{"id":52201,"date":"2024-12-03T12:25:52","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T04:25:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/52201\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T12:25:52","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T04:25:52","slug":"linux%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e7%bb%84%e5%88%86%e4%b8%ba%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/52201\/","title":{"rendered":"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/b> <\/p>\n

linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b<\/h1>\n

\u5077\u5077\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6084\u65e0\u58f0\u606f\u5730\u53d8\u5f3a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u60ca\u8273\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff01\u54c8\u54c8\uff0c\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u53c8\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u5566~\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u5c06\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u300alinux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u300b<\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230<\/span>\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u5176\u90fd\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u5427\uff01\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u591a\u591a\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u8fdb\u6b65\uff01<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u67092\u79cd\uff1a1\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4  (  \u79c1\u6709\u7ec4  )\uff1b\u5efa\u7acb\u8d26\u6237\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u8d26\u6237\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u30022\u3001\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4  (  \u516c\u6709\u7ec4  )\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u7ec4\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

linux\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u7c7b<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1\u3001linux\u4e0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a3\u7c7b<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237 \u2014\u2014 \u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e3a root \uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4 ( \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u7528\u6237\u7b49 ) \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5fc5\u8981\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u624d\u7528\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\uff08\u4f2a\u7528\u6237\uff09 \u2014\u2014 \u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a bin \u3001 daemon \u3001 adm \u3001 lp \u7b49\u7528\u6237\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u6765\u767b\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u2014\u2014\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b64\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2\u3001linux\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec4\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u7c7b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      \u57fa\u672c\u7ec4  (  \u79c1\u6709\u7ec4  )  \uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u8d26\u6237\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u8d26\u6237\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u9644\u52a0\u7ec4  (  \u516c\u6709\u7ec4  )  \uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u7ec4\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      3\u3001linux\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u5728linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u6587\u4ef6\u529f\u80fd<\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n

      \u7528\u6237\u5e10\u53f7\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\/etc\/passwd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/td>\n\/etc\/shadow<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5e10\u53f7\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\/etc\/gruoup<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\n\/etc\/gshadow<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      (1\uff09\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u6587\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\/etc\/passwd<\/strong> <\/p>\n

      passwd   \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u5bf9   passwd   \u6709\u8bfb\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58\u53e3\u4ee4\u3002   <\/p>\n

      \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

      #   \u6bcf\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bcf\u884c\u7531   7   \u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528   \u201c:\u201d   \u5206\u9694\uff0c\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n

      \u8d26\u53f7\u540d\u79f0   :   \u5bc6\u7801   :UID:GID:   \u4e2a\u4eba\u8d44\u6599   :   \u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55   :Shell   <\/p>\n

      \/etc\/passwd   \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bf4\u660e   <\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

        \u8d26\u53f7\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55   Linux   \u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u5bc6\u7801\uff1a\u4ee5\u524d\u662f\u4ee5\u52a0\u5bc6\u683c\u5f0f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5bc6\u7801\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728   \/etc\/shadow   \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u53ea\u662f\u5bc6\u7801\u5360    \u4f4d\u7b26   \u201cx\u201d   \u6216   \u201c*\u201d   \u3002\u82e5\u4e3a   \u201cx\u201d   \uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5bc6\u7801\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86   shadow   \u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        UID   \uff1a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a   UID   \u6570\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684   UID\u2014\u20140  <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u7684   UID\u2014\u20141   \uff5e   999<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684   UID\u2014\u2014   \u2265   1000<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        GID   \uff1a\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684   GID   \u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u4e2a\u4eba\u8d44\u6599\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u59d3\u540d\u3001\u5730\u5740\u3001\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u7535\u8bdd\u7b49\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3c   Windows   \u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f   \/home\/username   \uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc   username   \u662f\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u7528\u6237    \u6267\u884c   \u201ccd   \uff5e   \u201d   \u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4f1a\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        Shell   \uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684   Shell   \uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f   Bash Shell<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \uff082\uff09\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\/etc\/shadow<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe1\"<\/p>\n

        #\u6bcf\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u884c\u4e2d\u5404\u5b57\u6bb5\u7528\u201c:\u201d\u9694\u5f00,\u5176\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a   <\/p>\n

        \n \u767b\u5f55\u540d:\u52a0\u5bc6\u53e3\u4ee4:\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4:\u6700\u5c0f\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694:\u6700\u5927\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694:\u8b66\u544a\u65f6\u95f4:\u4e0d\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4:\u5931\u6548\u65f6\u95f4:\u6807\u5fd7  \n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

