{"id":61559,"date":"2025-04-29T10:35:46","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T02:35:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/61559\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T10:35:46","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T02:35:46","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8linux%e4%b8%8a%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e5%88%86%e5%b8%83%e5%bc%8f%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/61559\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a
\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5355\u673a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u73b0\u4ee3\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u56e0\u5176\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u9996\u9009\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b80\u4ecb
\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6563\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u591a\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u548c\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u62ecHadoop HDFS\u3001Google GFS\u3001Ceph\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u7740\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf
\u4ee5Hadoop HDFS\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u4e0b\u8f7d\u548c\u5b89\u88c5Hadoop
    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4eceApache Hadoop\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6700\u65b0\u7684Hadoop\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u538b\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

    $ tar -xzvf hadoop-3.x.x.tar.gz\n$ cd hadoop-3.x.x<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf
    \u7f16\u8f91~\/.bashrc\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6eHadoop\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
    $ vi ~\/.bashrc<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n
    export HADOOP_HOME=\/path\/to\/hadoop-3.x.x\nexport PATH=$HADOOP_HOME\/bin:$HADOOP_HOME\/sbin:$PATH<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u751f\u6548\uff1a<\/p>\n
    $ source ~\/.bashrc<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u4fee\u6539Hadoop\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6
    \u8fdb\u5165Hadoop\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91hadoop-env.sh\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u914d\u7f6eJAVA_HOME\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
    $ cd $HADOOP_HOME\/etc\/hadoop\n$ vi hadoop-env.sh<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Java\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/p>\n
    export JAVA_HOME=\/path\/to\/java<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91core-site.xml\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u914d\u7f6eHDFS\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
    $ vi core-site.xml<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n
    <configuration><property><name>fs.defaultFS<\/name><value>hdfs:\/\/localhost:9000<\/value><\/property><property><name>hadoop.tmp.dir<\/name><value>\/path\/to\/tmp<\/value><\/property><\/configuration><\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91hdfs-site.xml\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u914d\u7f6eHDFS\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
    $ vi hdfs-site.xml<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n
    <configuration><property><name>dfs.replication<\/name><value>3<\/value><\/property><\/configuration><\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
  4. \n
    \u683c\u5f0f\u5316HDFS
    \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316HDFS\u3002<\/p>\n
    $ hdfs namenode -format<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n
  5. \n
    \u542f\u52a8HDFS\u670d\u52a1
    \u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8HDFS\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
    $ start-dfs.sh<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7hdfs\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u76f8\u5173API\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0a\u4f20\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3001\u5220\u9664\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a
    \u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5Hadoop HDFS\u4e3a\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u6f14\u793a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u591a\u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u8c03\u4f18\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    \u5982\u4f55\u5728linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf \u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5355\u673a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u7ecf\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u73b0\u4ee3\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u56e0\u5176\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3001\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u9996\u9009\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b80\u4ecb\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6563\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u591a\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u548c\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u62ecHadoop HDFS\u3001Google GFS\u3001Ceph\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u7740\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5Hadoop HDFS\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a \u4e0b\u8f7d\u548c\u5b89\u88c5Hadoop\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4eceApache Hadoop\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6700\u65b0\u7684Hadoop\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u538b\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002 $ tar -xzvf hadoop-3.x.x.tar.gz $ cd hadoop-3.x.x \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7f16\u8f91~\/.bashrc\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6eHadoop\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002 $ vi ~\/.bashrc \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a export HADOOP_HOME=\/path\/to\/hadoop-3.x.x export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME\/bin:$HADOOP_HOME\/sbin:$PATH \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u751f\u6548\uff1a $ source ~\/.bashrc \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4fee\u6539Hadoop\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u5165Hadoop\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91hadoop-env.sh\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u914d\u7f6eJAVA_HOME\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002 $ cd $HADOOP_HOME\/etc\/hadoop $ vi hadoop-env.sh \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Java\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\uff1a export JAVA_HOME=\/path\/to\/java \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91core-site.xml\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u914d\u7f6eHDFS\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002 $ vi core-site.xml \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a <configuration><property><name>fs.defaultFS<\/name><value>hdfs:\/\/localhost:9000<\/value><\/property><property><name>hadoop.tmp.dir<\/name><value>\/path\/to\/tmp<\/value><\/property><\/configuration> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91hdfs-site.xml\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u914d\u7f6eHDFS\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570\u3002 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61559","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61559"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61559\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61559"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61559"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61559"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}