{"id":51959,"date":"2024-12-03T16:20:50","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T08:20:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51959\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T16:20:50","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T08:20:50","slug":"linux%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95%e6%8c%87%e7%9a%84%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/51959\/","title":{"rendered":"linux\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/b> <\/p>\n

linux\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h1>\n

\u4e00\u5206\u8015\u8018\uff0c\u4e00\u5206\u6536\u83b7\uff01\u65e2\u7136\u90fd\u6253\u5f00\u8fd9\u7bc7\u300alinux\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u300b<\/span>\uff0c\u5c31\u575a\u6301\u770b\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5b66\u4e0b\u53bb\u5427\uff01\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u8bb2\u5230<\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u672c\u6587\u6709\u597d\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u6216\u8005\u770b\u5230\u6709\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u79ef\u6781\u63d0\u51fa\uff01\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u6587\u7ae0\u6211\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u7ae0<\/span>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff01<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

linux\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u822c\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff1b\u7528\u6237\u521a\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4fbf\u662f\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u540d\u76f8\u540c\uff1b\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c~\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\uff5e\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6237\uff0c\uff5e\u8868\u793a\/home\/\uff08\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff09<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8eroot\u7528\u6237\uff0c\uff5e\u8868\u793a\/root<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8981\u67e5\u770b\uff5e\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8fdb\u5165\uff5e\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528pwd -P\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\uff5e\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n