        \/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u884c9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bb5 <\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n

          \u767b\u5f55\u540d \uff1a\u767b\u5f55\u540d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u52a0\u5bc6\u53e3\u4ee4 \uff1a\u4f7f\u7528SHA-512\/SHA-256\/MD5\u7b97\u6cd5\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff08 $id$\uff0c  id\u4e3a1\u793a md5\uff0c5\u8868\u793asha256\uff0c 6\u4e3asha512\uff09\uff0c\u82e5\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u65e0\u9700\u5bc6\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u82e5\u4e3a\u201c*\u201d \u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8d26\u53f7\u4e0d \u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u82e5\u4e3a\u201c\uff01\u201d\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8d26\u53f7\u5bc6\u7801\u5df2\u88ab\u9501\u5b9a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4 \uff1a\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u65e5\u671f,\u4ee5\u8ddd\u79bb1970\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u7684\u5929\u6570\u8868\u793a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u6700\u5c0f\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 \uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\u5728\u591a\u5c11\u5929\u5185\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a0,\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u9650\u5236<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u6700\u5927\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694 \uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\u5728\u591a\u5c11\u5929\u540e\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a99999,\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u8b66\u544a\u65f6\u95f4 \uff1a\u63d0\u524d\u591a\u5c11\u5929\u8b66\u544a\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5c06\u8fc7\u671f,\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a7\u5929,0\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u8b66\u544a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u4e0d\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4 \uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u591a\u5c11\u5929\u540e\u7981\u7528\u6b64\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u5931\u6548\u65f6\u95f4 \uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\u5931\u6548\u65e5\u671f,\u4ee5\u8ddd\u79bb1970\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u7684\u5929\u6570\u8868\u793a,\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7a7a,\u8868\u793a\u6c38\u4e45\u53ef\u7528    \u6807\u5fd7\uff1a\u4fdd\u7559\u672a\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4ee5\u540e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e4b\u7528<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u4e0a\u6b21\u4e00\u6b21\u4fee\u6539root\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u65e5\u671f  <\/p>\n

          \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe2\"<\/p>\n

          \uff083\uff09\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u8d26\u53f7\u6587\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\/etc\/group<\/strong> <\/p>\n

          \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\uff0c\u5728\/etc\/group\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u6237\u5747\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u8d26\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002  <\/p>\n

          \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe3\"<\/p>\n

          \u5b57\u6bb5\u8bf4\u660e <\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          • \n

            Groupname \uff1a\u7ec4\u7684\u540d\u5b57<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            Passwd \uff1a\u7ec4\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u53e3\u4ee4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            GID \uff1a\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u7684ID\uff0c\u5728\/etc\/passwd\u57df\u4e2d\u7684GID\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            Userlist \uff1a\u662f\u7528\u201c\uff0c\u201d\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u6210\u5458\u4ee5\u8be5\u7ec4\u4e3a\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u4f5c\u4e1a\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

            1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237lockuser, \u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a\/home\/lock, \u7136\u540e\u9501\u5b9a\u8be5\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

            \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe4\"<\/p>\n

            2\u3001\u89e3\u9501lockuser\uff0c \u5e76\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0b\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n

            \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe5\"<\/p>\n

            3\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237testuser\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e3anormaluser<\/p>\n

            \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe6\"<\/p>\n

            4\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u6587\u4ef6\u7684acl\uff0c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6eacl \u7528\u6237\u4e3atestuser1 \u6743\u9650\u4e3a rwx\uff0c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6eacl\u7684mask: \u6743\u9650\u4e3ar-x<\/p>\n

            \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe7\"<\/p>\n

            \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe8\"<\/p>\n

            5\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6esuid\uff0c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6esuid(\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f u+s\u548cnnnn)\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f
            6\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6esgid, \u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbe\u7f6esgid(\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f g+s\u548cnnnn)\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f
            7\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6esbit\uff0c\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\u8bbe\u7f6esbit(\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f o+t\u548cnnnn)\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n

            \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe9\"<\/p>\n

            \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe10\"<\/p>\n

            Linux \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u81f3\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/strong><\/h3>\n

