{"id":61398,"date":"2025-04-29T12:06:42","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T04:06:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/61398\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T12:06:42","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T04:06:42","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8linux%e4%b8%8a%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e9%ab%98%e5%8f%af%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%8d%e5%90%91%e4%bb%a3%e7%90%86%ef%bc%88%e5%a6%82nginx%ef%bc%89-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/61398\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff08\u5982Nginx\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff08\u5982\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u6458\u8981\uff1a<br \/>\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5Nginx\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5Nginx<br \/>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5Nginx\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install nginx<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406<br \/>\u5728Nginx\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u7f16\u8f91Nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\uff0c\u5728http\u5757\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>http {\n upstream backend {\n     server backend1.example.com;\n     server backend2.example.com;\n     server backend3.example.com;\n }\n\n server {\n     listen       80;\n     server_name  example.com;\n\n     location \/ {\n         proxy_pass  http:\/\/backend;\n     }\n }\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3abackend\u7684upstream\u5757\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u9700\u8981\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002server\u5757\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9backend\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565<br \/>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8f6e\u8be2\uff08Round-Robin\uff09\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5373\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f9d\u6b21\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5206\u914d\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<br \/>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a. IP Hash<\/p>\n<pre>upstream backend {\n    ip_hash;\n    server backend1.example.com;\n    server backend2.example.com;\n    server backend3.example.com;\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>IP Hash\u7b56\u7565\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u5c06\u5176\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>b. Least Connections<\/p>\n<pre>upstream backend {\n    least_conn;\n    server backend1.example.com;\n    server backend2.example.com;\n    server backend3.example.com;\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>Least Connections\u7b56\u7565\u4f1a\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u91cd\u8f7dNginx\u914d\u7f6e<br \/>\u5b8c\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u8f7dNginx\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u751f\u6548\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b8c\u6210\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo nginx -s reload<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u914d\u7f6e<br \/>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u591a\u4e2aNginx\u8282\u70b9\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528Keepalived\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt-get install keepalived<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91Keepalived\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\/etc\/keepalived\/keepalived.conf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>global_defs {\n router_id LB_NODE1\n}\n\nvrrp_instance VI_1 {\n state MASTER\n interface eth0\n virtual_router_id 51\n priority 100\n \n virtual_ipaddress {\n     192.168.1.100\n }\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cstate\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08MASTER\u6216BACKUP\uff09\uff0cvirtual_router_id\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u8def\u7531\u5668ID\uff0cvirtual_ipaddress\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u865a\u62dfIP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u542fKeepalived\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f7f\u914d\u7f6e\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo service keepalived restart<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<br \/>\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Keepalived\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u5b9e\u73b0\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u642d\u5efa\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff08\u5982Nginx\uff09\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff08\u5982\uff09 \u6458\u8981\uff1a\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5Nginx\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002 \u5b89\u88c5Nginx\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5Nginx\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install nginx \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u5728Nginx\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u7f16\u8f91Nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\uff0c\u5728http\u5757\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a http { upstream backend { server backend1.example.com; server backend2.example.com; server backend3.example.com; } server { listen 80; server_name example.com; location \/ { proxy_pass http:\/\/backend; } } } \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3abackend\u7684upstream\u5757\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u9700\u8981\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002server\u5757\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9backend\u3002 \u914d\u7f6e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8f6e\u8be2\uff08Round-Robin\uff09\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5373\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f9d\u6b21\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5206\u914d\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a a. IP Hash upstream backend { ip_hash; server backend1.example.com; server backend2.example.com; server backend3.example.com; } [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61398","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61398","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61398"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61398\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61398"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61398"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}