cd ~\npwd -P<\/pre>\n
\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\/etc\/passwd\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c6\u9879\u627e\u5230<\/p>\n
[root@www ~]# head -n 4 \/etc\/passwdroot:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/bash  <==\u7b49\u4e00\u4e0b\u505a\u4e3a\u5e95\u4e0b\u8bf4\u660e\u7528\nbin:x:1:1:bin:\/bin:\/sbin\/nologin\ndaemon:x:2:2:daemon:\/sbin:\/sbin\/nologin\nadm:x:3:4:adm:\/var\/adm:\/sbin\/nologin<\/pre>\n
\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a
\u8fd9\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9762\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c root \u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u5728 \/root \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53 root \u767b\u9646\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u8dd1\u5230 \/root \u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u5934\u5566\uff01\u5475\u5475\uff01\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7279\u522b\u7684\u5927\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u8be5\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u53bb\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u4f5c\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\uff01\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u5466\uff01\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u5728 \/home\/yourIDname<\/p>\n
\u76ee\u5f55\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6709\u5173\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n
\uff081\uff09\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55 
\u4ece\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5728\u767b\u5f55\u5230Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6bcf\u65f6\u6bcf\u523b\u90fd\u5904\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u76ee
\u5f55\u88ab\u79f0\u505a\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\uff08Working Directory\uff09\u3002\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u7528\u6237\u521d\u59cb\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff08Home
Directory\uff09\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u201c.\u201d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u201c..\u201d\u8868\u793a\u3002 
\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u8d77\u6765\u7684\uff08\u4ee5\u540e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u822c\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002 
\u7528\u6237\u521a\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4fbf\u662f\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u540d\u76f8\u540c\u3002 
\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a~\u5b57\u7b26\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 
\u4f8b\u5982\u547d\u4ee4 
\/home\/WANG$ cat ~\/class\/software_1
\u548c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4 
\/home\/WANG$ cat \/home\/WANG\/class\/software_1
\u610f\u4e49\u76f8\u540c\u3002Shell\u5c06\u7528\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u6765\u66ff\u6362~\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u597d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002<\/p>\n
\uff082\uff09\u8def\u5f84 
\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u6307\u4ece\u6811\u578b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u6b21\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u9053\u8def\u3002\u6b64\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6784\u6210\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u7528\u201c\/\u201d\u5206\u5f00\u3002\u4efb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002 
\u7528\u6237\u5728\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u7ed9\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002 \u8def\u5f84\u53c8\u5206\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002 \u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u6307\u4ece\u201c\u6839\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u8def\u5f84\uff1b\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002 
\u5e94\u8be5\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u6811\u578b\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5747\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5219\u968f\u7740\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5982cp\u548ctar\u7b49\u5927\u6709\u597d\u5904\u3002 
\u7528\u6237\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u6765\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c
\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5217\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u6237WANG\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aclass\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1asoftware_1
\u548chardware_1\u3002\u82e5\u7528\u6237WANG\u60f3\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5176class\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u540d\u4e3asoftware_1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u5217\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a 
\/home\/WANG$ cat \/home\/WANG\/class\/software_1
\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6587\u4ef6software_1\u4e0e\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u65f6\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a\uff1a <\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\/home\/WANG$ cat class\/software_1<\/pre>\n
Linux\u4e2d\u7528 pwd \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u201d\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u201c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002 \u7b80\u5355\u5f97\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0d\u592a\u786e\u5b9a\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528pwd\u6765\u5224\u5b9a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u7684\u786e\u5207\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
pwd [\u9009\u9879]<\/pre>\n
\u547d\u4ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u201d\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u201c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n
\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u683c\u5f0f\uff1apwd -P  \u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5b9e\u9645\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\uff08link\uff09\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e38\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
1\uff1a\u7528 pwd \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n
[root@localhost ~]# pwd\n\/root\n[root@localhost ~]#<\/pre>\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b2\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@localhost ~]# cd \/opt\/soft\/\n[root@localhost soft]# pwd \n\/opt\/soft\n[root@localhost soft]#<\/pre>\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e09\uff1a\u76ee\u5f55\u8fde\u63a5\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\uff0cpwd -P  \u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5b9e\u9645\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\uff08link\uff09\u8def\u5f84\uff1bpwd\u663e\u793a\u7684\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n
\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@localhost soft]# cd \/etc\/init.d \n[root@localhost init.d]# pwd\n\/etc\/init.d\n[root@localhost init.d]# pwd -P\n\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\n[root@localhost init.d]#<\/pre>\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b4\uff1a\/bin\/pwd<\/p>\n
\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
\/bin\/pwd [\u9009\u9879]<\/pre>\n
\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u76ee\u5f55\u8fde\u63a5\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u8fde\u63a5\u8def\u5f84 \u8f93\u51fa\u7269\u7406\u8def\u5f84\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@localhost init.d]# \/bin\/pwd \n\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\n[root@localhost init.d]# \/bin\/pwd --help\n[root@localhost init.d]# \/bin\/pwd -P\n\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\n[root@localhost init.d]# \/bin\/pwd -L\n\/etc\/init.d\n[root@localhost init.d]#<\/pre>\n
\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e94\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u800cpwd\u547d\u4ee4\u4ecd\u7136\u663e\u793a\u90a3\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
[root@localhost init.d]# cd \/opt\/soft\n[root@localhost soft]# mkdir removed\n[root@localhost soft]# cd removed\/\n[root@localhost removed]# pwd\n\/opt\/soft\/removed\n[root@localhost removed]# rm ..\/removed -rf\n[root@localhost removed]# pwd\n\/opt\/soft\/removed\n[root@localhost removed]# \/bin\/pwd\n\/bin\/pwd: couldn't find directory entry in \u201c..\u201d with matching i-node\n[root@localhost removed]# cd \n[root@localhost ~]# pwd\n\/root\n[root@localhost ~]#<\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u300alinux\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u300b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8eLinux\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8\u7c73\u4e91\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
linux\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48 \u4e00\u5206\u8015\u8018\uff0c\u4e00\u5206\u6536\u83b7\uff01\u65e2\u7136\u90fd\u6253\u5f00\u8fd9\u7bc7\u300alinux\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u300b\uff0c\u5c31\u575a\u6301\u770b\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u5b66\u4e0b\u53bb\u5427\uff01\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u8bb2\u5230\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u672c\u6587\u6709\u597d\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u6216\u8005\u770b\u5230\u6709\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u79ef\u6781\u63d0\u51fa\uff01\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u6587\u7ae0\u6211\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u7ae0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff01 linux\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u822c\u4e92\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff1b\u7528\u6237\u521a\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4fbf\u662f\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u540d\u76f8\u540c\uff1b\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c~\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 \uff5e\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55 \u5bf9\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6237\uff0c\uff5e\u8868\u793a\/home\/\uff08\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff09 \u5bf9\u4e8eroot\u7528\u6237\uff0c\uff5e\u8868\u793a\/root \u5982\u679c\u8981\u67e5\u770b\uff5e\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8fdb\u5165\uff5e\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528pwd -P\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\uff5e\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84 cd ~ pwd -P \u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\/etc\/passwd\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c6\u9879\u627e\u5230 [root@www ~]# head -n 4 \/etc\/passwdroot:x:0:0:root:\/root:\/bin\/bash  <==\u7b49\u4e00\u4e0b\u505a\u4e3a\u5e95\u4e0b\u8bf4\u660e\u7528 bin:x:1:1:bin:\/bin:\/sbin\/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:\/sbin:\/sbin\/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:\/var\/adm:\/sbin\/nologin \u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9762\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c root \u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u5728 \/root \uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53 root \u767b\u9646\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u8dd1\u5230 \/root \u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u5934\u5566\uff01\u5475\u5475\uff01\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7279\u522b\u7684\u5927\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u8be5\u8d26\u53f7\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u53bb\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u4f5c\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\uff01\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u5466\uff01\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u5728 \/home\/yourIDname \u76ee\u5f55\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6709\u5173\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 \uff081\uff09\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55 \u4ece\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5728\u767b\u5f55\u5230Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6bcf\u65f6\u6bcf\u523b\u90fd\u5904\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u88ab\u79f0\u505a\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\uff08Working Directory\uff09\u3002\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u65f6\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u7528\u6237\u521d\u59cb\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff08HomeDirectory\uff09\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u201c.\u201d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u201c..\u201d\u8868\u793a\u3002 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\/home\/WANG\/class\/software_1\u610f\u4e49\u76f8\u540c\u3002Shell\u5c06\u7528\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u6765\u66ff\u6362~\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u597d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002 \uff082\uff09\u8def\u5f84 \u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u6307\u4ece\u6811\u578b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u6b21\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u9053\u8def\u3002\u6b64\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6784\u6210\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u7528\u201c\/\u201d\u5206\u5f00\u3002\u4efb\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002 \u7528\u6237\u5728\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u7ed9\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002 \u8def\u5f84\u53c8\u5206\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002 \u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u6307\u4ece\u201c\u6839\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u8def\u5f84\uff1b\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002 \u5e94\u8be5\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u6811\u578b\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5747\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5219\u968f\u7740\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5982cp\u548ctar\u7b49\u5927\u6709\u597d\u5904\u3002 \u7528\u6237\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u6765\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u5b83\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5217\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u6237WANG\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aclass\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff1asoftware_1\u548chardware_1\u3002\u82e5\u7528\u6237WANG\u60f3\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5176class\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u540d\u4e3asoftware_1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u5217\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a \/home\/WANG$ cat 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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51959","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51959"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51959\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}