            \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u5411\u4f60\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728CentOS\u3001Debian \u548c Ubuntu \u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u4e00\u4e2a Linux \u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u7ec4\uff08Primary group\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u9644\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff08Secondary groups\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u65f6\u4f5c\u4e3a adduser<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5 root<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5728 Ubuntu \u4e0a\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a sudo<\/code>\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8fd0\u884csudo -s<\/code> \u5207\u6362\u5230 root<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f family<\/code> \u548c friends<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n

            groupadd family\ngroupadd friends<\/pre>\n
            \u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u81f3\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/strong><\/p>\n
            \u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7528\u6237 tom<\/code>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7ec4 family<\/code>\u3002family<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 -G<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9644\u5c5e\u7ec4\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n
            useradd -G family tom<\/pre>\n
            \u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/strong><\/p>\n
            tom<\/code> \u73b0\u5728\u662f family<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u3002\u53c2\u6570 -G<\/code> \u5141\u8bb8\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u9694\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5c06\u7528\u6237 tom<\/code> \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 family<\/code> \u548c friends<\/code> \u4e24\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
            useradd -G family,friends tom<\/pre>\n
            \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n
            \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u65b0\u7684 Linux \u7528\u6237 tom<\/code> \u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u6cd5\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b64\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
            passwd tom<\/pre>\n
            \u5e76\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u8f93\u5165\u4e24\u6b21\u65b0\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7528\u6237 tom<\/code> \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8f85\u52a9\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0cadduser<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8be5\u7ec4\u5206\u914d\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n
              \n
            • \n
              \u7528\u6237\u540d: tom<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            • \n
              \u4e3b\u7ec4: tom<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            • \n
              \u9644\u5c5e\u7ec4: family\uff08\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u6dfb\u52a0 family \u548c friends \u4e24\u4e2a\u9644\u5c5e\u7ec4)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u7ec4<\/strong><\/p>\n
              \u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u6dfb\u52a0 tom<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u7ec4\u4e3a family<\/code>\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u521b\u5efa\u7684 tom<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff09\uff0c\u9644\u5c5e\u7ec4\u4e3a friends<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
              useradd -g family -G friends tom<\/pre>\n
              \u4f7f\u7528 man<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97 useradd<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n
              man useradd<\/pre>\n
              \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe11\"<\/p>\n
              \u5c06\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u81f3\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/strong><\/p>\n
              \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 usermod<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u3002usermod<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u6dfb\u52a0\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4 colleagues<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
              groupadd colleagues<\/pre>\n
              \u4f7f\u7528 usermod<\/code><\/strong><\/p>\n
              \u6211\u5c06 colleagues<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9644\u5c5e\u7ec4\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7528\u6237 tom<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
              usermod -a -G colleagues tom<\/pre>\n
              \u547d\u4ee4\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a-a<\/code> \u8868\u793a append<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0e -G<\/code> \u9009\u9879\uff08\u9644\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff09\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u7ec8\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 tom<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 colleagues<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9644\u5c5e\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n
              -G<\/code> \u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u9694\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a-G group1,group2,group3<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u4fee\u6539 tom<\/code> \u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u7ec4\u4e3a family<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
              usermod -g family tom<\/pre>\n
              \u4f7f\u7528 man<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6 usermod<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u9009\u9879\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n
              man usermod<\/pre>\n
              \"linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u63d2\u56fe12\"<\/p>\n
              \u7ec8\u4e8e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b8c\u5566\uff01\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u300alinux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u300b\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba9\u4f60\u6536\u83b7\u591a\u591a\u4e86\u5427\uff01\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u6536\u85cf\u6216\u5206\u4eab\u7ed9\u66f4\u591a\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u5427~\u7c73\u4e91\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u6587\u7ae0\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5feb\u6765\u5173\u6ce8\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
              linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b \u5077\u5077\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u6084\u65e0\u58f0\u606f\u5730\u53d8\u5f3a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u60ca\u8273\u6240\u6709\u4eba\uff01\u54c8\u54c8\uff0c\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\u53c8\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u5566~\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u5c06\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u300alinux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5206\u4e3a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u300b\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230\u7b49\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9\u5176\u90fd\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u5427\uff01\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u591a\u591a\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u8fdb\u6b65\uff01 linux\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u67092\u79cd\uff1a1\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4  (  \u79c1\u6709\u7ec4  )\uff1b\u5efa\u7acb\u8d26\u6237\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u8d26\u6237\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u30022\u3001\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4  (  \u516c\u6709\u7ec4  )\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u7ec4\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002 linux\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u7684\u5206\u7c7b 1\u3001linux\u4e0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a3\u7c7b \u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237 \u2014\u2014 \u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e3a root \uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5207\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4 ( \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u7528\u6237\u7b49 ) \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5fc5\u8981\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\u624d\u7528\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002 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