5bfc\u51fa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51698","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51698","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51698"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51698\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51698"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51698"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}